09.doc - Collegiate Quiz Bowl Pac

							VCU Open 2008—Round 9—Tossups

1. This man pondered the implications of biotechnology in Our Posthuman Future and wrote
about “social virtues” in the book Trust. Jacques Derrida’s Specters of Marx accuses this man of
being a poor rehasher of Alexandre Kojève, who had posited in the 1950s that the United States
was the fulfillment of communism. Azar Gat says that the “authoritarian capitalism” model,
which Gat places in contemporary China and Russia, disproves this man’s major thesis. He has
clarified that he did not mean to laud the United States, but rather saw the European Union as the
likely beneficiary of the situation described in his 1989 article in The National Interest. For 10
points, name this theorist who argued that representative democracies and capitalistic economies
would soon be unchallenged worldwide in his The End of History.
ANSWER: Francis Fukuyama

2. This expression can be simplified by using the Bates-Guggenheim convention, which states
that a certain value is equal to 1.5 Alternatives to this equation include ones named for Pitzer and
Davies, the later of which is used in when molarity is between 0.1 and 0.5. An extended form of
this equation takes into account ion size parameter, and Brownian motion was accounted for in an
improvement to it made by Lars Onsager. This equation states that the log of a dimensionless
quantity symbolized f or gamma decreases linearly with the square root of ionic strength. For 10
points, name this doubly-eponymous equation used to calculate activity coefficients.
ANSWER: Debye-Hückel equation

3. This book criticizes the Cartesian shift from viewing the mind as equivalent to reason to
conceiving of an “inner arena” and relies on earlier critiques of “givenness” put forth by Wilifred
Sellars. It borrows from Thomas Kuhn for its idea of what is “normal” and critiques the “veiled
foundationalism” being practiced by other thinkers. Laying out its author’s attempt at
“therapeutic” or “edifying” philosophy, this text calls for the abandonment of focus on semantics
and “pseudo-problems” and a move to pragmatic thought. For 10 points, name this 1979 polemic
written by Richard Rorty.
ANSWER: Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature

4. In this work, the witch doctor Dastardos puts any being who is sick for a prolonged amount of
time out of its misery, while cannibalism among the title creatures produces the "doughnut of
life." The “sour” characters in this game will eat seeds, while other destructive forces include the
Ruffians, under the leadership of the shovel-wielding Professor Pester, who can be fended off
with the Captain’s Cutlass. The genderless mating in this game produces eggs as long as the
player gets through a maze in the accompanying minigame. Such species as the Rashberry and
Shellybeans comprise the main characters in this game, who begin in black-and-white and add
color when they settle on a permanent residence. The goal is to arrange one’s garden in order to
best attract the title creatures. For 10 points, name this Rare-developed game on the Xbox 360, in
which the player cultivates festive, candy-filled Mexican birthday toys.
ANSWER: Viva Piñata

5. The appearance of the conodont Siphonodella sulcata separates this period from its
predecessor, which saw the formation of a landmass known as the Old Red Continent. Ages
during this period that are named for Russian cities include the Moscovian and Gzhelian. This
geological period saw insects begin to fly and the first amniotes, including synapsids. Occurring
from approximately 360 million to 290 million years ago, it followed the Devonian and was the
fifth and final period of the Paleozoic Era. For 10 points, name this period that is divided into
Mississippian and Pennsylvanian subperiods, and is named for some rich deposits of coal.
ANSWER: Carboniferous period
6. One character in this book invents a hydraulic cement system and valves for controlling floods,
but is unable to profit due to lack of patents, and after Agnes drowns in a canal in this work,
Frank Sargent kills himself. This book ends with a dream about Ada Hawkes being put in the
hospital. The main character of this novel keeps a diary of his activities so that his son Rodman, a
sociology professor, cannot have him declared incompetent. A resident of Zodiac Cottage, that
protagonist discovers that a woman who married the editor of Scribner’s, Augusta Drake, was
likely involved in a lesbian relationship with his grandmother. The bulk of this novel describes
the marriage of Susan and Oliver Ward, narrated by their grandson, the retired history professor
Lyman. For 10 points, name this novel by Wallace Stegner.
ANSWER: Angle of Repose

7. Moore and Hahn developed constitutive equations for substances with this property, while
Green and Weltman used hysteresis loops to study it. Pronounced in systems containing non-
spherical particles, this phenomenon is associated with the Bingham equation and is typically
caused by the breakdown of flocs. The term rheopexy is sometimes used to denote the anti form
of this property, which can apply to a type of non-Newtonian fluid whose viscosity decreases
over time as a result of a constant shear rate. For 10 points, name this reversible property
exhibited by certain gels, such as ketchup, that are capable of becoming liquid when disturbed,
and return to a semi-solid state upon standing.
ANSWER: thixotropy [accept word variants, such as thixotropic]

8. After one character in this play claims to have had a dream of an angel telling him to leave,
another responds that it must have been a pagan god. Another character refuses to eat any food
purchased with “the devil’s money” in this play, leading to the death of Mary Rua. Some
merchants appear after Shemus makes three entreaties for the demons of the woods to come to his
house, after the departure of the title figure, who regrets not carrying more money and invites the
peasants to come to the castle the next day for more charity. Aleel and Oona both realize they
cannot live without the title character, who ends the local trade in souls by selling her own for
half a million crowns. For 10 points, name this play about the infernal response to a famine in
Ireland, written by W.B. Yeats.
ANSWER: The Countess Cathleen

9. A document issued by someone who gave himself this title was to implement racial equality,
independence, and a ban on non-Catholic religions, and a man was swept into this office on the
Army of the Three Guarantees. That person was the first to hold this title and had earlier fought
off José María Morelos at Valladolid before issuing the Iguala Plan. The second person to hold
this title was married to the insane Carlota and was executed at Querétaro over the protestations
of Victor Hugo and Giuseppe Garibaldi. For 10 points, name this office allegedly held by Agustin
de Iturbide and Maximilian in a Latin American country.
ANSWER: Emperor of Mexico
10. One of his works opens with the title character having a dream about a snakebite, then going
to church and falling in love with Panfilo. In a narrative poem by this author, a man tries to kill
himself after seeing a vision of a boar attacking his beloved, but is stopped by Pandaro. Hector
prevents the populace from burning down a house at the start of that poem, in which the main
female character is traded for Antenor. In addition to that basis for Shakespeare’s Troilus and
Cressida, he wrote about a crazy guy who pretends to kill his children and makes his wife prepare
for his wedding to another woman, and recounted such plots as “Tancred and the Golden Cup”
and “The Pot of Basil.” For 10 points, name this author of Fiametta and Il Filostrato, who
included the story of Griselda in his book about people fleeing the plague and telling stories, the
Decameron.
ANSWER: Giovanni Boccaccio

11. A concept crucial to this book is defined in four parts, as having an agent, an end, a situation,
and a relation. It advances the theory of a "normative orientation" between goals and chosen
methods, meaning that, apart from what the author calls “error,” the choice of means to achieve a
given desire is not random. Its introduction is labeled “The Problem” and asks “Who anymore
reads Spencer?”, and its first chapter explains the “unit act,” which is analogized to the iron atom
making up the bridge that is the title entity. For 10 points, name this work of structural-
functionalist sociology, written by Talcott Parsons.
ANSWER: The Structure of Social Action

12. SILAC is a method used to quantify this process, which is controlled by the enzyme SUV39.
The CheR protein helps catalyze it when it occurs on certain chemotaxis proteins receptors.
Detected by bisulphite sequencing, this process can be inhibited by the binding of SeqA. Silenced
heterochromatin is a result of this process on lysine 9 of the histone H3 tail, and it can lead to
inactivation of an X chromosome in female mammals. This process occurs to the CpG island in
sufferers of fragile X syndrome, and in post-replication repair, it occurs via DAM on newly
replicated DNA strands. For 10 points, name this process that is responsible for genomic
imprinting and attaches its namesake CH3 groups.
ANSWER: methylation

13. He was a frequent subject of editorials in La Libre Parole, the newspaper of Édouard
Drumont. Senator Auguste Scheurer-Kestner and journalist Joseph Reinach were among this
man’s allies. Despite the forgeries of Hubert Henry, Georges Picquart continued to work on this
man’s behalf. Twenty thousand copies of Aurore were sold after that newspaper became involved
in his cause. Handwriting analysis eventually showed that Frederic Esterhazy, and not this man,
was the true culprit. For 10 points, name this man defended in Emile Zola’s J’Accuse, a Jewish
officer in the French army accused of spying for Germany.
ANSWER: Alfred Dreyfus
14. The narrator of this book believes that everyone has a sword used on special occasions,
because he was given a sword in celebration after the defeat of Napoleon. That man wants to
enters politics after dumping his girlfriend for being lame in the leg, but his proposed respectable
wife marries Lobo Neves instead. A mysterious package of cash becomes the trust fund for Dona
Placida, and the main character begins an affair with Virgilia, in this book. A beggar who appears
more prominently in another novel by the same author steals the watch of this novel’s
protagonist. In addition to that minor appearance of Quincas Borba, this novel boasts a frame
narrative in which a man who contracts pneumonia at age sixty-five and dies decides only then to
write his autobiography. For 10 points, name this novel by Joaqim Machado de Assis.
ANSWER: The Posthumous Memories of Brás Cubas [or Epitaph of a Small Winner; or
Memórias póstumas de Bras Cubas]

15. This action was made easier by internal strife in the targeted region, caused by Mulay Abu
Hassan and Abdullah az-Zagal. It became inevitable after the capture of Ronda, Almeria, and
Malaga, and this action marked the end of the Nasrid Dynasty when it caused the exile of
Muhammad XI Boabdil. The treaty legitimizing this event contained provisions for the protection
of Jews and Muslims which were almost immediately ignored. For 10 points, name this last
action of the Reconquista, a 1492 movement by Ferdinand and Isabella into the location of the
Alhambra and last Muslim kingdom in Western Europe.
ANSWER: the capture of Granada by Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella [accept anything that
gets the point across]

16. This piece quotes from a popular music hall tune of the day, “My rock of Saint-Malo” and
contain such humorous lyrics as “It was a very nice rock! Very sticky!” Its second movement
contains an intentionally poorly played attempt at part of Chopin’s Funeral March, while a
section of this work marked “like a nightingale with a toothache” is a parody of Rossini, and the
whole work ends with a pastiche on Beethoven’s Eighth. Its movements are titled for such things
as an “Edriophthalma” and a “Holothurian” or sea cucumber. For 10 points, scientific specimens
of various crustaceans inspired what comedic composition of Erik Satie?
ANSWER: Dessicated Embryos or Embryons desséchés [accept similar translations]

17. This place is seen next to an arrow that moves along a map, representing the hurricane that
just misses it. Eventually, people parade through its streets holding pictures of a corpse with the
words “for justice” written on them. Landmarks in this place include the Hotel of the Rich Men,
and Joe is killed by Trinity Moses in a boxing match held here. It is founded by a group including
Leocadia Begbick, and Jenny Smith brings a gaggle of prostitutes here from Oklahoma. Alaska
Wolf Joe and Bank Account Bill are among its residents, as is Paul Ackermann. For 10 points,
name this place where Jimmy Gallagher is sentenced to death for having no money, a conurbation
created by Kurt Weill and Bertolt Brecht in a play about its “rise and fall.”
ANSWER: the City of Mahogany

18. This artist depicted a white dog with brown ears and patches which has just received a bath in
the bucket on the left in Barbaro After the Hunt. In another of this painter’s works, a few obscure
figures watch the scene from the hill on the top right, while one building can be seen in the
distance on the left. In the foreground, men in white and blue-green shirts attempt to control their
animals, with a brown one rearing up in the center to the left of a group of white ones. For 10
points, name this painter of The Horse Fair, who had to wear pants and disguise herself as a man
in order to gain access to her subjects.
ANSWER: Marie Rosalie "Rosa" Bonheur
19. Epicharis mentioned this plan to a naval officer, but did not give details under torture. The
secretary Epaphroditos was finally informed of it by Milichus, and its members were thwarted
before they could begin to implement this agenda. This scheme was to culminate with Faenius
Rufus presenting the namesake senator to the Praetorian Guard, and its other members included
Sulpicius Asper and Subrius Flavus. Its most notable outcome may have been the forced suicides
of such literary figures as Lucan, Petronius, and Seneca. For 10 points, name this failed plot to
overthrow Nero.
ANSWER: Piso's Conspiracy or the Pisonian Conspiracy or so forth

20. One explanation for their popularity says that they symbolize a tongue of flame reaching
towards heaven, while another says that they are used alongside unusually heavy crosses which
must be anchored inside. Distinguished from the Byzantine-influenced "helmet" kind, some of the
most notable examples of these alternate green and red bands or have red and green stained glass
on them, while the wooden Intercession at Vytegra has twenty-four of these. Notably adorning
the Ivan the Great Bell Tower and St. Basil’s Cathedral, for 10 points, name these bulbous
summits of church spires, characteristic of Russian architecture and named for their resemblance
to a root vegetable.
ANSWER: onion domes

21. At an event hosted by these people, Sishupal, the king of Chedi, was beheaded by a thrown
wheel after insulting a god. They were once saved from a plan to assassinate them by fire when
Widira found out in time. Later, they spend thirteen years in exile after losing a dice game. They
are the offspring of Madri and Kunti, and include among their number Shadeva, Nakula, and
Yudhishthira. These virtuous counterparts of the Kauravas eventually win back their collective
bride Draupadi and their kingdom after their most notable member hears the Bhagavadgita. For
10 points, name this group of five people, including Arjuna, who are the heroes of the
Mahabharata.
ANSWER: the Pandava brothers

22. In one of his positions, this man tried to re-institute slavery thirty-two years after that practice
had been outlawed. Following his landing at La Paz, he declared the independence of Sonora and
Lower California, which no one really cared about. A year later, he got the backing of the
Accessory Transit Company, which included Cornelius Garrison and Charles Morgan, and spent
just under ten months as a national leader. Later, he was captured and shot by the British during
his last venture in Honduras. For 10 points, name this man who sought to expand the power of
slave states by carving new land for the U.S. to annex out of Mexico and Nicaragua, a noted
filibusterer of the 1850s.
ANSWER: William Walker
VCU Open 2008—Round 9—Bonuses

1. It was satirized in a similarly titled poem by Byron. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this poem by Robert Southey which pictures George III received with open arms in
Heaven.
ANSWER: A Vision of Judgment [do not accept The Vision of Judgment or Vision of
Judgment]
[10] The title character sets out to battle the sorcerers of the Domdaniel in this epic by Robert
Southey.
ANSWER: Thalaba the Destroyer
[10] Kaspar and Peterkin here about the British victory at the titular event in this ironic Southey
depiction of a clash where “many thousand bodies” lay “rotting in the sun.”
ANSWER: “The Battle of Blenheim”

2. This compound was first prepared from coal tar by August Wilhelm von Hofmann. For 10
points each:
[10] Name this aromatic compound whose structure was proposed by August Kekulé after
dreaming about a snake holding its own tail.
ANSWER: benzene
[10] At two hundred degrees Celsius, enediynes can be converted to the 1,4-dehydro derivative of
benzene in this cyclization reaction named for a Berkeley chemist.
ANSWER: Bergman cyclization/reaction/cycloaromatization/etc
[10] Another type of ring-closing reaction is this intra-molecular version of the Claisen
condensation.
ANSWER: Dieckmann condensation/reaction/etc

3. Its creator, Jim Zimmerman, attended Region 10 College Bowl powerhouse South Dakota
School of Mines and Technology. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this device that exists in DC and RF varieties, the latter of which uses a pair of
Josephson junctions in order to measure very small magnetic fields.
ANSWER: SQUID magnetometer [also accept Superconducting Quantum Interference
Device]
[10] Zimmerman created a SQUID that was cooled to 8.5 Kelvin by a plastic refrigerator that
operated by the regenerative type of this gas cycle, whose processes include isothermal
compression, isometric heating, isothermal expansion, and isometric cooling.
ANSWER: Stirling cycle
[10] Similar to a SQUID, this other type of magnetometer was recently developed by Michael V.
Romalis and does not need to be used at cryogenic temperatures.
ANSWER: SERF magnetometer [also accept Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free]

4. Timothy Pickering was perhaps the most prominent member of this group. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this group of Massachusetts Federalists, who protested the Embargo Act and were
among the instigators of the Hartford Convention.
ANSWER: Essex Junto
[10] This extreme faction of the Essex Junto acquired its name from the allegation that they
shined the namesake signals to British ships to facilitate the capture of American blockade
runners during War of 1812.
ANSWER: Blue Lights
[10] This virulent member of the Blue Lights commented on the career of John Hancock in the
Laco Letters.
ANSWER: Stephen Higginson
5. She was ordered killed for breaking her Vestal Virgin vows after becoming pregnant by Mars.
For 10 points each:
[10] Name this mother of Romulus and Remus.
ANSWER: Rhea Silvia
[10] This father of Rhea Silvia was the legitimate king of Alba Longa, who was restored to power
by Romulus and Remus after being overthrown.
ANSWER: Numitor
[10] This brother of Numitor usurped the throne and ordered the death sentence for Rhea Silvia.
ANSWER: Amulius

6. This psychologist modeled some of his theories using topology. For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this "founder of social psychology" who wrote Principles of Topological
Psychology, in addition to coining the term "life space" and identifying several characteristics of
groups in his works A Dynamic Theory of Personality and Frontiers in Group Dynamics.
ANSWER: Kurt Zadek Lewin
[10] This other psychologist, who also did work on group dynamics, outlined his idea about
individuals attaching the significance of groups to their actions in his books The True Believer
and The Temper of Our Times.
ANSWER: Eric Hoffer
[10] This psychologist also worked on theories of belief, most notably describing a state of mind
in which two contradictory beliefs are held in A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance.
ANSWER: Leon Festinger

7. Officially the Nationalist Party of China Officer Academy, this school had such faculty
members as Chiang Kai Shek. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this institution which trained many leaders of both the Kuomintang and Communist
armies.
ANSWER: Whampoa Military Academy
[10] Another instructor at Whampoa was this premier under Mao’s late regime, the driving force
in opening relations with the United States.
ANSWER: Zhou Enlai
[10] This man, who briefly was Mao’s second in command and died in a mysterious plane crash
after making moves to oust Mao in 1971, graduated from Whampoa.
ANSWER: Lin Biao

8. He formulated the Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection, and his namesake hypothesis
states that populations with favorable mutations will exhibit genetic variations for fitness. FTPE:
[10] Name this English geneticist, the author of The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection.
ANSWER: Ronald Fisher
[10] To mathematicians, Ronald Fisher may be better known for developing this statistical
method that can be used to test whether a significant relation exists between variables.
ANSWER: analysis of variance [also accept ANOVA]
[10] Often used in the analysis of variance, this eponymous theorem is the converse of Fisher's
theorem.
ANSWER: Cochran's theorem
9. The three title characters include one who has moved in with the Withers family and one who
is in a "glassy grave." For 10 points each:
[10] Identify this 1981 play with no named characters, in which the second speaker and the first
have an Oedipal mother-son thing going on.
ANSWER: Family Voices
[10] This author of The Birthday Party and The Dumb Waiter wrote Family Voices.
ANSWER: Harold Pinter
[10] Mick and Aston kick out the cantankerous Davies in this Pinter play.
ANSWER: The Caretaker

10. A girl is looking away from the title apparatus, which is demonstrating the effect of vacuums
on the health of birds, in this dramatically lit painting. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this 1768 canvas.
ANSWER: The Air Pump
[10] This student of Thomas Hudson and painter of The Orrery created The Air Pump.
ANSWER: Joseph Wright of Derby
[10] In this Wright of Derby scene, sometimes known as The Origin of Painting, the title Greek
figure pokes a sleeping man with her brush.
ANSWER: The Maid of Corinth

11. They are composed of thin and thick filaments, and their boundaries are defined by the Z disk.
For 10 points each:
[10] Name these segments of myofibril that are the functional unit of skeletal muscle.
ANSWER: sarcomeres
[10] This region of the sarcomere contains only myosin thick filaments.
ANSWER: H zone
[10] A lattice composed of a band of these type III intermediate filaments encircle the Z disk and
are cross-linked by several proteins, including paranemin and ankyrin.
ANSWER: desmin

12. He composed the cantata Ruth and a Symphony in D minor which exerted great influence on
the succeeding generation of French composers. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this composer of The Accursed Hunter and Les Djinns.
ANSWER: Cesar Franck
[10] This chief student of Franck composed Isatar and the Symphony on a French Mountain Air.
ANSWER: Vincent D'indy
[10] Franck was a noted player of this instrument, which was also mastered by Charles Widor and
names the third symphony of Camille Saint Saens.
ANSWER: organ

13. He was chaplain to the Protestant section of the Duke of Norfolk's retinue. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this man, the chief fabricator of the Popish Plot.
ANSWER: Titus Oates
[10] This awesomely named collaborator of Oates was a longtime opponent of the Jesuits, whom
he blamed for his own church burning down and attacked in a series of pamphlets.
ANSWER: Israel Tonge
[10] This justice of the peace was murdered soon after publicizing the Popish Plot, lending
credibility to the theory.
ANSWER: Edmund Berry Godfrey
14. Alfred Caldwell and E.E. Roberts were members of this movement. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this term, coined by H. Allen Brooks, which referred to architects who used horizontal
windows and liberal eaves to recall a region of the United States, such as in some of the work of
Frank Lloyd Wright.
ANSWER: Prairie school
[10] A role model to many members of the Prairie School, this collaborator of Dankmar Adler
believed that “form follows function.”
ANSWER: Louis Sullivan
[10] This Louis Sullivan design is a ten-story brick skyscraper in St. Louis which uses designs
from the Reims Cathedral for its exterior ornamentation.
ANSWER: the Wainwright Building

15. Principal Badger is intimidated by Red Shirt in this novel. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this 1906 novel in which such faculty members as Clown, Porcupine, and Hubbard
Squash work at a Shikoku high school along with the title math instructor.
ANSWER: Botchan
[10] This author of The Miner and Grass on the Wayside wrote Botchan.
ANSWER: Natsume Soseki
[10] A gray-yellow Persian adopted by the Kushami family is the narrator of this most notable
work of Soseki.
ANSWER: I Am a Cat or Wagahai wa neko de aru

16. It was covered over with a stone barrel vault in the third century BCE. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this sewer dating from pre-documented Roman times, which drained the Forum.
ANSWER: Cloaca Maxima
[10] This fifth legendary king of Rome was the successor to Ancus Marcius and was credited
with building the Cloaca Maxima.
ANSWER: Lucius Tarquinius Priscus [prompt on Tarquinius]
[10] This wife of Tarquinius Priscus was often said to be the force behind his accession to the
throne, and she also became the foster mother of the next king, Servius Tullius.
ANSWER: Tanaquil

17. Sharing its name with an 1801 act targeted at Ireland, this 1701 law created Great Britain. For
10 points each:
[10] Name this law which ended the nominal independence of Scotland.
ANSWER: 1707 Act of Union
[10] In the decades after the Act of Union, the Scottish clan system was broken by this series of
population displacements which congregated native Scots in the coastal areas.
ANSWER: the Highland Clearances or Fuadaich nan Gàidheal
[10] This time period marked the start of intensive clearances, and was the local name for a time
corresponding to 1792, named for a characteristic local animal.
ANSWER: Year of the Sheep
18. This river receives the waters of the Saale and Ohre. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this river which splits into two branches at Hamburg.
ANSWER: Elbe
[10] Formed from the Teplá and Studená headstreams, this longest river of the Czech Republic is
also a tributary of the Elbe.
ANSWER: Moldau or Vltava
[10] Extending from Brunsbüttelkoog to Holtenau, this structure connects the Elbe to the Baltic.
ANSWER: Kiel Canal or Nord-Ostsee-Kanal or North Sea–Baltic Sea Canal

19. The narrator sees a world in a cabbage leaf and asks the “Dark Lady” to tack her womb to the
wall in this work. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this novel featuring the Cosmodemonic Telegraphy Company and the Land of Fuck.
ANSWER: Tropic of Capricorn
[10] This author of Black Spring and the Rosy Crucifixion trilogy wrote Tropic of Capricorn five
years after writing Tropic of Cancer.
ANSWER: Henry Miller
[10] Following the nonstop graphic sex scenes of the previous volume, this middle book in the
Rosy Crucifixion focuses more on the narrator’s emotional involvement with Mona.
ANSWER: Plexus

20. The “report” named for this man was issued in 2008 and addressed the question of whether
the Bush administration knew that his 2001 letter was a forgery. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this former Iraqi intelligence chief, who manufactured a letter connecting Saddam
Hussein to Mohammed Atta.
ANSWER: Tahir Jalil Habbush al Takriti
[10] Other documents related to deception in the Iraq war include this 2002 record of a British
Cabinet meeting, which noted that “the intelligence was being fixed around the policy” of
invading Iraq.
ANSWER: the Downing Street Memo
[10] Published in 2007, this record of a 2003 meeting between Bush and the former Prime
Minister of Spain reveals that Bush threatened to cut foreign aid to Angola in order to gain
Spain’s support for UN resolutions on Iraq.
ANSWER: Bush-Aznar Memo