HISTORY of the MICROSCOPE
Hans and Zacharias Janssen, ~1590, Dutch Eyeglass Makers, Inventors
Robert Hooke’s Microscope
Had three lenses Lenses were of poor quality Resolution was poor Little detail was possible He created a device to add light to the viewing area
Hooke--1670 First Microscope
Hooke’s book increased the popularity of microscopes and the demand for better optics
1700’s Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Simple one lens microscopes but these were far superior to Hooke’s microscope. He was the first person to see living things under the microscope. He described red blood cells and bacteria on human teeth.
Known as the father of microbiology.
Leeuwenhoek’s Simple Microscope
Three Types of Microscopes
Optical
Electron Ion
Magnifying power 2,000 times
1,000,000 times
2,000,000 times
Types of Optical Microscopes
1. 2.
Magnifying lens Compound microscope
Optical--Compound Microscope
Eyepiece Objectives Fine Adjustment Knob Power Switch Stage Diaphragm Base Body Tube Nosepiece Stage Clips Stage Stop Coarse Adjustment Knob Aperture Arm Light Source
Transmission Electron Microscope
TEM uses electrons to magnify the object. This gives a 2-D view. Thin slices of specimen are obtained. The electron beams pass through it. It has high magnification and high resolution.
Mitochondrion - 90,000x
Scanning Electron Microscope
SEM also uses a beam of electrons that sweep over the surface of specimen producing a 3-D image. The specimen must be coated in gold. 60,000 X
Mosquito Head - 200x
Scanning Tunneling Microscope
Electrons are used to create 3-D images. Electrons scan the surface with the aid of a stylus. The stylus scans at a distance of one atom’s diameter!
STM technology is used in microchip production and DNA molecule studies
3 input sorter on a CPU microchip
Blue Platinum