CARIES VACCINE
Dr.M.Ganesh,MDS(Pediatric Denstistry)
anticaries strategy
combat the microbial agent
to increase tooth resistance
to modify diet
to deliver anticaries/preventive measures
to the public
CHARACTERISTICS OF S.MUTANS
Requires solid non-shedding tooth surface for colonization Synthesizes extra-cellular glucans & mutans to facilitate adherence Produce LTA binding limitation metabolism
VACCINE
Suspension of attenuated or killed microorganisms administered for the prevention, amelioration or treatment of infectious diseases.
HOW IT WORKS
proteins called "antigens" which stimulate the immune response. The resulting immune response is multifold to synthesis "antibodies." In addition, "memory cells" are produced in an immune response
SALIVA
buffering of bacterial acids clearance of organic waste reduction of surface free energy secretion of nonspecific immune factors
such as acidic proline-rich proteins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, mucins, histatins, salivary peroxidase
ANTIBODIES IN SALIVA
IgA- 19.4 mg/100ml IgG- 1.44 mg/100 ml
IgA found in secretions have a special dimeric molecules, linked the J chain (from join), which is a polypeptide of molecular mass 1,5 kD, rich with cysteine
sIgA
Fetal development: around 19 weeks IUL Predentate: between 16-28 weeks Dentate children:Antibodies against S. mutans are usually observed in 1 year old children reaches to adult level by 10 years
How it works
Reduces acid production by mutans streps Prevents formation of glucosyltransference enzymes Inhibits colonization of the organism
Caries & vaccination
IgA deficiency-1:1000 individuals which has been associated with dental caries Panhypo-or agammaglobulinemia Secretory IgA antibody against S. mutans. Naturally-induced antibodies in children.
Routes of administration
Oral route which stimulates mucosal system of intestinal tract Systemic route Gingivo-salivary route enhances localization of effect direct injection lavage with live organisms
Synthetic peptides Coupling with: cholera non-toxic proteins avirulent strains of salmonella Liposomes or artificial membrane vesicles for targetted delivery
Antigens
Whole cross-reactive with heart muscle, especially the cardiolipin of the sarcolemma sheaths Glucosyltransferases Adhesins Dextranase Glucan-binding proteins Surface polymers
Passive immunization
Maternal immunization Bovine milk Egg yolk Monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb), are antibodies of a single specificity which are produced by cells derived from a single B-cell clone.