Essentials of Epilepsy
Chris Koutsogeorgas
EDTE 731
What is Epilepsy?
Epilepsy is a disorder in which nerve cells of the brain from time to time release abnormal electrical impulses. These cause a temporary malfunction of the other nerve cells of the brain, resulting in alteration of, or complete loss of consciousness.
What Causes Epilepsy?
• • • • • • • • • • • Acquired, congenital, or hereditary diseases Birth or pre-birth trauma Brain injuries Abnormal metabolism Chemical imbalance Degenerative diseases affecting the brain Poisoning (especially lead) Brain tumors Infections such as meningitis and encephalitis Scar formation in the brain from injury or operation Alterations in blood sugar
Common Myths About Epilepsy
• Epilepsy can cause mental illness, mental retardation, and cerebral palsy • Epilepsy is rarely treated successfully • People with epilepsy cannot lead normal lives • Most people with epilepsy cannot work and collect welfare checks • People with epilepsy lack intelligence • Epilepsy is very rare • Children with epilepsy need to attend special schools • All people with epilepsy have convulsions • People with epilepsy are possessed by the devil • People with epilepsy are no longer discriminated against and made fun of in our society (example)>
What Percentage of the Population Has Epilepsy?
1.75%
1.25% .5% 98.25% 98%
Pop. without seizures Pop. having had a seizure
First Aid for Seizures
1. Remove sharp corners and/or heavy objects. Place a cushion or similar object under the person's head. 2. Do not try to restrain the person or put anything in their mouth. It is medically impossible for a person to swallow their tongue. 3. Leave the person alone until their muscles relax, and then place them in the recovery position on their side. 4. Wait with them quietly and talk to them reassuringly. 5. Only call an ambulance if it is the person’s first seizure, if the seizure lasts more than five minutes, or if the person has subsequent seizures.