MountRainier

Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite Abstract This paper provides information about the industry progress on Mount Rainier and explains the functionality of the “EasyWrite Validation Suite” for the Microsoft® Windows® family of operating systems. It provides guidelines on tools and good practices for IHVs, ISVs, and PC-OEMs to test and validate Mount Rainier compliant solutions. Manufacturers should actively use these tools and practices to secure that these solutions fit the requirements correctly, allowing a consistent rollout of the Mount Rainier solution. Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Market Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Objectives of Mount Rainier ..................................................................................................................... 3 The Mount Rainier Solution ...................................................................................................................... 3 The Mount Rainier Companies ................................................................................................................ 4 Promoters ............................................................................................................................................ 4 Contributors ......................................................................................................................................... 4 Adopters .............................................................................................................................................. 4 Availability of Specifications ..................................................................................................................... 4 The Mount Rainier Test Tools and Methods ................................................................................................. 4 Tools.......................................................................................................................................................... 4 Drive Tool ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Test Discs............................................................................................................................................ 6 Disc Format Verifier ............................................................................................................................ 8 Planned Tool Updates ........................................................................................................................ 8 EasyWrite Requirements ............................................................................................................................... 8 The EasyWrite Logo ................................................................................................................................. 8 Benefits of EasyWrite ............................................................................................................................... 8 Simple.................................................................................................................................................. 8 Fast ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 Robust ................................................................................................................................................. 9 How to Obtain EasyWrite Qualification .................................................................................................... 9 Recorders ............................................................................................................................................ 9 Readers ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Software ............................................................................................................................................ 10 Media ................................................................................................................................................. 10 Call to Action and Resources ...................................................................................................................... 10 Acronyms and Terms ................................................................................................................................... 11 Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 2 Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Author's Disclaimer and Copyright: Copyright Philips Components B.V., The Netherlands, 2000. All information is provided AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. WinHEC Sponsors’ Disclaimer: The contents of this document have not been authored or confirmed by Microsoft or the WinHEC conference co-sponsors (hereinafter “WinHEC Sponsors”). Accordingly, the information contained in this document does not necessarily represent the views of the WinHEC Sponsors and the WinHEC Sponsors cannot make any representation concerning its accuracy. THE WinHEC SPONSORS MAKE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS INFORMATION. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 3 Introduction Market Overview The market for CD-rewritable drives and media has grown dramatically in past years and the drives have become a standard device for home PCs. DVD+RW drives are following in the footsteps of this development, mainly driven by the consumers’ excitement around creating their own DVDs from their personal video recordings. Attachment rates in the segment of office PCs are still lagging relative to home PCs. One of the reasons for this is the lack of a simple, compatible way to store data files on CD and DVD media. This is the problem Mount Rainier was launched to solve. Objectives of Mount Rainier The objectives of the Mount Rainier initiative were to make it as easy as possible to store data files on CD-RW and DVD+RW. The target was to make these drives work in the same transparent way as a hard disk or a floppy drive. This requires drive letter access and drag-and-drop functionality, natively supported within the operating system. The Mount Rainier Solution A new technology had to be developed to fulfill these objectives. The key building blocks of the solution are explained below. For a more in-depth description, see the white paper “Mount Rainier: Drag&Drop Data on CD-RW” in the WinHEC 2000 proceedings. 1. Physical defect management by the drive: The responsibility for handling physical defects is where the defects can be handled optimally: inside the drive. Otherwise, file-systems (and/or applications) need to have knowledge of drive/media defect characteristics and capabilities, which are more complex. CD-ROMs will be able to read Mount Rainier compliant discs through a generic read-driver, allowing read-back in legacy systems. Logical write-addressing at 2K: Current CD-RW requires a block size of 64K, while most data systems are based on 2K or 4K addressing capabilities. The Mount Rainier functionality has defined 2K logical addressing as a mandatory support requirement for drives. This will allow file-system and caching capabilities of the host to be transparent for the media-related block size. Background formatting: "Time to use" is one of the key improvement areas of Mount Rainier, adding high value to the end user. With current CD-RW, the user must wait for the formatting process to complete before writing data to a new disc. The Mount Rainier specification will allow a user to drag and drop data within seconds after insertion and spin-up of the disk. Invisible to the host, a background formatting sequence will be performed by the drive. Fast eject is possible, keeping full compatibility with CD-ROM readers. Command-set implementation: Mount Rainier compliant drives need to implement a mandatory command set for data use, fitting MMC-3 structure. 2. 3. 4. WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 4 5. Compatibility: The focus is on the compatibility of the solution with future and existing hardware platforms. This includes CD-ROM read compatibility for systems with native operating system support and for legacy systems. For the latter case, a generic read-driver will be made available. Standardization: It is important to reduce the need for vendor-related legacy support. This will be handled by three paths: ● Drive/media level by specifications from the Mount Rainier group. ● Interface level standardization through MMC. ● Drive level support through WHQL. 6. The Mount Rainier Companies Promoters The Mount Rainier work was started by a group of four companies, the promoters: Compaq Computer Corporation (now Hewlett-Packard Corporation), Microsoft Corporation, Royal Philips Electronics, and Sony Corporation of America. Contributors Over forty companies joined the review and finalization of the specifications. These included leaders among the IHVs, ISVs, as well as makers of ICs, operating systems, and media. Adopters A large number of companies have signed up for a free license to use the specifications to develop their products. Availability of Specifications The Mount Rainier specifications have been developed for CD-RW and DVD+RW (12 cm and 8 cm). These are called CD-MRW and DVD+MRW, respectively, where MRW stands for Mount Rainier Writable. The following books are available from the licensing office of Philips, which handles the licensing on behalf of the Mount Rainier group. For further information, go to www.mt-rainier.org.  CD-MRW Defect Management and Physical Formatting, version 1.1, August 2001. DVD+MRW Defect Management and Physical Formatting, version 1.1, October 2002. The command-set definition is already integrated in the MMC-3 command-set specification at www.t10.org. The Mount Rainier Test Tools and Methods To secure a consistent rollout of compliant and compatible products, the Mount Rainier group has developed test tools and processes. Tools There are three types of test tools: the Drive Tool, the Test Discs, and the Disc Format Verifier. WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 5 Drive Tool This software tool was created by Philips and PIMC, a Belgian contributor to the Mount Rainier group, and is available from Philips (it can be ordered at http://www.licensing.philips.com). It is designed to verify the functionality and robustness of the recording drive. It is supplied with three types of scripts. Each type has one version for CD-MRW and one for DVD+MRW: Command Set: Tests the MMC-3 version of the MRW command set by checking the presence of the MRW feature and the commands needed by that feature. Also, a background format is started and an early eject is done. For 12 cm DVD+RW, both the “normal use” and “extensive use” options are tested. Rock&Roll Light: Checks the random 2K addressing, the random read/write to disc, and the flush-cache and eject. It can be used with any blank or defected disc. The test ends after a fixed number of actions. The typical run time is three hours on a 10X CD-MRW drive. For 4X DVD+RW media, it will be about four hours. Read/write actions: DVD Light Rock&Roll script 160000 140000 Physical Block Number 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Read/write action 80 90 100 110 120 Write Read Read/write actions: CD Light Rock&Roll script 48000 42000 Physical Block Number 36000 30000 24000 18000 12000 6000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Read/write action 80 90 100 110 120 Write Read The Rock&Roll Light scripts do read/write/pause actions in a random order and size, and an eject/load action at regular intervals. The total number of actions is fixed. The read and write actions are done progressively in a random way from WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 6 lower to higher logical block addresses in four loops (for 120 mm media). The write actions leave lots of area between the written user data. Rock&Roll Heavy: The Rock&Roll Heavy scripts work in the same way, but here the read and write actions progress slowly in a random way from lower to higher logical block addresses, all blocks are written and read a number of times. For DVD+MRW regular writes and reads are done to the area with low logical block numbers (“file system area”). The many writes to this area may invoke DOW defects. The run time is similar as for the Rock&Roll Light script. Read/write actions: CD Heavy Rock&Roll script 10000 Physical Block Number 8000 6000 4000 Write 2000 Read 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Read/write action 80 90 100 110 120 Test Discs These test discs have been developed by, and are available from, Philips (they can be ordered at http://www.licensing.philips.com/). There are three types of test discs. They are all the same brand, but differ in the amount of defects that have been printed on them. The CD-RW discs are currently HS-RW (High-Speed ReWritable), but US-RW (Ultra-Speed ReWritable) will be available soon.  The CD-RW and DVD+MRW Blank Disc have no defects and are used for reference. WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 7 Hea vy fing erprint 2 mm bla ck dot CD-MRW Verification Defect Dis c 1.5 mm s qua re s cra tch  The CD-MRW and DVD+MRW Verification Defect Test Discs have very heavy defects. The main purpose is to maximize the interchange capability between MRW drives. It is used to verify the ability of drives to read/write across big defects and to handle the caching and the defect table. They have three defects: a 1.5 mm square scratch, a 2.0 mm black dot, and a heavy fingerprint. The CD-MRW and DVD+MRW Calibration Defect Test Discs have defects at the limits of what a ROM drive can handle. Its purpose is to optimize the ROM compatibility and fine tune defect management detection. It has the following five defects: One triangular scratch (1.45 mm), three black dots (0.3 mm, 0.7 mm, 1.1 mm), and a fingerprint. WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 8 0.3 mm black dot Normal fingerprint 1.1 mm black dot 0.7 mm black dot CD-MRW Calibration Defect Disc 1.45 mm triangular scratch Disc Format Verifier This software tool was developed and made available by Eclipse Data Technologies. It is a rule-based verification tool, which determines if the logical format on the disc is according to the MRW specifications. Planned Tool Updates The tools for CD-MRW have been available and in use since the middle of 2002. The tools for DVD+MRW will be released in the middle of 2003. EasyWrite Requirements The EasyWrite Logo Philips created the EasyWrite name and logo to facilitate the marketing and promotion of the Mount Rainier solution. Adopters of MRW can use the name and logo under the condition that the promoted products are tested and validated in the following way. Benefits of EasyWrite EasyWrite makes storing data files on a CD-RW and DVD+RW simple, fast, and robust. Simple An EasyWrite-capable host will handle EasyWrite discs just like its hard disk. The users can instantly drag and drop files to the EasyWrite media and back to the hard disk. It is also possible to save files from within an application directly to the EasyWrite disc by using the drive letter access. WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 9 Fast Take a new CD-RW or DVD+RW disc out of the box, insert it into the drive, and within seconds you can start dragging and dropping data. The drive handles formatting in the background so that the user is not disturbed by it. Even if you eject the disc before background formatting is complete, the disc is still readable in all MultiRead CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives. Robust EasyWrite embodies a dramatically improved defect management system. This makes it far more robust toward dirt and scratches than current packet-writing applications. How to Obtain EasyWrite Qualification The following is provided for information only. The formal requirements for obtaining the right to use the EasyWrite logo can be found at www.mt-rainier.org. Recorders EasyWrite qualification and the right to use the EasyWrite logo can be obtained if the following tests are passed: For CD-MRW drives: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Command Script with Blank Disc Rock&Roll Light with Blank Disc Rock&Roll Light with MRW Verifier Disc Rock&Roll Heavy with Blank Disc Rock&Roll Heavy with MRW Verifier Disc All tests must be completed with “Pass” results. For DVD+MRW drives: All CD-MRW tests and the same for DVD+MRW. B la nk CD-R W E a s yWrite tes ts CD-MR W drive CD-MR W drive CD-R W defect Verifica tion dis cs B la nk DVD+R W MRW tes ts uite comma nd s et tes t Lig ht R &R tes t Hea vy R &R tes t MRW dis c verifier DVD+MR W DVD-R OM If OK then CD-MR W / DVD+MR W drive is qua lified for E a s yWrite log o DVD+MR W drive DVD+R W defect Verifica tion dis cs WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 10 After each test, the resulting disc must be verified with the Disc Format Verifier and result must be ”Pass”. For instructions on how to apply for the EasyWrite logo, go to www.mt-rainier.org. Readers Readers, that is, CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives, do not require formal validation. However, the MRW Calibration Disc can be used to verify their performance. Software Software applications and operating systems must comply with the MRW specifications and fulfill the following test requirements to qualify for the EasyWrite logo:      Feature: Format: Support the MRW feature (to detect MRW capability). Support the FORMAT UNIT command (format code 001b or format type 24h, MRW format types). Addressing: Switching LBA space UA vs. GA-MRW mode page 03h. Early Eject: Read: Support use of CLOSE TRACK SESSION command (close function 2) and START/STOP UNIT, in that sequence. READ10/READ12 with support for sense code 02/04/07 (when command execution takes longer than seven seconds). WRITE10/WRITE12 with support for sense code 02/04/08 (long write in progress, retry needed).    Write: Media-wear: SMART feature handling. Content: Install a solution in GAA, which allows reading MRW discs in a PC environment with a non-MRW capable CD or DVD Multiread drive. Works at least on all operating systems, which the EasyWrite application supports. For instructions on how to apply for the EasyWrite logo, see www.mt-rainier.org. Media Media vendors can use the EasyWrite name and logo for:  CD-RW media that is compliant with the Orange Book Part III. DVD+RW media that is compliant with the DVD+RW Physical Specifications. Call to Action and Resources Call to Action: For system manufacturers: Require your suppliers to support MRW and make sure that their products are EasyWrite compliant. For device manufacturers: Follow the instructions in this whitepaper on EasyWrite test tools and methods for recorders and readers. For ISVs and OS vendors: Follow the instructions in this whitepaper on EasyWrite test tools and methods for software. WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 11 Feedback: To provide feedback about the tools presented, please send e-mail to eggert.gudmundsson@philips.com. Acronyms and Terms Main abbreviations used: cmd: command FS: file system IHV: independent hardware vendor ISV: independent software vendor MMC: MultiMedia Command set MRW: Mount Rainier Writable OS: operating system WinHEC 2003 Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference