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OUTLINE
3 Second Hand Smoke – Smoke Free Environments For You
and Your Family
Goals 1. To increase participant knowledge on the effects of second hand smoke
(SHS).
2. To enhance participants’ skills in creating and maintaining smoke free
environments for themselves and their babies.
Objectives By the end of the learning session, participants will:
1. Be able to identify 3 effects of SHS on maternal health and the health of
the developing and newborn baby.
2. Be able to demonstrate 3 strategies to create and maintain smoke free
environments.
Facilitator Role 1. Review the Participant Handouts, Facilitator’s Notes and Background
information to familiarize yourself with their content.
2. Photocopy the Participant Handouts, Activity Sheet and Evaluation Forms.
3. Split the participants into small discussion groups and provide them with
the Participant Handouts and Activity Sheets.
4. Have the participants review the information in the Handouts and discuss
the Activity Sheet questions in their groups.
5. Facilitate a group discussion regarding the Activity Sheet questions, and
encourage participants to share their answers.
Optional:
Distribute the Participant Evaluation Forms and collect them after
completion. Complete the Facilitator Reflection Form.
Review evaluations to assess the participants’ learnings, behaviors and
intentions to quit.
Background Approaching Young Families About a Smoke Free Home
Being Assertive in Negotiating for Smoke Free Spaces
Negotiating for Smoke Free Spaces
Participant A Space to Breathe; Your Smoke Free Home
Handouts Tobacco Smoke in the Home is Dangerous
Dangers to Children From Smoking in the Home
Second Hand Smoke and Multi-Unit Dwellings
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.1
FACILITATOR’S NOTES
3
1. Before the participants get started on the Activity Sheet, define what ‘ your environment’
means: your home, car and other places frequented such as cafés, malls, daycares, friends
or families homes, your home in a multi-unit dwelling
Optional: Discuss SHS exposure in outdoor places such as parks, sidewalks, beaches etc.
2. Provide a flip chart, board, or large piece of paper for each group to list their answers to
Tasks 1, 2 and 3 on the Activity Sheet.
3. Please read the booklet “Approaching Young Families about a Smoke Free Home”. This is a
resource for health providers only, not for clients.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.2
BACKGROUND
3 Approaching Young Families About A Smoke Free Home
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.3
BACKGROUND
3 Being Assertive in Negotiating for Smoke Free Spaces
When we ask participants to think about making their spaces smoke free we are not only asking
them to change their own behaviours but also that they request others change where they are
smoking (e.g. go outside, even in winter, to have a cigarette). Making requests is difficult for
many women in our society and following are some tips on assertion, how to make requests,
and negotiation.
Assertiveness
Assertiveness is behaviour that enables a person stand up for her/his rights without violating the
rights of others. Assertiveness means respecting your own wishes and the wishes of others. It is
a method of communicating our opinions, beliefs, feelings, and wants in a direct, honest and
appropriate way.
Why Choose Assertion?
There are several reasons to choose assertion as a communication style for dealing with
smoke-free spaces. First, it is a more effective form of communication than non-assertion or
aggression because it is beneficial for both parties. With this method of communication a person
is able to give and receive respect, negotiate “win-win” situations, and to leave room for
compromise when the needs and rights of two people conflict. Second, when someone is
assertive, it will make people want to work with them and not against them because they know
that they will respect their feelings and be honest with them.
Assertiveness: How-To
"I" statements:
• Use “I” statements rather than “You” statements to express thoughts, feelings and
opinions that reflect ownership. (e.g. ‘I feel…’ instead of ‘You make me feel…’)
Facts:
• Use factual description instead of judgements or exaggerations. This will give more
credibility. Participants could use information in participant handouts to discuss why it is
important to make their spaces smoke free with family and friends.
Clear & Direct:
• Use clear direct requests or directives (commands) when you want others to do
something rather than hinting, being indirect, or presuming.
Making Requests or Demands
People who ask tend to get more than people who do not ask. When making a request or
demand, be straightforward, open, direct and concise. It may help to give reasons for your
requests but do not try to justify yourself or apologize for what you are doing unless you are
truly sorry. Always respect other person's right to say "no," just as you expect that they will
respect your right to refuse. If someone does say no you may need to increase the power of
your message or move into negotiating a solution that will work for both of you.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.4
BACKGROUND
3 Being Assertive in Negotiating for Smoke Free Spaces
4 Steps to Increase the Power of Your Message
1. Repeat your message. It may take a few times for people to remember that you do not
allow smoking in your house. You may need to remind them if they go to light a cigarette what
the rules of your house are.
2. Change your question to a command (or directive). For example, you could change “I
would appreciate it if you don’t smoke in my house or my car”, to “I do not allow smoking in my
house or car, if you wish to smoke you will need to go outside”.
3. Add emotion. Explain how you feel openly & honestly. For example, “It makes me very
upset when you smoke around me because I feel that you do not care for my health or the
health of my baby”.
4. Introduce consequences for actions or non-actions. For example you could say, “You
can not hold the baby unless you change your shirt before coming over and agree not to smoke
in the house”. Whatever consequences you set, you must be prepared to carry them out.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.5
BACKGROUND
3 Negotiating for Smoke Free Spaces
In a Successful Negotiation, Everybody Wins
Be Honest, and Get Your Facts Right
• You can't negotiate successfully if you don’t know what you are asking for, or
understand the problem you are discussing. Very often, successful negotiation can
come down to having accurate information. Be sure to do your homework, so that you
can talk about the issues with confidence. Be careful not to exaggerate or misrepresent
the facts.
Stay On Topic.
• Limit the disagreement to the current topic of discussion. Try not to bring in other
disagreements.
Figure out Exactly What the Problem/Issue is
• Figure out where it is that you agree and disagree. This will help you to see the main
sticking points and help possible agreement come to light.
Explore Possible Solutions
• Like a brainstorming session, let the ideas flow. This is the time for sharing ideas of what
might be possible without judgement or expectations.
See Yourself from the Other Person’s Point of View
• Put yourself in the other person's shoes. You can agree or disagree with the other
person’s opinion, but you will do well to understand it. By understanding it, you will have
the advantage in knowing how to present what you see as a fair outcome in terms that
the other person will be able to accept and understand, rather than fear.
Decide on a Mutually Acceptable Solution
• If a person doesn’t freely choose a solution that is acceptable to them, chances are they
will not carry through with it. Writing down the solution can help to sort out future
misunderstanding and clarify that you both are agreeing to the same thing.
Implement the Solution
• As soon as possible after the decision has been agreed upon, and terms clarified, the
solution should be implemented. When writing down the solution, time frames may be
included as to when implementation will occur.
Evaluate the Solution and Change as Needed
• Not all mutually acceptable solutions are the best the first time around. Often it takes
trying a solution to figure out where the bugs are. Once you have tried the solution for a
time (long enough to give it a chance) sit down and discuss if that is still the best solution
or if adaptation would be mutually beneficial.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.6
PARTICIPANT ACTIVITY SHEET
3
Topic: Secondhand Smoke - Benefits of providing a smoke free environment
for you and your baby
Task: After reviewing the Participant Handout information sheets, with
your group:
1. List 5 health effects of secondhand smoke.
2. Talk about ways that you can make your environment smoke free.
Write them down.
3. Talk about barriers for you to creating a smoke free environment.
Write them down.
4. Share your answers to Tasks 1, 2, and 3 with the larger group.
5. Fill out the chart on the next page with strategies that you will
implement in your home, car, and other places that you often visit
to create a smoke free environment.
6. On the chart, write down at least 2 solutions to any barriers you
may encounter.
7. On the chart, write down the names of 2 people you can ask to help
support your move to make your environment smoke free.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.7
PARTICIPANT ACTIVITY SHEET
3
Strategies for My Smoke Free Environment in:
MY HOME MY CAR OTHER PLACES I GO
Solutions to Barriers:
1.
2.
People I can ask to support me:
1.
2.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.8
PARTICIPANT HANDOUT
3 Tobacco Smoke in the Home is Dangerous
Two thirds of the smoke from a burning cigarette is not inhaled by the smoker but goes
into the surrounding air. If you or another family member smokes in the house, all of your
family smokes too. The smoke they get is called second hand smoke (SHS). It has twice as
much tar and nicotine as what the smoker gets. There is also 5 times as much carbon
monoxide and at least 50 chemicals in the smoke that can cause cancer.
Children are the most at risk family members to the dangers of smoke in the home. Their
lungs are still growing and developing. They breathe at a quicker rate and take in more air
for the size of their body compared to an adult. Because of our wintry weather, Canadian
children are more likely to spend much of their time indoors. Our homes are more tightly
insulated. This cuts down on the amount of fresh air coming in. It also traps poisons in the
air like tobacco smoke, inside the house. As a result our children are more likely to have
more contact with second hand smoke.
Many smokers try to protect their family from second hand smoke by opening a window or
smoking in another room to prevent the smoke from travelling through the house. Smoking
in an attached, heated garage is not a safe option either because it shares the same
furnace with the rest of the house. In fact, it takes less than 10 minutes for your furnace
to send the tobacco smoke throughout your home even if the door of the room where
someone is smoking is closed and/or the window is open. Smoking in your car, even with the
windows rolled down can expose your baby to as much or more smoke as were previously
found in smokey bars. There is no safe level of exposure to tobacco smoke. Even a short
time breathing tobacco smoke is harmful to health. It is very important to stop or reduce
your families’ exposure to tobacco smoke.
What can be done?
If you smoke or your partner smokes and is not prepared to quit:
1. Please smoke outside (and at least 20 steps away from doors and windows to prevent
the smoke from drifting back into your home) for the health of your baby and other
family members.
2. Try to avoid holding baby when wearing the clothing you’ve recently been smoking in.
Tobacco smoke sticks to your clothing and baby will be forced to breathe in the second
hand smoke from your clothing. Instead, wear a smock or jacket over your clothes
when you smoke that can be removed before you pick up your baby.
3. Because tobacco smoke also sticks to you after you’ve been smoking, also wash your
hands before you pick up baby.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.9
PARTICIPANT HANDOUT
3 Dangers to Children From Smoking in the Home
The risk of stillbirth and early infant death increases if you use tobacco.
• The harmful chemicals found in tobacco smoke put your baby at risk.
• For the first two weeks of their life, their risk of dying is one-third greater than
if you didn’t smoke.
The harmful chemicals in tobacco increases the risk of Sudden Infant Death
Syndrome or SIDS
• If you smoke while you are pregnant, the chance of your baby dying from SIDS is
two times as likely and may be even as high as 3 times as likely.
• SIDS is the most common cause of infant death between the second week and the
first year of life.
• Babies in contact with secondhand smoke after birth also have higher rates of
SIDS.
Exposure to tobacco smoke makes asthma worse and may be a cause of
asthma.
• 8 – 13% of all new asthma cases may be caused by exposure to tobacco smoke.
• Signs of asthma are twice as common in the children of smokers.
• Children with asthma who are exposed to tobacco smoke have more powerful
asthma attacks that happen more often.
Children exposed to tobacco smoke in the home are twice as likely to suffer
from serious lung infections.
• Between 15 – 23% of children admitted to the hospital are admitted for lung
infections caused by exposure to tobacco smoke.
• Secondhand smoke also causes other breathing problems like coughing, stuffy nose
and throat infections.
• Second hand smoke exposure is a cause of middle ear disease (otitis media) in
children.
• Exposure to tobacco smoke is a major cause of illness in school-aged children
accounting for 1 in 7 sick-days.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.10
PARTICIPANT HANDOUT
3 Dangers to Children From Smoking in the Home
Exposure to tobacco smoke can cause middle ear disease in children.
• Middle ear disease or fluid in the ear affects almost half of children by the age of
three years. It is the most common reason for surgery in young children.
• Exposure to tobacco smoke may be responsible for as many as 13% of all cases of
middle ear disease in preschool children.
Chemicals from tobacco smoke are passed to baby in mothers’ breast milk.
• Breastfeeding is best, whether or not you smoke.
• Babies who are exposed to tobacco smoke are more likely to refuse feedings, be
cranky, sleep poorly and spit up.
• Mothers who smoke may also have reduced milk supply.
Fires caused by cigarettes are responsible for 50% of all fire fatalities in
Canada each year.
• Smoking related fire deaths account for approximately 50% of all loss of life due
to fires in the home.
• Fires are also caused by careless use of other smoking materials such as lighters
and matches.
Sources:
Canadian Fire Marshal’s Public Safety Council 2008
Alberta Cancer Board; Snapshot of Tobacco Facts: A Resource to Guide Tobacco
Control Planning in Alberta. First Edition. 2007
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.11
PARTICIPANT HANDOUT
3 Second Hand Smoke and Multi-Unit Dwellings
Insert pdf
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.12
PARTICIPANT EVALUATION
3
Please take a moment to tell us what you thought of today’s learning session on the
effects of secondhand smoke and making your environment smoke free.
1. Have you learned something new about:
Secondhand smoke and your health? Yes No (circle one)
Secondhand smoke and baby’s health? Yes No (circle one)
Ways you can use to make your
environment smoke free? Yes No (circle one)
2. How could we have made this session better for you?
More information
Less information
I liked finding the answers with the group
I didn’t like working with the group
More time
Less time
Other:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3. Please answer the following:
a) Are you currently smoking?
Yes, I am currently using tobacco (Even 1 puff of a cigarette in the last 2 weeks)
No, I quit within the last 6 months
No, I quit more than 6 months ago
No, I have never smoked
If you answered yes to the question above please answer (b) and (c)
b) Since you found out you were pregnant, how many times have you quit using tobacco for
at least 24 hours?
________________________________________________________________________
c) Are you thinking of quitting?
Yes, within the next 30 days
Yes, within the next 6 months
No, not thinking of quitting
Thank you for your help.
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.13
FACILITATOR EVALUATION
3
1. Were the participants as a group able to identify at least three effects of secondhand smoke
on the mother, developing and newborn baby?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Were the participants able to identify practical strategies to make their environments smoke
free?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Were the participants able to plan strategies to handle barriers they might experience in
making their environment smoke free?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. How many participants were in attendance?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Was the activity appropriate for the group?
___________________________________________________________________________
If not, why?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Did you implement the activity as outlined, or did you have to alter the plan to suit the
group?
___________________________________________________________________________
If altered, what changes did you make?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Smoke Free Environments For You and Your Family 3.14
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