Training Cisco Certified Network Associate _CCNA 640-802_

Training Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA 640-802) Mr.Kriangsak Namkot jodoi@jodoi.com jodoi1819@hotmail.com http://www.jodoi.com Day 3 • • • Wide Area Networks , Frame Relay , xDSL , VPN IP Routing , Static route , Default route , rip , igrp LAB Configuration • Frame Relay Overview – Connections made by virtual circuits – Connection-oriented service Frame Relay Stack OSI Reference Model Application Presentation Frame Relay Session Transport Network Data-Link Physical IP/IPX/AppleTalk, etc. Frame Relay EIA/TIA-232, EIA/TIA-449, V.35, X.21, EIA/TIA-530 Frame Relay Terminology Selecting a Frame Relay Topology • Frame Relay default: nonbroadcast, multiaccess (NBMA) Configuration Router Frame Relay Point-to-point (no sub interface) Config#interface S0 Config-if#encapsulation frame-relay cisco , ietf Config-if#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252 Config-if#bandwidth 256 Config-if#frame-relay lmi-type cisco , ansi , q933a Configuration Router Frame Relay Point-to-point ( sub interface) Config#interface S0 Config-if#no ip address Config-if#encapsulation frame-relay cisco , ietf Config#interface S0.2 point-to-point Config-if#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 Config-if#bandwidth 128 Config-if#frame-relay interface-dlci 120 Config#interface S0.3 point-to-point Config-if#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.0 Config-if#bandwidth 128 Config-if#frame-relay interface-dlci 110 Configuration Router Frame Relay Point-to-multipoint ( sub interface) Config#interface S0 Config-if#no ip address Config-if#encapsulation frame-relay Config#interface S0.2 multipoint Config-if#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 Config-if#bandwidth 256 Config-if#frame-relay map ip 10.10.10.2 120 broadcast Config-if#frame-relay map ip 10.10.10.3 110 broadcast Digital Subscriber Line Digital Subscriber Line Digital Subscriber Line Digital Subscriber Line Digital Subscriber Line ค่า VPI และ VCI ในการตั้งค่าของ ADSL PPPoE Configuration ! interface FastEthernet4 pppoe enable group global pppoe-client dial-pool-number 1 ! interface Dialer 0 ip address negotiated ip mtu1452 encapsulation ppp dialer pool 1 dialer-group 1 ppp authentication chap callin ppp chap hostname Todd ppp chap password 0 lammle ! Virtual Private Networks Types of VPNs There are three different categories of VPNs: • Remote access VPNs Remote access VPNs allow remote users like telecommuters to securely access the corporate network wherever and whenever they need to. • Site-to-site VPNs Site-to-site VPNs, or intranet VPNs, allow a company to connect its remote sites to the corporate backbone securely over a public medium like the Internet instead of requiring more expensive WAN connections like Frame Relay. • Extranet VPNs Extranet VPNs allow an organization’s suppliers, partners, and customers to be connected to the corporate network in a limited way for business-to-business (B2B) communications. Virtual Private Networks four of the most common tunneling protocols • Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F) Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F) is a Ciscoproprietary tunneling protocol, and it was their first tunneling protocol created for virtual private dial-up networks (VPDNs). VPDN allows a device to use a dial-up connection to create a secure connection to a corporate network. L2F was later replaced by L2TP, which is backward compatible with L2F. • Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) was created by Microsoft to allow the secure transfer of data from remote networks to the corporate network. • Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) was created by Cisco and Microsoft to replace L2F and PPTP. L2TP merged the capabilities of both L2F and PPTP into one tunneling protocol. • Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) is another Cisco-proprietary tunneling protocol. It forms virtual point-to-point links, allowing for a variety of Virtual Private Networks Virtual Private Networks Virtual Private Networks IP Routing Routing -Static -Dynamic Config static route ( Network ip ) ( subnet mask) ( gateway ip ) Config# ip route ________ ________ ________ Ex R2 config# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.1 R1 config# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2 Default route config# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.10.10.2 AS Numbers Classful Routing Overview –Classful routing protocols do not include the subnet mask with the route advertisement. –Within the same network, consistency of the subnet masks is assumed. –Summary routes are exchanged between foreign networks. –Examples of classful routing protocols: • RIP Version 1 (RIPv1) • IGRP Classless Routing Overview – Classless routing protocols include the subnet mask with the route advertisement. – Classless routing protocols support variablelength subnet masking (VLSM). – Summary routes can be manually controlled within the network. – Examples of classless routing protocols: • • • • RIP Version 2 (RIPv2) EIGRP OSPF IS-IS IP Routing Dynamic routing -Interier Gateway Protocol (IGP)  Autonomous System (AS) เดียวกัน -Exterier Gateway Protocol (EGP)  Autonomous System (AS) ต่างกัน ใน CCNA จะเรียนเฉพาะ IGP Interier Gateway Protocol (IGP) -Distance vector rip , igrp update table ช่วงเวลาหนึ่ง -Link-state  ospf ,IS-IS เก็บข้อมูลเป็น database -Balancing Hybrid  EIGRPเก็บข้อมูลแบบ link-state แต่ทา routing แบบ distance vector Selecting the Best Route with Metrics Configuration Router Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Config#router rip (major network) Config#network ____________ Ex 172.16.1.30/24 Mojor network จะได้ 172.16.0.0 10.10.10.3/26 Mojor network จะได้ 10.0.0.0 192.168.1.5/28 Mojor network จะได้ 192.168.1.0 config#router rip config-router#network 172.16.0.0 config-router#network 10.0.0.0 config-router#network 192.168.1.0 Configuration Router Routing Information Protocol (RIP) # ต่อ Rip ใช้ hop ในการคานวณเส้นทาง ทางไหนน้อยไปทางนั้น config#router rip #debug ip rip #show ip protocol เพื่อตรวจสอบ routing #show ip route จะขึ้นเป็นตัว R config-router#version 2 : version 1 ไม่ support triggered Configuration Router Interier Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) ( AS Number ) config#router igrp ___________ config#router igrp 100 (major network) config-router#network ___________ config-router#network 192.168.1.0 ( events ) #debug ip igrp _____________ ( transactions ) Igrp เลือกเส้นทางจากค่า Metric โดยใช้ค่า Bandwidth และ ค่า Delay เมื่อใช้ command show ip protocol จะคือค่า K1 และ K3 ตามลาดับ และ igrp สามารถทา load balancing ได้ Default Administrative Distance หนังสือ อ.เอกสิทธิ์ หน้า 188 RIPv1 vs. RIPv2 IGRP vs RIP