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XML 與電子商務標準
梁中平 副主任
資策會 電子商務應用推廣中心
Oct./15/2002
Preface
•電子商務標準的意義
•制定何種標準
•基於XML的訊息標準
RosettaNet XML
ebXML
Biztalk OAG
IFX SOAP
….. cXML
CBL UDDI EDI
大 綱
• e-Business Architecture
• 電子商務標準內涵
• XML 特性
• XML-based 標準
電子化 與 B2B電子商務
• e-Business: any activity that is performed online
and that involve customers, partners or employees
電子化 : 不論與外部交易夥伴或內部員工之各項作業皆使用
線上方式作業者稱之(一般係指使用Web Technology)
• Business-to-Business (B2B) e-Commerce: any
commercial activity that is performed between
business partners
B2B 電子商務 : 使用網際網路及Web Technology 執行交
易夥伴間之商業活動者稱之
電子化架構 (e-Business Architecture)
Integrate
Extend Connect
ERP SCM
Internet
Internet
Integrate & Automated B2B
Portals e-Business Infrastructure
Server
Intranet
CRM
People System
廠商 B2B 連線方式
B
2
B
1
ERP S
e
r
v 2
e B2B Server
r 5
ASP 3
P Browser
SCM o
r 4 Browser
t
a
l
Manufacturers 3PL/Customers/Suppliers
電子商務資料交換、作業整合的障礙與需求
-交易夥伴間連通的需求(Connecting everyone
together)
• 文件格式及內容的對應 (Document Formats and
Content Mapping)
• 文件配對的協調 (Matching Document
Choreographies)
• 傳輸訊息的一致性 (Message Compatibility)
• 傳輸協定的一致性 (Transport Protocol Compatibility)
-電子商務社群參與的需求 (Participating in
Communities)
• 登錄與儲存的機制(Registry and Repository)。
電子商務(EC/EB)標準觀念示意
作業程序 Business 共通的商業作業程序
Process COMMON PROCESS DEFINITION
Conceptual
Business
標準
資料結構 Data 共通的資料定義
及內容 Structure COMMON DATA DEFINITION
標準
Conceptual
Technical
傳輸協定 共通的資訊執行架構
Data
及安全 Comm.
COMMON IMPLEMENTATION
標準 FRAMEWORK
共通的軟體平台
COMMON SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS
EC/EB Std
Source:CP Liang Computing Std
B2B Conceptual Model
Business Transaction
Business Content Instance Business Process Instance Business
Conceptual
Specialized Business Content Specialized Business Processes Model
(Definitions,
Universal Business Content Universal Business Processes
format, structure,
Trading Partner Agreement
and
Business Content Format Definition Process Description Language choreography)
UDDI
(DTD+HTML MG UML+XML Schem text BPSS? …
S e c u r i t y
WSDL
Management
Directory / Registry
Service Description
SOAP,ebXML
Repository Language RNIF
Messaging
Technical
Conceptual
Core XML Standards Model
(Standards,
protocols and
Network Transport TCP/IP XML
tools)
Service Oriented Architectures Internet/.NET
Backend Integration C#/CLI
Source: Business Internet Consortium
XML as the Foundation of e-Business
• Semantically rich, structured data, text-based
and web-ready nature that make XML so
powerful
• The accepted standard for electronic data
interchange via the Internet
• The key in the development of today’s
business standards
10
What is XML
• XML具有簡單及彈性的格式與結構,被
用來定義資料與文件運用於網路環境
.Providing a common format that facilitates
participation in B2B data exchanges
.Establishing common data access techniques
.Enabling integration of enterprise applications
基於XML的訊息標準
•XML是一個中介語言(Meta Language*),
本身無法自行執行工作,主要被用來設計
發展其他產業或特殊領域的應用標準。
•XML-based 標準類型
-Technical Standards : Define the basic rules for
tagging, structuring, and displaying information.
-Business Standards : Provide the vocabulary
and protocols for conducting business electronically.
Source:C.P. Liang * A language for defining other languages
XML-Based 標準發展分析
技術標準 產業標準(Business Standards)
Technical Business Process Vocabularies
Standards (XML (Frame Work-
Core) Horizontal) (Vertical)
定義語法(Syntax),語意 定義傳輸,繞徑,及封包 定義產業或特殊領域
功能 (Sematic) ,及顯示 (TRP)等訊息服務 之文件結構,內容項目
(displaying)等標準 (Message Service), 安全及 之Tag名稱,代碼及等標
作業程序模式等標準 準
XML, XSL, DTD/schema, UN/CEFACT/OASIS: RN: MSG, IFX,
標準 Xpath, Xlink… ebMS,CPP/A
RosettaNet: BPSS,OTA,
RNIF,PIPs HL7,SOAP…
Web Services
制定及 •單一的W3C組織 •不同企業或產業及專業標準組織各別
負責制定與維護管理 制定與維護
維護單 •因而缺少整合性並有重疊發展的情形
位
Source:C.P. Liang B2B Implementation Related
XML and XML-Based Standards
XML, XSL, XLink/pointer
Foundation
R
•ebXML
O
S O I A O H
C
•RosettaNet
E T F O T L
Biz
T
T P X R
A D
A 7 RNIF
N
E BizTalk
T
ebXML
Implementation Framework(Message, Repository)
XML, XSL, XLink/pointer,Xpath
Tec
Source:CP Liang
XML Technical Related Standards
XML Data
RPC Protocol SGML
DCD
XML Protocol Schema Specification
XML Schema SOX
Query
Language(XDR)
XQL HTML4.01 DDML
RELAX NG
Digital Signature Style
XML Signature XML1.0 CSS1/2/3
Access Interface Name Reference CSS Mobile
XHTML1.0
DOM1/2/3 Namespace XSL
XHTML Basic Transform
SAX
Modularization XSLT
Auto path
of XHTML Linkage
XPath
XHTML1.1 XPointer
Module-based
XHTML XLink
Source:RosettaNet Japan
XML Technology Family
DOM RDF
SAX
Semantic Web
Program Manipulation DTD
Technologies
XML Schema CSS
Structure & Data typing XSL
XSL-FO
XSLT XHTML
Xpath Xforms
XLink XML VoiceXML
XQuery +
Namespace Presentation
XML Manipulation Core Technologies
Technologies
InforSet
XML文件的處理
文件內容
<?xml version=“1.0”?> XML
<!DOCTYPE greeting SYSTEM Document
“file://greeting.dtd”>
<greeting>
<salutation >Hello </salutation > Well formed
<address>III</address> and Valid XML
document
</greeting > for Application
XML Parser
DOM,SAX
文件結構（greeting.dtd）
資料展示
<!ELEMENT
greeting(Salutation,address) >
Structure Rules
<!ELEMENT (DTD)
salutation(#PCDATA)>
(option) 資料處理
<!ELEMENT address(#PCDATA)>
可儲存於公用之儲存庫(Reposity)
Server to Browser Process with XML
Displa
<HTML> y
CSS
CSS
CSS
<HTML>
XSLT
CSS
<XML> XSLT
<XML>
XSLT CSS
XSL-FO
XML-Based Business Standards
Vocabularies(or languages):
• XML data vocabularies for vertical industry applications:
Focus on defining DTD/schemas that describe data captured
by the industry and gaining industry consensus. Such as
Banking,Health,Supply chain..
• XML vocabularies carrying data as commands and
instructions for cross industry applications: Focus on
defining schemas that describe instructions and actions, and
acquiring input from a variety of application areas. Such as
SMIL(multimedia),SVG …
• XML vocabularies that describe interaction as a protocol
language. Focus on defining schemas that support
interaction across networks. Such SOAP, XML-RPC
SOAP 訊息
SOAP Message 一個 SOAP 訊息
HTTP Headers 標準的 HTTP 和 SOAP HTTP 表頭
SOAP Envelope <Envelope> 包含傳送訊息
SOAP Header <Header> SOAP 表頭
Headers 表頭內容
<Body> 包含 SOAP
SOAP Body
訊息名稱和資料
Message Name & Data 以 XML 編碼的 SOAP
訊息名稱和資料
XML-Based Business Standards(Cont.)
-Business process Standards :
To capature electronically all the critical aspects of
arranging and conducting business transaction.
ebXML: Provides a method for companies to
exchange business messages and data, conduct
transactions, and define and register business
processes.
RosettaNet: Provides vocabularies and business
process models(e.g. inventory management, work
order..)for the IT,EC,SM industry.
Web services: Provides a set of standards
(SOAP,UDDI, WSDL) to allow businesses with on-
line offerings to connect to other businesses to
enhance their offering with functions provided by
those other businesses.
B2B Integration
App SCM
App ERP App ERP
EAI EAI
SCM App
App App
Process Standard for B2B integration
•ebXML Web Services
•RosettaNet
*Source: Gartner Research, 25 June 2001
B2Bi Internal Flow
Registry
Messages
ERP AA
RA
In WM
House AA Admin Connection B2B Std INTERNET
Apps
CA
MRP AA
Commerce
Messages
RA:Registry Adapter
CA:Commerce Adapter
WM:Workflow Manager
AA: Application Adapter
B2B資料交換及整合作業標準之需求
(From Connection Point of View))
Server to Browser
• HTML Web Page
-No Messages issues but Style
- No Application Integration issues
Server to Server
• Application Integration through Message-based
Computing
-Pass information between application through
standard message (message contains transaction data
and controlling information)
-By using process standard to integrated into
backend system( Function Integration not only
data integration)
Server to Server Process with XML
Manufacturers Trading partners
Internet
Backend Web server Standard XML-Based Web server Backend
System Message System
with B2B (S/W) with B2B S/W
-Messaging framework-related content
(訊息框架標準)
-Payload-related content(訊息內攜帶之
B2Bi S/W XML文件格式標準-Vocabularies)
ebXML Technical Architecture
INDUSTRY
Specifications
XML
Scenarios 1
Business Profiles Request Industry Process Details
COMPANY A
2
Build Local System
ebXML 3 Implementation
Register Implementation Details
Registry
Register C OMPA NY A Profile
Qu
Do
er
ya
4
wn
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bo
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g em
ad
ut
an
CO
eb
A rr
XM
M
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PA
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NY
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mp
NS
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A
5 ree
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pr
Ag
ne
CT
of
nt
ile
SA
s
AN
TR 6
SS
NE
COMPANY B SI
BU
DO
ebXML compliant
software system
RosettaNet Standard
Technical Components
• Partner Interface Processes Technical
(PIPs):定義交易夥伴間之標 Components
準共通作業程序 PIPs
• Dictionaries and Codes :定
義並彙整產業之Business
Property,電子元件之Technical Dictionaries
Property及代碼 and Codes
• RosettaNet Implementation
Framework (RNIF) Core:定
義訊息封包,傳輸協定與安全 RNIF
標準
RosettaNet 標準使用觀念
1. Specification : 定義作業之情境 Dictionaries:
(scenario of business process) Business Dictionary
2. XML DTDs : 定義交易文件格式 Technical Dictionary(RNTD)
(schema of business document) Codes:
3. Message guidelines: 定義資料項
目與用法(Business Data Entities) GTIN、DUNS、UN/SPSC
PIP
Company A Company B
資訊執行架構 (RNIF)
(Packing:Business Message
Transport/Routing:Protocol,
Security,Signaling,TPA) 註 : PIP(Partners Interface Procedure)
共通作業程序
Web Services Concepts
Company
Application
Web Service
“Simply, Web Services are applications that interact
with each other using web standards.”
Rod Smith, VP, Emerging Technologies IBM*
Web Service in Action
• An interface that defines a collection of operations that
are network accessible through standardized XML
messaging.
Service Service
Requestor Provider
Internet
Application Application
invokes
Code Code
Web Service
• In Web Services the Service Requestor invokes services
on the Service Provider by using the SOAP remote
procedure call (rpc) protocol.
Standardization of Web Services Stack
is immature
Trading Partner
Distant
Agreements Future
Reliability (nothing planned)
Future
Security In Process
Business Process at W3C
Routing (Web Services Flow
Language &/or XLANG) Existing
Attachments Standardization
Endpoint Description Status
(WSEL)
Remote Procedure
Call Service Description
(SOAP 1.2) (WSDL)
Syntax Registry (UDDI)
XML (XML Schemas)
Wire Description Discovery
Standardization of ebXML Document
Exchange Stack is mature
ebMS Trading Partner Distant
Reliability Agreements Future
CPP/CPA Future
Security
In Process
Routing Business Process
Existing
BPSS
Attachments Standardization
Status
Service Description
Document - not identified as separate
Exchange from BPSS
(SOAP 1.1)
Registry (UDDI)
Syntax or Reg/REP
XML (XML Schemas) (ebXML)
Wire Description Discovery
謝 謝
敬 請 指
教
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