The Genitive Singular of Nouns and Adjectives - All Paradigms - PDF

							The Genitive Singular of Nouns and Adjectives - All Paradigms
(the forms of the demonstrative pronoun ten, ta, to for each gender are in parentheses) Hard Adjective + Noun Masc. An. Masc.In. Fem. bez (toho) dobrého pána bez (toho) dobrého hradu (lesa) bez (té) dobré ženy Soft Adjective + Noun

bez zvláštního muže,ucitele bez zvláštního stroje bez zvláštní ruže bez zvláštní písne bez zvláštní kosti

Neut.

bez (toho) dobrého mesta

bez zvláštního more bez zvláštního znamení

bez zvláštního kurete Rules to remember: The Czech Genitive is roughly equivalent to the English preposition 'of' used with a noun: mnoho vody, hodne práce, moc jídla (lots of water, a lot of work, plenty of food), etc. The Genitive and Accusative of masculine animate nouns are the same: Eva má velkého psa (Acc). Krome toho velkého psa (Gen) má taky cerného kocoura (Acc). Masculine inanimate hard nouns take mostly the ending --u in the Genitive; some, however, take the ending --a (bez lesa, kostela, hrbitova, etc.). Jdeme do domu, do parku, do obchodu, ale jedeme do lesa, do dvora, do kostela, etc. The Genitive of both hard and soft Adjectives is the same for masculine and neuter gender. Hard adjectives take the ending --ého, soft adjectives take the ending --ího. Priletím z deštivého podzimního New Yorku zítra vecer. Jedeme do malého universitního mesta. For the paradigms ruže, more and znamení the Genitive equals the Nominative: bez ruže, bez more, bez znamení Prepositions which take the Genitive: bez = without místo = instead of do = to, into, till krome = besides, in addition to, with the exception of od = from, since vedle = next to z, ze = of, from, out of kolem, okolo = around, about u = at, by

Prepositions Taking the Genitive - Examples:
bez = without Nemužeš tu knihu císt bez slovníku. (You cannot read that book without a dictionary.) Bez vody se nemužeme obejít. (We cannot do without water.) Bez auta nemohu jet do Detroitu. (I cannot go to Detroit without a car.) do = to, into, till Jdu do školy. (I am going to school.) Uložím tu knihu do zásuvky. (I will put that book into a drawer.) Budu doma do pátku. (I’ll be at home till Friday.) od = from, since, by Dostanu tu knihu od kamaráda. (I’ll get that book from a friend.) Od srpna pracuju. (I work since August.) Ctu román od Kundery. (I am reading a novel by Kundera.) u = at, by Sedíme u stolu. (We are sitting at the table.) Karel obycejne parkuje u knihovny. (Karel usually parks by the library.) z (ze) = from Delám kolác z cukru, z mouky, z másla a z mléka. (I make a cake from sugar, flour, butter and milk.) Jedeme z mesta pozde vecer . (We go from the city late at night.) kolem/okolo = around, about Máme kolem zahrady plot. (We have a fence around the garden) Prijdu domu kolem jedné. (I’ll come home around 1 p.m.) vedle = next to, beside Sedím vedle Michala. (I sit next to Michal.) Universitní knihovna je vedle té vysoké budovy. (The University library is next to that high building.) místo = instead of Snídá mléko místo kávy. (He/she has milk instead of coffee for breakfast.) krome = except, with the exception of Všichni krome Karla pujdou dnes do kina. (All, with the exception of Karel, will go to the movies today.) All the above prepositions take only the Genitive. za = during a certain period of time za presidenta Roosevelta = during the Roosevelt’s presidency, za vlády Karla ctvrtého = during the reign of Charles the Fourth, za noci = during the night, prijedeme za tmy = we’ll arrive when it’s already dark. The preposition za takes other cases as well. It can also have a different meaning (behind or instead).