Smart Cars

Smart Cars By Michio Kaku Time allotment • Warming Up • Text Explanation • Writing strategy of Resume Warming Up • Automobile (美)各种机动车总称 • Car (英)尤指小轿车 (美)小轿车，四轮马 车 • Sedan (美)小轿车，箱式小 客车 Types of Automobile • Convertible 敞篷双门轿跑车 • SUV-Sports Utility Vehicle 多功能运动车 • Off-road vehicle 越野车 • Sports Coupe 硬顶跑车 Types of Automobile • MPV-Multi-Purpose Vehicle多功能车 • Classical car 老爷车 • Recreational Car 房车 • Conceptual Car 概念车 • Pick-up皮卡(小卡车) Automobile Brands • • • • • • • • • • • • • Ferrari Citreoen Peugeot Mitsubishi Honda Toyota Porsche Chevrolet Volkswagen Ford Buick Lamborghini Rolls Royce • BMW-Bavarian Motor Works宝马 • Jaguar捷豹 • Benz奔驰 • Hummer 悍马 (原意为“蜂鸟”，悍马 多数为大型吉普车、房 车) • Cadillac凯迪拉克 the Cadillac of sth一流 的，最好的，顶级的 Brainstorming • What functions do you think a smart car should have? Discuss and list • Let‘s take a look at an intelligent car in a movie. Unit 2 Text A Smart Cars • Excerpted from Visions: ‗How Science Will Revolutionize the 21st Century’ • Michio Kaku • An internationally recognized authority in theoretical physics and environment • A professor of theoretical Physics at the City College and Graduate Center of City University in New York Smart Cars Text Organization • Part One—(Paras 1-3) • Part Two—(Paras 4-9) • Part Three—(Paras 10-13) Part One, Paragraph 2 Language Points • Lucrative (L4): adj. producing much money syn.—profitable - lucrative business / market / contract / job The lobbies of Baghdad's five-star hotels are packed with businessmen fighting over lucrative contracts. There is still an illegal but lucrative trade in ivory between Africa and South-East Asia. Part One, Paragraph 2 Language Points • presently (L5): adv. especially American English at the present time, (syn.-now); in a short time, (syn-soon) - This is a relatively clean source of energy compared to presently available nuclear power. - Tea will be served presently. Part One, Paragraph 2 Language Points • Manufacture (L7): v. 1) make goods on a large scale using machinery - The car was designed, developed, and manufactured in collaboration with Honda. 2) n. - During World War II, steel supplies were used in the manufacture of weapons. - This country imports many foreign manufactures. (pl)制造品，产品 Cf- manufacturer制造商 Part One, Paragraph 3 Background Information • ITS (L13): Intelligent transportation systems; encompass a broad range of wireless and wireline communications-based information, control and electronics technologies. - Functions of ITS: Help monitor and manage traffic flow Reduce congestion Provide alternate routes to travelers Enhance productivity Save lives, time and money. - Examples of Intelligent transportations systems include: Advanced Traveler Information Systems Advanced Traffic Management Systems Incident Management Systems Part One, Paragraph 2 Exercise • L4: The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries… =rank as one of … • Rank as / among Today's match ranks as one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played. We rank among the safest countries in the world. - Double preposition—Ex P52 Part One Question • How important was the automobile industry in the twentieth century? • What will happen to cars and roads in the twenty-first century? • Main idea of Part One: New technology will have a dramatic impact on cars and highways in the 21st century. Part Two, Paragraph 4 Language Points • eliminate (L19): v. to completely get rid of sth. that is unnecessary or unwanted; to defeat a team or person in a competition淘汰 • ~ sth: eliminate a need/possibility/risk/problem - The credit card eliminates the need for cash or checks. • eliminate sth/sb from sth - Their team was eliminated from the World Cup in the first round. Cf-Select the superior and eliminate the inferior (survival of the fittest) 优胜劣汰 Part Two, Paragraph 4 Language Points • vapor (L21): n. - The atmosphere always contains some moisture in the form of water vapor. • in the air (L21): in the earth‘s atmosphere; if a feeling is in the air, a lot of people feel it at the same time • Or be (up) in the air: uncertain, not yet decided - There is a strong smell of burning in the air before the eruption of the volcano. - There was a sense of excitement in the air. - Our trip is still very much (up) in the air. Cf- be on / off (the) air广播/停播 put on airs摆架子 airs and graces装腔作势 Part Two, Paragraph 4 Language Points • start up (L21): if an engine, car etc starts up, or you start it up, it begins working; 发动 if you start up a business, company etc, or it starts up, it begins to exist; 创办 if a sound, activity, or event starts up, it begins to exist or happen; 发生 - Tax breaks help new companies start up. - The anti-virus icon should appear whenever you start up your computer. Part Two, Paragraph 4 Language Points • alert (L22) v. alert sb; alert sb to sth - One fireman alerted the residents and helped them to safety. - Campaigns have been carried out to alert the public to the dangers of HIV. adj. be alert to sth. - The authorities should have been alert to the possibility of invasion. n. be on the alert for sth. / sb. - Be on the alert for anyone acting suspiciously. on full alert / on high alert (=completely ready to deal with a dangerous situation) Part Two, Paragraph 4 Background Information • The latest ―personal police‖ system that prevents drunk driving Part Two, Paragraph 5 Background Information • Blind spot (L27): 1) the part of road that a driver cannot see from the rear-view mirror 2) sth that you are unable or unwilling to understand I have a blind spot where computers are concerned. Part Two, Paragraph 6 Language points • prototype (L29): n. the first model or design of sth. from which other forms are copied or developed 原型 - Bell uttered to his assistant the words, ―Mr. Watson, come here; I want you,‖ using a prototype telephone. Part Two, Paragraph 6 Language points • monotonous (L31): adj. boring because of always being the same - Robots are used in repetitive, monotonous tasks in which human performance might degrade over time. - The explorers lived on monotonous diet of rice and vegetables. Part Two, Paragraph 6 Language points • grossly (L32): adv. extremely - Medical records were found to be grossly inadequate. Cf- gross adj. 1)总的，毛的 ant.– net Gross profit / weight GDP GNP 2) clearly wrong and unacceptable soldiers accused of gross violations of human rights Part Two, Paragraph 6 Language points • hazard (L33): n. a danger or risk Hazard to/for sth. - Polluted water sources are a hazard to wildlife. health/safety hazard - The lead in old paints is a real health hazard. Cf.- hazardous adj. be hazardous to health Part Two, Paragraph 6 Language points • train sth on/at sb/sth. (L34): aim sth such as a gun or camera at sb or sth - She trained her binoculars on the bird. - Train one‘s gun on the enemy Part Two, Paragraph 7 Language points • Get/be stuck in sth. (L38): impossible or unable to move; informal unable to escape from a bad or boring situation - Getting stuck in the traffic for two hours, John was late for his first date with Annie. - Mum resented being stuck at home with two young kids. Part Two, Paragraph 7 Cultural Notes • Navstar24 navigation satellites • GPSGlobal Positioning System Part Two, Paragraph 7 Exercise • They make it possible (L43): review the sentence structure—v + it + adj. + to do sth. • ―it‖: used as object of a verb when the real object is later in the sentence - P52 structure exercise Part Two, Paragraph 7 Language points • vibrate (L46): v. (cause sth to) move rapidly and continuously backwards and forwards; shake - The floor was vibrating to the beat of the music. - Microwave ovens operate by agitating the water molecules in the food, causing them to vibrate, which produce heat. - Cf- n. vibration Part Two, Paragraph 8 and 9 Language points • convert (L52): v. to change sth into a different form of thing, or to change sth so that it can be used for a different purpose or in a different way • Convert sth. into/to sth - Stocks can be easily converted to cash. - Solar cooking requires a dark pot to absorb the sun‘s rays and convert them into heat energy. - Cf- adj. convertible a convertible currency a convertible sofa Part Two, Paragraph 9 Background information • Japan‘s smart car system Associated Press December 27, 2004 • Our Country V-type Smart Car by Qinghua University Part Two, Paragraph 8 and 9 Language points • Correlate (L54): v. have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another • Correlate (strongly/significantly/closely) with/to sth - Poverty and poor housing correlate with a shorter life expectancy. - Obesity correlates closely with increased risk of stroke. - Cf- n. correlation There is a direct correlation between the best-known brands and the best-selling brands. Part Two Text Organization • Functions brought by Advanced technology • drunk electronic sensors Paras 4-6 Paras 7 eliminate traffic accidents warn of traffic jams determine car‘s precise locations • driving warning radars • sleepy driving monitoring camera • sensors in cars tuned to radio signals from Navstar for traffic jams Paras 8-9 • time taken for signal from satellite to arrive • rotations in the steering wheel and position on map • Main idea of part two Part Three, Paragraph 10 Language points • drastically (L56): adv. Drastic adj: extreme and sudden, having a strong or violent effect - The size of the government was drastically cut. (大幅削减) - Drastic changes are needed if environmental catastrophe is to be avoided.(彻底改变) - NATO threatened drastic action if its terms were not met.(严厉措施) Part Three, Paragraph 10 Language points • Be poised to (L57): be ready to take action at any moment - The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign. - The company seems poised for success. - The economy is poised on the edge/brink of collapse. Part Three, Paragraph 10 Language points • explode (L58): v. 1) to suddenly increase greatly in number, amount, or degree syn.-rocket - Florida's population exploded after World War II. 2) to suddenly express strong feelings such as anger - He told a joke which made Hank explode with laughter. Part Three, Paragraph 11 Exercise • ―telematics‖ (L62): abbreviation Exercise P49 Word Formation Initialism Abbreviation Acronym Clipping Blending WTO, WHO NATO, APEC, AIDS Ad, lab, math Smog, motel Part Three, Paragraph 11 Cultural Notes • • • • • • • • • Highway (L63): 公路，国道 Expressway 高速公路 Underground / subway Light rail (elevated railway) Inner-ring road Outer-ring road Elevated road; viaduct 高架 Over-pass 天桥 Mag-lev train: Magnetically levitated train Part Three, Paragraph 11 Language Points • mount (L65): v. 1) to fix (sth.) in position for use, display or study • The ship mounts eight cannons. 2) go up stairs • A car suddenly mounted the pavement to avoid a vehicle coming in the opposite direction. 3) to plan, organize, and begin an event or a course of action • Guerrillas have mounted an attack on the capital. 4) to increase gradually in amount or degree • Casualties on both sides of the battle have continued to mount. Part Three, Paragraph 12 Language Points • magnetic (L70): adj. having the properties of a magnet • magnetic force • magnetic field • magnetic personality/charm (qualities that make other people feel strongly attracted to you)有魅力的，有吸引力的 - To be a successful businessman you must be enthusiastic and magnetic. Part Three, Paragraph 12 Language Points • bunch (L71): v. group together (both active and passive) • bunch together, bunch up - They bunched together to allow others to squeeze into the crowded elevator. cf- n.束，串，群 - a bunch of flowers / keys / grapes - a bunch of people = a group of people Part Three, Paragraph 13 Language Points • incorporate (L75): v. to include sth as part of a group, system, plan etc • incorporate sth. into/in sth. - We've incorporated many environmentallyfriendly features into the design of the building. - They laid down a health club incorporating a gym, sauna and steam room. Part Three, Paragraph 13 Language Points • boon (L79): n. sth that is very useful and makes your life a lot easier or better - A recently acquired photo-copier has proved a great time-saving boon for note taking. - Toronto‘s loss is a boon to the other candidate cities hoping to host the 2012 Summer Olympics. - boon companion: literary a close friend好友 Part Three Questions • What technology is used in building smart highways? • What are the advantages of smart highways? • Main idea of Part Three: • GPS and ―telematics‖ will make it possible to build smart highways, which will benefit us in more than one way. Writing Strategy How to write a resume • A resume is a concise business-style report that displays your job qualifications to a prospective employer. Typically, information is grouped under six headings. P69 - Headings - Employment Objective - Education - Employment Experience - Professional Interests - References Writing Strategy How to write a resume • Some tips: - Keep your resume brief and to the point - Try to fit your resume on one page. Use two pages only if your experience is extensive - Avoid personal pronouns (don’t use “I”) - If you are using the chronological format, list your most recent experience - If you are using the skills format, begin with your strongest and most relevant experience Writing Strategy How to write a resume • Useful websites for job-hunting : - www.zhaopin.com.cn - www.51job.com.cn Has a printed newspaper named career post (Qian Cheng weekly) - www.china-hr.com - www.1stjob.net the target reader is graduate student - www.onchina.com - www.chinacareer.com - www.jobcenter.com.cn focus on IT talent, links to other job-hunting web site - www.hr.com.cn Exercises • Multiple Choices