ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
http://graphicssoft.about.com/cs/photoshoptools6/
TOOLS
The tools fall roughly into the following categories: Selection tools - used for creating closed boundaries. Once a selection has been made, editing can only occur within the selection outline. To remove a selection, or make it inactive, choose Select > Deselect from the menu bar, or press Ctrl-D. Tools in this category include the marquee tools, lassos, magic wand, and quick mask. Painting tools - used for adding color by using the mouse like a brush, or by simply filling areas with a selected color. These include the paintbrush, history brushes, airbrush, gradients, paint bucket, and pencil tool. Retouching tools - used for editing existing colors and image details. These include the clone stamp (formerly known as the rubber stamp), erasers, dodge, burn, sponge, blur, sharpen, and smudge tools. Vector tools - used for creating, and editing vector shapes. These include the pen, path component selection, shape, and line tools. Change view tools - used for moving and magnifying the view of an image, without affecting the image, itself. The hand, and zoom tools are workhorses you’ll be using constantly. The crop tool for chopping images down to size, the move tool for moving selection contents or layers, the new notes tool for adding little sticky notes to an image, the eyedropper for collecting color data, and the big foreground/background color squares you see near the bottom of the toolbox that are where you can make your color choices.
1. Rectangular Marquee – Used for making rectangular, elliptical, or single row selections. 2. Lasso – Used for choosing the polygonal, magnetic or regular lasso tool. 3. Crop Tool – Used for cropping image borders. 4. Airbrush – Used for painting; imitates commercial airbrush. 5. Clone stamp – Used for painting with copied image data; includes pattern stamp: used for painting with patterns.
6. Eraser – Used for removing portions of images; act like a paintbrush in reverse. Includes background eraser: erases the color on which you first click, while leaving other colors untouched; and magic eraser: erases to transparency on the active layer 7. Blur – Used for retouching; hardens or softens the edges of an image; sharpen tool: increases contrast of an image; smudge tool: does the opposite. 8. Path component selection – Will select any path component, including one that is part of several other components. 9. Pen – Used for creating, and editing paths; includes freeform pen: used for drawing vector lines and shapes; and magnetic pen: tracing tool, which snaps to distinct edges, as you drag along the outline of an existing object. 10. Notes – Used for attaching text, and audio notes to files; works like post-it notes. 11. Hand – Moves the image around like a scroll bar, or paging up or down, but it works in any direction. 12. Foreground color – Chooses foreground and background colors. 13. Default colors – Restores foreground and background to black and white. 14. Standard/Quick Mask – Converts a selection into a mask that can be edited with any of the painting tools. 15. Screen mode – Used for selecting screen mode. 16. Jump to – Jumps to Image Ready and back to PhotoShop. 17. Move – Moves contents of selections or layers. 18. Magic Wand – Selects all pixels that are the same color as the one you click on. 19. Slice – Divides images into independent areas; includes slice select: cuts images into rectangular sections. 20. Paintbrush – Used for painting foreground, background and lines; includes pencil: used to draw hard-edged lines, as oppose to the softer line of the paintbrush. 21. History brush – Paints from an earlier, or different image onto the current version of the image; includes art history brush: copies data from the version you select in the history palette. 22. Gradient – Add or edit color blends; includes paint bucket: ads or changes fill colors.
23. Dodge – Used to lighten tones; includes burn tool: darkens; sponge: changes image saturation. 24. Type tool - Adds type to images. 25. Rectangle shape - Creates paths in geometric shapes: rounded rectangle; ellipse; polygon; line; and custom shape. 26. Eyedropper – Used to find color values and choose colors. 27. Zoom – Changes the magnification of an image. 28. Switch colors – Changes foreground and background colors. 1) Rectangular marquee 1a) Elliptical marquee 1b) Single row marquee 1c) Single column marque 2) Lasso 2a) Polygon lasso 2b) Magnetic lasso 3) Crop tool 4) Airbrush 5) Clone stamp 5a) Pattern stamp 6) Eraser 6a) Background eraser 6b) Magic eraser 7) Blur 7a) Sharpen 7b) Smudge 8) Path component selection 8a) Direct selection 9) Pen 9a) Freeform pen 9b) Add anchor-point 9c) Delete anchor-point 9d) Convert anchor-point 9e) Magnetic pen 10) Notes 10a) Audio annotation 11) Hand 12) Foreground color 13) Default colors 14)Standard/Quick Mask 15) Screen mode 16) Jump to 17) Move 18) Magic wand 19) Slice 19a) Slice select 20) Paintbrush 20a) Pencil 21) History brush 21a) Art history brush 22) Gradient 22a) Paint bucket 23) Dodge 23a) Burn 3b) Sponge 24) Type tool 25) Rectangle shape 25a) Rounded rectangle 25b) Ellipse 25c) Polygon 25d) Line 25e) Custom shape 26) Eyedropper 26a) Color sampler 26b) Measure 27) Zoom 28) Switch colors
PALETTES
The palettes are where Layers, Paths, Channels, and Actions information is stored. In addition, Colors, Swatches, and Styles can be chosen. The Navigator palette is for changing the view of an image. The Info palette is for acquiring specific location, distance, and color data about the image. The History palette keeps track of almost every change made to an image, and allows multiple undo by clicking on whichever step a user would like to return to.
Technology Lesson
Open Adobe Photoshop To open a file: 1. Choose File > Open ( ).
2. Select the name of the file you want to open. 3. Click Open. To use the marquee tools: 1. Select a marquee tool: Rectangle marquee ( ) to make a rectangular selection. Elliptical marquee ( ) to make an elliptical selection. ),
2. In the options bar, specify whether to create a new selection ( ), add to a selection( subtract from a selection ( ), or select an area intersected by other selections ( ). 3. Specify a feathering setting in the options bar. 4. Choose a style in the options bar: Normal to determine marquee proportions by dragging.
5. To make a selection, drag over the area you want to select. Hold down Shift as you drag to constrain the marquee to a square or circle.
Open a new file: 1. Choose File > New. 2. Select size: height 400 pixels, weight 300 pixels 3. Click > Paste Or drag and drop: To move a selection or layer: 1. Select the move tool ( ).
2. Move the pointer inside the selection border, and drag the selection to the new position.
To display the Save For Web dialog box: Choose File > Save for Web, or click the Save for Web button ( ) in the shortcuts bar.
To distort an image: 1. Select the layer you want to distort. If you want to change only part of the current layer, select the area or areas to be changed. 2. Choose Filter > Liquify. A dialog box displays the preview image, tools for editing the image, and tool and view options. 3. Adjust the brush size and pressure of the tools as needed: A low brush pressure makes changes occur more slowly, so it's easier to stop them at exactly the right moment.
4. Use any of the following tools to distort the preview image: The warp tool ( ) to push pixels forward as you drag. The twirl clockwise tool ( ) to rotate pixels clockwise as you hold down the mouse button or drag. The twirl counterclockwise tool ( ) to rotate pixels counterclockwise as you hold down the mouse button or drag. The pucker tool ( ) to move pixels toward the center of the brush area as you hold down the mouse button or drag. The bloat tool ( ) to move pixels away from the center of the brush area as you hold down the mouse button or drag. The shift pixels tool ( ) to move pixels perpendicular to the stroke direction. Drag to move pixels to the left, and Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) to move pixels to the right. The reflection tool ( ) to copy pixels to the brush area. Drag to reflect the area perpendicular to the direction of the stroke (to the left of or below the stroke). Alt-drag (Windows) or Option-drag (Mac OS) to reflect the area in the direction opposite to that of the stroke (for example, the area above a downward stroke). Use overlapping strokes to create an effect similar to a reflection in water.
5. To restore a preview image to a previous state: Do one of the following: Select the reconstruct tool ( ), and hold down the mouse button or drag over the distorted areas. The restoration occurs more quickly at the brush center. Shift-click to reconstruct in a straight line between the current point and the previous point that you clicked or Shift-clicked. Click Revert, or Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) Reset, to restore the entire preview image to its state when you opened the dialog box. Revert also resets the tools to their previous setting.
6. Click OK to apply the changes in the preview image to the actual image.