Hadith Semester 3
1-28-06 Sunan Abi Dawood His biography After bukhari and muslim, usually tirmidhi is studied next. Why? Because of the type of writing. It‟s a jami3 at-tirmidhi like bukhari and muslim. However, according to authenticity, abi dawood is superior to tirmidhi. Sulaiman ibn al asha‟th ibn isha‟q ibn basher as-sujistani. Know at least his name sulaiman and his father‟s name and where he was from, sujistan, which is in India!! Born year 202 AH and died 275 AH. He was a student of imam bukhari. But he was known to be a student of imam ahmad. His students include tirmidhi nisai ibn majah and also his son abu bakr ibn abi dawood who wrote a very nice poem of aqeeda called al-ha‟eea. All scholars praise him as one of the greatest scholars of hadith. He traveled a lot to many places gaining knowledge. Ibrahim al Harbi said “hadith was softened for abu dawood just like iron was melted for dawood (as)” Prophet dawood was a blacksmith. Sahl ibn adilllah at-tasturi came to abu dawood and said I have a request and you have to promise to do it before I tell you. He said I‟ll do it if I can. He said show me your tongue, I want to kiss it because it is the tongue that gave us the hadith of the messenger (saw). Once Abu dawood heard a man sneeze who was leaving on a boat, so he rented the boat to follow the man to say “yarhamakallah” His work He wrote over 500,000 hadiths. He collected approx. 4800 hadith. 5274 hadith in total selected from the total. (why the difference of 400? Because what does the number matter? He never counted, he just knew his book). The total number of books is 35 books, the chapters are 1871. in the English edition, we have 36 books. The first book is the book of tahara (remember this is sunan). The last is adab (you need to know what‟s obligatory and this is what comes last) The level of his hadith: he said “I collected the authentic hadith, what‟s close to the authentic and what‟s near to it. If there‟s any very weak hadith then I‟ll mention it, and what I didn‟t say anything about it then it‟s accepted.” When studying his book, this statement is mostly true, over 80% of his book is authentic. However, there are some very weak hadiths in his book that he said nothing about. He said, out of the hadiths I collected. 4 of them are sufficient for any Muslim: actions are but intentions it is a sign of the good and strong faith of the Muslim that he doesn‟t meddle in other people‟s affairs none shall have faith until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself what is lawful is clear and what is unlawful is clear and in between is suspect, so stay away. Commentaries on his work: Imam al khattabi: ma‟lim assunan Shamsul Haq al Athimabadi: awn al ma‟boud. Shaykh al albani extracted the authentic hadith from the book of abu dawood. We have a new thing now where we have to check the authenticity of hadiths. Previously we use to discuss the lessons derived from the hadith since all the hadith are authentic. Now we need to verify the authenticity of the ahadith in addition to the other work. However, can we guarantee that a hadith is not authentic. We might find a supporting narration later to make this stronger. So what sheikh al albani did, he can‟t say these are the only ones. 2-7-07 All the book of sunan added some things – they didn‟t restrict themselves to just sunan although they didn‟t approach the level of jamia. Kitab as-sunnah – this means following the prophet (s), not just what is mustahab or mandub, etc. Also, the last book of sunan abi dawood is kitab al-adab, and this is the one right before that. Hadathana wahb ibn baqiyah (al wasiti d. 286H) From khalid (who is this? also from wasiti the city d. 182H) From Muhammad ibn amr (who is this? the son of alqama al laythee (his degree is sadouq means his hadith is accepted by it‟s not trustworthy, it‟s a step above weak) From abu salamah (who is this? ibn abdur rahman ibn auf. NOT THE HUSBAND of umm salama who died before abu huraira accepted Islam. This guy was one of the 7 scholars of medina) From abi hurairah.
This hadith is narrated by HM (ha meem – means ahmad) T (tirmidhi) Q (ibn majah was from Qazween) and KM (hakim) Narated By AbuHurayrah : The Prophet (pbuh) said: The Jews were split up into seventy-one or seventy-two sects; and the Christians were split up into seventy one or seventy-two sects; and my community will be split up into seventy-three sects. This hadith has a continuation – all of the sects are in the hellfire except those who follow my sunnah. People say – how could this hadith be correct – do you think the majority of muslims go into the fire? Could we be more divided than jews and Christians. Who are these sects? Don‟t we have more than 73? But we take lessons from this hadith? Just to beware deviation, and it defines the “saved sect” – those who follow the sunnah. Sheikh said it was no big deal to have khalid narrate to wahb ibn baqiyah. Sheikh al albani said it was hasan. Al aq‟nabi (abdallah ibn maslama al harithi d. 221 – famous sheikh of abi dawood) Akhbarana yazid ibn Ibrhaim attursturi (thiqa except in his narration from qatadah.) From abdallah ibn ubaidillah ibn abi mulaikah (d. 117 – well known narrator of hadith) From al Qasim ibn Muhammad (d. 106 – grandson of abu bakr. Ibn Muhammad ibn abi bakr. One of the 7 fuqaha of medina) From Aisha
The apostle of Allah recited the ayah “He it is who has sent to thee the book: in it are very basic or fundamental” up to “me n of understanding”. She said “the apostle of Allah then said “when you see those people who focus on that which is allegorical in the Quran, those are the people who Allah has named so avoid them. Lessons form this hadith: focus on what‟s clear, stay away from people of deviation, etc. This is authentic – it is in both bukhari and Muslim Chapter: abandonment of saluting the people of innovation. musa ibn ismael (al manqari an hammad al basri an thabit al bunnani (tabi‟ - well known student of anas an sumaya al basriya (female narrator – her degree is maqboola, accepted) an aisha
narrated also by S (nisai) and Q (ibn majah) Aisha said the camel of safiya bint huyai was fatigued and zainab has a surplus mount and the prophet told her to give safiya the camel. She said “should I give it to the jewess?” Thereafter the apostle of Allah became angry and kept away from her during tulhijjah, muharram and a part of safar. The prophet left her for over 2 months just for saying this one word. It was to teach her a lesson not to talk like that. The point of this hadith that abu dawood mentioned it here to show that it‟s okay to abandon someone for saying something like this – what more for the person of deviation? Chapter: adherence to the sunnah. Musaddad (thiqa but he‟s got a weird long name) an yahya (yahya ibn maeen, contemporary of imam ahmad) an ibn jurayj (famous scholar) an sulaiman an al ahnaf ibn qays (important – he met the Prophet, but he didn‟t convert to Islam. So he‟s not considered a sahaba – but he met the prophet so he‟s not a tabi‟ either. Special name for him - Mukhaddaram) an Ibn Masoud
abdallah ibn masoud reported the Prophet as saying “beware! The extremists perished, saying it three times.” Lesson: extremism is not from the sunnah. What is extremism here? Praying too much, fasting too much – this was more common then. Today‟s extremism is more like people sinning. 2-11-07 Some consider it a hadith, but the majority consider this “athar” or narration from the companions. Haddathana ibn kathir anba‟na sufian he said: “a man wrote to Umar ibn abdul Aziz asking him about Qadar (so notice this isn‟t a hadith, it‟s from umar ibn abdul aziz who was a tabi‟in bc he met with anas ibn malik).
(missing slide) And hannad ibn assari haddathana from qabisah they said: abu raja; told us from abi assalt, and this is the wording of ibn kathir (abu dawood said this part) and their meaning said: “a man wote to umar ibn abdal aziz asking him about Qadar” so he wrote: (we don‟t know the man‟s name, so he‟s unidentified, so it‟s majhool” – usually that makes a hadith weak but in this case, the man is not in the chain of narrators, he is asking umar ibn abdal aziz so it doesn‟t change anything” So the chains work like this (don‟t need to know these) – they all meet at the end at umar ibn abdal aziz Abu dawood hannad Qabisah abu raja abu as-salt Abu dawood mohd ibn kathir sufian abu as-salt Abu dawood arrabi ibn sulaiman asad ibn musa hammad ibn dulail sufian athawri annadr “sufyan said and abi al-salt said “a man wrote to umar ibn adal aziz asking hima bout divine decree. He wrote to him “to begin with, I enjoin upon you to fear Allah, (this is how the prophet began his khutbahs), to be moderate in obeying his command, to follow the sunnah of his prophet and to abadndon the novelties which the innovators introduced after his sunnah has been established and they were saved from its trouble; so stick to the sunnah for it is for you, if Allah chooses, a protection; then you should know that any innovation which the people introducted was refused long before it on the basis of some authority or there was some lesson in it, for the sunnah was introduced by the people who were conscious of the error, slip, foolishness, and extremism in case it was opposed. So accept for yourself what the people in the past has accepted (this outlines a clear methodology – follow the companions) for themselves for they had complete knowledge of whatever tey were informed, and by their penetrating insight they forbade to do prohibited acts; they had more strength (some people today think we‟re better than the companions) than us to disclose the matter of religion, and they were far better than s by virtue of their merits. If right guidance is what you are following, then you outstripped them to it, and if you say whatever they novelty occurred after them was introduced by those who follow the way other then theirs and disliked them, it is they who actually outriped, and talked about it sufficiently, and gave a satisfactory explanation for { } and thus they exaggerated they were on right guidance between that, you have written to me asking about confessions of divine decree, you have indeed approached a person who is well infomed of it, (is this arrogance of umar ibn abdal aziz? No he was asked a question and it‟s permissible to say that he is answering out of knowledge – he may fear that this person may go to someone with less knowledge and be misguided) with the will of Allah, I know that whatever novelty people have brought in, and whatever innovation people have introduced are not more manifested and more established than confession of Divine decree. The ignorant people in preIslamic times have mentioned it; they talked about it in their speeches and in their poetry, they would console themselves for what they lost, and Islam then strengthened it. The apostle of Allah did not mention it in one or two tradition, bu the muslism hear it from him, and talked of it fro him, and they talked of it during his lifetime and after his death. They did so out of belief and submission to their lord and thinking themselves weak. There is nothing which is not surrounded by his knowledge, and not counted by his register and nto destined by his decree. Despite that, it has been strongly mentioned his His book: from it they have derived it, and from it they have learnt it. If you say „why did Allah reveal that verse so and so and why did he say so and so? They also read in it what you read, and they knew its interpretation of which you are ignorant. After that they said: all this is by writing and decreeing. Distress has been written down, and what has been destined will occur; what Allah wills will surely happen, and what He does not will not happen. We have no power to harm or benefit ourselves. Then after they showed interest and were afraid of bad deeds. (this hadith is a way of practicing Islam) The Children of the polytheists Aisha said: “Apostle of Allah! What happens to the offspring of the believers? He replied, they are joined to their parents” I asked “Apostle of Allah! Although they have done nothing?” He replied “Allah knows best what they were doing” (This is also related to Qadar – Allah knows best what happens and what will happens and what would have happened) I asked “what happens to the offspring of polytheists, Apostle of Allah?” He replied “they are joined to their parents.” I asked “Although they have done nothing?” He replied “Allah knows best what they were doing.” Abu dawood mentions another hadith “every child is born muslim but his parents make him jew, Christian, or majoosi” – in Sahih Muslim and Sahih Bukhari, there are other hadiths, too. So do the children of the polytheists go the heaven or hell? There are 8 opinions: 1. based on the conflicting hadith, we stop. We don‟t know the answer. 2. they will go to heaven because Allah says “and we were not punishing until we sent a messenger” 3. they are inbetween (this is one of the weakest opinions – what is in between?) 4. they are in hellfire (following their parents) 5. they will be tested (one of the strongest opinions and it coincides with the general rules of shariah) 6. they will be the servants of the believers in paradise 7. they are under the will of Allah (either heaven or hell 8. ??????????? do the children of the believers go to paradise? they were praying janaza over a dead boy and aisha said “congratulations on paradise” and the Prophet said “how do you know what he would have done?
Anas ibn malik repoted that the Prophet said “the devil flows in a man like his blood.” Story: the prophet was doing itikhaf when saffiya came and they were talking and when two muslim men came and saw the Prophet (saw) with a woman they rushed out, the prophet called them back and said this is my wife. And they were like “oh we‟d never accuse you” and the prophet said this statement. So the majority of scholars including imam nawawi said that the interpretation of this hadith is that shaitan whispers to you constantly to sin and you should not belittle any sin or tolerate any sin. 2-18-07 Book of sunnah continued Ibn abbas said “the P used to seek refuge in Allah for al hasan and al husain saying “I seek refuge for both of you in the perfect words of Allah from every devil and every poisonous thing and from the evil eye which influences” – he would then say “your father sought refuge in Allah by them for ismail and ishaq” Many lessons form this – it is permissible to recite Quran for protection. In this case, for hasan and husein. (When the p was sick, Aysha used to recite Quran and wipe it over his body. ) Confirmation that there is evil eye Confirmation that the P is from the lineage of Ibrahim Confirmation that islam and the religion of ibrahim are one. Lesson is to protect your children. Not just with money, but with teaching them religion and praying for them. Also, one of the main points of the hadith is to refute those who say the Quran is created. Here the P is seeking refuge in the “words of Allah” – if this is a created object, then it is like kufr to seek refuge to it. Is the mus‟haf created? Yes it‟s paper and ink, but the words of the Quran are not created. This was a big fitna. (ahmad never talked to yahya ibn maeen again) Abu dhar repoted the apostle of Allah as saying “he who separates from the community within a span takes off the noose of Islam from his neck.” What does this hadith mean? It means stick with the jama – we should be together and not separate. What is the community? Does it mean the one who follows a minority opinion? No it means following the correct path – sirat al mustaqeen. But everybody claims to follow the straight path – The book of adab What is adab? Using what‟s praised of sayings and actions Being on a good character Stopping at the recommended things Honoring who‟s above you and showing mercy to who‟s below you. Anas said “the apostle of Allah was one of the best of men in character. One day he sent me to do something, and I said “ I swear by Allah that I will not go” but in y heart I fleth that I should go to do what the P had commanded me; so I went out and came upon some boys who were playing. All of a sudden the P who had some up behind caught me by the back of the neck, and when I looked at him he was laughing (smiling). He said “go where I ordered you, little anas (unais – playful name)” – I replied yes I am going apostle of Allah” – I served him 7 years and he never said to me about athing which I had done: why did you do such and such? Nor about a thing which I left: why did you not do such and such. We learn about the great character of the P. this kid disobeyed him and he didn‟t say “how many times are you going to make the same mistake. You never learn. Etc etc.” not only did he not say these things, he came to him smiling and called him “ya unais” – go where I asked you to. Very gentle. Very nice. 3-4-07 Jame at-tirmidhi Mohammad ibn isa ibn surah at-tirmidhi Born in 209 and he died in the year 279 in tirmith (in modern day Uzbekistan) His life – he lost his eyesight at the end of his life – he used to cry out of fear of Allah. Imam bukhari had many students but tirmidhi was like a special student. He traveled a lot and took from many teachers.
His book – al jame3 3956 hadith – approx 4k. His book has 3 advantages: (some scholars consider jamia tirmidhi is the best book of hadith, even if bukhari is better authenticity wise. But jamia tirmidhi, everybody can benefit.) 1 – brief chain of narrators (he briefs them – sometimes there is benefit to the chain, but he makes it easy on you) 2 – he mentions the disagreements of the scholars in regards to fiqh issues (so you have some fiqh opinions in addition to the hadith). 3 – he mentions the defects of the hadith (so at the end, he‟ll give you a verdict on the authenticity of the hadith with reasons. Yes, he was not 100% correct every time, but he often is correct). (some scholars said if you have jami3 tirmidhi from a to z you have the entire religion. This is a little bit of an exaggeration.) Commentaries on the book Tahfat al ahwathi Aridat al ahwathi – abu bakr ibn al arabi (famous maliki scholar) 4-8-07 Book of adab The abomination of hajr What is hajr? Like to abandon someone. Similar in meaning to hijr as well. Narrated abu ayub said “it is not lawful for a muslim to desert his brother over three days, they meet yet he turns and the other turns and the best of them is the one who initiates salam.” this is also in sahih bukhari and sahih muslim What is the meaning of this? does it mean you just say salam to someone? It means more than that – what‟s forbidden is to desert him, so to oppose that you talk to him and reconcile. Why three days? Islam allows someone to have feelings and to be upset, but just for three days. What about when the Prophet said to wahshy to try not to show me your face? This is different, it‟s not a true desertion, also the guy killed his uncle! What about when the three people were deserted for 50 days after the battle of tabuk and nobody talked to them? This is different, this was a matter of deen, and they were waiting for the forgiveness of Allah. This hadith applies to matters of dunya. There was a pious predecessor who said “wallhi I will never speak to you” because he wanted to discipline someone in a matter of deen. About ghibah: Abu hurairah said : the prophet was asked: what is ghibah? He said: “to mention your brother with something he doesn‟t like.” The man asked “what is it is true?” he said “if it‟s true then you committed ghibah and if it‟s false you commited Bhutan. Ghibah is a major sin. Allah gave a description of ghibah – it‟s like you‟re eating the dead flesh of your brother. what‟s Bhutan? Manifest lying. Not only are you saying something about someone that they don‟t like, but you are lying – darkness upon darkness. Exceptions: 1. Injustice done to you – you can complain to the court 2. you want to warn people 3. asking for fatwa – you father your son, etc did such and such, what is the ruling? 4. against the one who doesn‟t shy from committing the sin in public 5. you are position of leadership and you want to enforce the law about hasad – to wish the removal of the blessing from the person. Ibn omar said the prophet said “there is no hasad except in 2 qualities: a man whom Allah gave money so he spends it in the night and in the day, and a man whom Allah gave the Quran so he recites it during the night and during the day.” So if someone got a new job, you shouldn‟t think that they shouldn‟t get it, you should get it. If you see someone and think “oh I wish I had it too” – that‟s not hasad, that‟s ghibta (desire) Is it permissible to wish for someone who these two blessings to have it removed? No, here the hadith says hasad, but it means ghibta. So why did he say hasad? All sorts of ghibta is permissible, but he said hasad to illustrate how hasad is never okay. The eye What‟s the difference between hasad and ayn? Hasad requires intention. “if there were anything to precede Qadar it would‟ve been the eye. And if you were asked to bathe then bathe.”
At the time of the prophet, one of the companions was taking a bath and another companion saw him and said “look at his skin – it‟s like the skin of a girl” and right away the companion passed out. Then the prophet was upset and told him to take a bath and sprinkle the water on the man and he recovered. The eye is true but as a muslim, you should believe that you are strong and the angels will protect you, etc. Sulaiman ibn abd al malik – he was the khalifa and looked in the mirror and said “wow look at you, you are the khalifa” and in a few days he died. Encouragement of writing the will Narrated ibn umar the prophet said “it is not lawful for any muslim to sleep 2 nights while he has something to bequeath except hat his will is written with him.” Ibn omar said after I heard this hadith, I always had my will ready. 4-15-07 Biography of the imam His name: ahmad ibn shuaib inb ali ibn sinan an-nasa‟ee Nasa is a town in khurasan (Afghanistan/eastern iran) – it was called nasa because when the muslims came, the men left (in another narration, the women came out to fight) and the muslims refused to fight. Born 215, died 303 (all the other imams died before 300) His trips: He started traveling to seek knowledge when he was 15 years old. He met with qutaibah ibn sa‟id and stayed with him for 14 months, therefore, he narrated from him 682 hadith in his book. Then he left to Baghdad, al kufah, al basrah, makkah, al madinah, Damascus, and Egypt (he stayed most of his life there). He narrated from about 450 sheikh. Almost the most after imam bukhari. This was due to his traveling – in his travels he also picked up a lot of other knowledge like the qira‟a of the Quran, etc. His description: He was a handsome man He was married to 4 women and he owned female slaves as well. He used to fast every other day. He used to wear beautiful garments. He went to narrate from harith ibn miskeen who looked at him and saw a very handsome nice guy with nice things so he asked him for lots of money and imam nisa‟ee refused and instead went behind the curtain and took them while hiding. But then nisa‟ee never said haddathana harith ibn miskeen because he was pious, he always said an harith. He used to eat a rooster every day and drink raisin juice. He was a righteous man with lots of „ibadah. He used to avoid sitting with the rulers. He was strict in hadith – that‟s why his book in matters of authenticity comes right after bukhari and muslim. Even some narrators in both bukhari and muslim allowed, nisa‟ee did not. His teachers and students Teachers: Qutaibah ibn said Mohammad ibn basher (all the six imams narrated from him) Yunus ibn abd al a‟la (one of the shuyookh of imam bukhari) Students: Abu bakr ibn al haddad – he refused to narrate from anybody except nisa‟ee – he said “this imam is sufficient for me as a connection between me and Allah Abu awanah Abu jafar at-tahawi – wrote that aqeeda al tahawiya At-tabarani Ibn hibban (remember the other scholars died before he did so there was a point where he became the scholar to go to) His trial He went to Damascus, the capital for the ummayad dynasty at the time, the people there still had a grudge against Ali and exaggerated in their love of muawiya. There were people there who always wanted to debate, etc. He wrote a book about the virtues of ali (ra).
They asked him about muawiya and he responded the hadith that once the prophet called him and muawiya kept eating and the prophet said “may his belly not be filled” His book First wrote a book called Sunan al kubra – the big one Then he chose from that book a collection and this is the book that he have now. It‟s called “al mujtaba” He narrated in it from 334 shaikhs. 51 books Starts with tahara and it ends with the book of drinks (kitab al ashrafa) 5754 hadiths in his book approximately, there is no accurate number Imam suyuti wrote a short commentary on this book, but in general, nobody has cared for this book the way we have for the others. 4-22-07 The book of sahu This was mentioned by imam nisai in the book of salat Narrated ibrahim: “alqamah prayed five rakah. So when he did taslim, ibrahim ibn suwaid told him: o abu shib! You prayed five! He said “is that true O one-eyed? Then he prayed two sujuds of sahu and said: that‟s how the prophet did. Alqamah an-nakai is a tabi – the student of ibn masood. This is mursal but it‟s in sahih muslim – the full chain includes ibn masood and comes right after. Ibrahim the narrator is ibrahim ash-shabi, the student of alqamah. Ibrahim ibn suwaid was just another guy who was there. It was common for people to have nicknames. O one eyed was for ibrahim ash-shabi, not ibn suwaid – he was confirming just like the prophet did with the people before him. isn‟t this offensive to call someone one-eyed? It‟s an exception to ghiba if you‟re identifying someone. Just can‟t be offensive otherwise you don‟t. Narrated warred the scribe of al mughairah: mu‟awiyah worte to almughirah asking him to narrate to him something he heard formt eh prophet saw. So al mughirah wrote him back athat the prophet used to say when he finished the prayer: la ilaha illa ilah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahul mulk walahul hamd wahuwa „ala kulli shai‟n Qadir, allahuma la mani‟a lima a‟tait wala mu‟tia lima mana‟t. wala yanfa‟u thaljaddi minkal jadd” Why do you say things after prayer? To perfect your pray, to ask forgiveness for the mistakes in your prayer, that‟s why you say astaghfirallah. subhanallah 33x alhamd 33x allahakbar 33x and lailahillalah 10x. narrated ibn abbas: “the poor came to the messenger saying : “o messenger of allah! Rich people are praying like us, fasting like us, yet they have extra money to give and spend in charity? So the messenger said: “when you pray say subhanallah 33x, al hamdulillah 33x, allahu akbar 33x and la ilaha illallah 10x for you‟ll catch those who preceded and surpass those who‟ll come after you.” T&S. look at the virtue of the companions – they cared about learning the religion and getting rewards. They complained to the prophet they didn‟t have money – why ? so they could buy fancy things? No, they wanted money to give charity and be rewarded for it. The book of funerals Narrated Anas: the prophet took the pledge from women that they should not wail. They said “O messenger of Allah there were women before Islam who wept for us, shouldn‟t we weep for them? He said “there is no wailing in Islam” S The prophet said “la isaada fil islam” and isaada means to make someone happy. So what does it mean to make someone happy? You would please someone by crying for their dead. Why is it forbidden? It shows impatience with the decree of Allah. First, The Prophet took a pledge from women – it shows that he held liability for women. Secondly, it shows that islam erases from what came before. Narrated Anas: The prophet said: “patience is at the first stroke” Patience here is mujmal. It could mean true patience, it could be mean rewarded patience, etc. There was a woman sitting by a grave crying and the Prophet (saw) said to her to have patience and she, not know who the prophet was said “you don‟t know what happened to me.” Later she realized her mistake and went back to the prophet to apologize and he said this hadith: the prophet said that Allah said “whoever lost their dear son and said alhamdulillah, a house will be built for them in jannah” – many people will say that years later, but patience is at the first stroke.
4-29-07 Bio of the imama Mohd ibn yazid ibn majah al qazwini Born 209 died 273 (born in qazwin in Russia, to this day it‟s still called bahr qazween) He loved to seek knowledge from an early age – traveled to iraq, Damascus and eqypt. He took from the companions of imam malik, al laith ibn sad, abu bakr ibn abi shaibah (imam muslim narrated most of his hadiths from him), and others He wrote several books, a book in tafsir, a book in tarikh about the history of the companions but he‟s know for his book of sunan. His other books are lost says sheikh. His book Some scholars didn‟t consider sunan ibn majah as the sixth book due to the weak ahadith that are included in his book. He narrated from some narrators who are weak or accused of lying. They all agree that ibn majah is the lowest of the 6. the scholars that didn‟t take ibn majah as the 6th prefer muwatta imam malik. Some scholars also prefer sunan ad-darimi as the sixth book. The first person to count ibn majah as the sixth book is mohd ibn tahir al maqdisi d. 507. it was relatively late. After abu al-fadl, imam abdul ghani al maqdisi d. 600 (brother of ___, his family was strong in knowledge. Ibn taimiyya said that they were the best of people to inhabit Damascus in knowledge). also considered it the sixth book of sunnah in his book: al kamal fi asma‟ar-rijal (the names of the narrators). After this, it was considered the sixth. The reason they considerd it not the sixth book is because it was weak and they had a point. So why was it included? Because ibn majah added many hadiths to the other 5 whereas muwatta doesn‟t add any hadiths to the other 5. Ibn majah showed his book to abu zura‟h ar-razi who said: “I think if people busied themselves with this book masjids will be idle” – he also said “it doesn‟t‟ have more than 30 weak hadith” – scholars are puzzled with this statement because there are many weak hadiths – maybe he meant 30 fabricated hadiths. By contrast, some scholars say that anything that is not in the 5 books but only in ibn majah is weak – see the contradiction? The total number of ahadith is in his book: 4341 hadith 3002 of them are narrated at least in one of the 5 books. He added 1339 hadith to the 5 imams – amazing. We will discuss these now. Of these ahadith: 428 authentic, 199 hasan, 613 weak. 99 rejected – either forged or very weak. Ibn majah narrated 5 ahadith with 3 men between him and the messenger. All from one chain: Jabarah ibn al mughallis kuthair ibn sulaim anas ibn malik. (but jabarah and kuthair are weak) 3 of them are narrated int eh book of foods, one in the book of zuhd, and the one in the book of medicine (this one is authentic because it was found in other narrations, i.e. By endorsement in tirmidhi - “The night I asceneded to heaven in israh w‟al miraj, every tiem I passed a level, the people in that level asked me to ask my ummah to perform hijama (cupping)”). Commentaries Misbah al zujaja (the glass lamb – why this name? just to rhyme it – misbah al zujaja fi sunan ibn majah)