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Thermal energy storage in the Dogger aquifer of the Paris basin based on geothermal experience S. Lopez1, A. Menjoz1, H. Lesueur1, D. Bruel2, E. Cordier2, P. Goblet2, B. Bourbiaux3, L. Nabzar3, F. Bugarel4, E. Lasne4, M. Galas5 1 2 3 4 5 Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy 27 - 29 May 2009 Paris basin Perrodon, Zabeck 1990 in Delmas et al. 2002 fresh water saline water BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 >2 the « Dogger » aquifer BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 >3 geothermal operations in the Paris basin BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 >4 reservoir temperature productive thickness relative transmissivity (multi-criteria analysis) potential BRGM/GTH all maps from Rojas et al., 1989 >5 Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 the « doublet » technology BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 >6 reversing the geothermal loop supply TO heat network heat exchanger geothermal doublet BWT = f(t) BWT ~ 65° C supply FROM heat network supply TO heat network heat exchanger seasonal heat storage heat exchanger summer winter BWT = f(t) BWT ~ 90° C BWT ~ 40° C BWT = f(t) cold well BRGM/GTH hot well cold well hot well Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 >7 orders of magnitude (single well) target P ≈ 20 MW ∆T = 50°C 3 1 f C f ≈ 4. MJ/m / °C h Darcy front Q cold/hot injection Q ≈ 350 m 3 /h no dispersion adiabatic reservoir typical Dogger values thermal front particles front RDy Qt = πh a ρfCf Rth = R ρ a Ca Dy Ca ≈ 2.5 MJ/m3 / °C Rth = 237 m R part . = 1 ω RDy h ≈ 10 m ω ≈ 15% R part . = 479 m Q = 250 m 3 / h t = 6 months RDy = 185 m BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 >8 equations flow heat (reservoir) hanging wall (reservoir) ∆p = 0 analytical solution (well as alternative point sink/source with flow rate Q) ρ a Ca ρ a Ca ∂T + ∇ ⋅ u ρ f C f T − D∇ T = 0 ∂t ∂T − λa ∆ = 0 ∂t ( ) D = λa 1 + ρ f C f u β β L = 20 m βT = 1 m BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 >9 storage scenario distance between wells constant flow rate reservoir net pay D = 960 m = 4 Rth Q = 250 m / h 3 h = 10 m 1 cycle = 6 months storage at Q 6 months recovery at Q Tcold = 45°C Treservoir = 65°C Thot = 90°C D = 960 m D ≈ 4 Rth BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 10 cycle 1 – end of heat storage hot well (vertical section) cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 11 cycle 1 – end of heat recovery hot well (vertical section) final production temperature cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 12 cycle 5 – end of heat storage hot well (vertical section) final production temperature cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 13 cycle 5 – end of heat recovery hot well (vertical section) final production temperature cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 14 cycle 10 – end of heat storage hot well (vertical section) final production temperature cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 15 cycle 10 – end of heat recovery hot well (vertical section) final production temperature cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 16 cycle 30 – end of heat storage hot well (vertical section) final production temperature cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 17 cycle 30 – end of heat recovery hot well (vertical section) final production temperature cold well (vertical section) aerial view temperature (° C) left well right well BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 18 recovered temperature/power constant flow rate Q=250 m3/h distance between wells D=960m=4Rth 1 cycle = 6 months storage / 6 months recovery BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 19 recovered temperature/power constant flow rate Q=250 m3/h distance between wells D=960m=4Rth 1 cycle = 6 months storage / 6 months recovery BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 20 stored/recovered energy stored energy system efficiency reservoir efficiency with the reservoir natural temperature as the reference temperature (Treservoir=65° C) BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 21 impact of distance between wells D = 720 m D ≈ 3Rth D = 960 m D ≈ 4 Rth BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 22 impact of distance between wells BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 23 impact of longer initial heat storage recovered power during first cycle mean recovered power for each cycle BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 24 impact of longer initial heat storage recovering more energy… …but less than half the excess stored compared with a 6 months initial storage BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 25 testing various exploitation patterns cycle 10 - end of heat storage temperature (° C) 1440 1440 cycle 10 - end of heat storage temperature (° C) 960 960 480 480 0 0 -480 -480 -960 -960 -1440 -1440 -960 -480 0 480 960 -1440 1440 -1440 -960 -480 0 480 960 1440 BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 26 testing various exploitation patterns heat storage hydraulic head (m) 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 -500 -1000 -1500 -2000 -2500 -2500 -2000 -1500 -1000 -500 PUITS FROID PUITS CHAUD PUITS FROID PUITS CHAUD heat storage hydraulic head (m) 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 -500 -1000 -1500 -2000 -2500 -2500 -2000 -1500 -1000 -500 COLD WELL HOT WELL HOT WELL COLD WELLL 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 27 related aspects • some already densely exploited areas (cold water bodies are present around injectors) • location near existing heat networks Lemale, 1987 BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 28 related aspects possible impacts of aquifer heterogeneities on the cold front geometry geostatistical simulation of Dogger heterogeneity (BRGM/GEO/CAR) Sauty et al. 1982 BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 29 related aspects high importance of water chemistry: • traditional corrosion/scaling effects • impact of high temperature around hot well • impact of flow reversal impact of 2 years exploitation at artesian flow rates pictures courtesy of BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 30 further work/perspectives > refining simulations • • • impact of realistic demand curves temperature from heat network) – varying exploitation flow rates (possible pauses, return impact of geological heterogeneities impact of water chemistry > role of heat storage in optimal geothermal > first plant design • management of the Dogger aquifer geostocal - ANR project – high injection temperature (>80°C) BRGM/GTH Deep Saline Aquifers for Geological Storage of CO2 and Energy - May 2009 > 31
