Head Down Displays and data entry

HDDs and Data Entry Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 1 F-35 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 2 Su-35 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 3 Gulfstream Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 4 Objectives • To give you a broad background on: – Head Down Displays – Data Entry Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 5 Scope 1. Head Down Displays 2. Control and Data Entry Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 6 Head Down Displays 1. Cathode Ray Tube 2. LCD 3. Light Emitting Diodes Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 7 CRT •Phosporous screen “glows” •Bulky •Heavy •Lots of magnetic radiation •Consumes lots of power Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 8 F18 E with CRT displays Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 9 LCD Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 10 LCD •Passive or active matrixes •Each pixel controlled by three transistors for colour •Pixel arrangement for max look angle •Voltage determines intensity •Thin and lightweight •Low power consumption •High resolution Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 11 LCD Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 12 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 13 LED (1) •A semiconductor with extra electrons is called Ntype material, since it has extra negatively-charged particles. •A semiconductor with extra holes is called P-type material, since it effectively has extra positively-charged particles. Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 14 LED (2) Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 15 LED (3) Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 16 LED (4) Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 17 LED •Low resolution displays •Used in Hawk UFCP WS 45’ NAV PRG L+R COOL Nov 2009 A-A# QAG HOT* FREE LCOS 1500’ 105 02. 312 . 325 03. 68 . 825 VTR* TGT OFS* STAD FRND MLNK DLNK RDR 18 HDDs and Data Entry Colour LED Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 19 Data Entry 1. Airbus vs Boeing 2. Nadir 3000 Flight Management System Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 20 Airbus 380 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 21 Airbus 380 (closer) Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 22 Boeing 787 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 23 Boeing 787 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 24 Dassault Falcon 7X (Sidestick) Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 25 Dassault Falcon 900EX (Yoke) Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 26 C130 cockpit layout Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 27 A109 cockpit layout Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 28 Flight Management System MSG : display plain language FMS messages. FPLN : Flight plan definition, revision, display. PROG : progress along the active flight plan, active constraints, speeds, position monitoring. DTO : direct to function, including nearest airports. PERF : performances according to flight phase. Fuel and weight management. RMS : radio nav/com management. HOLD : position hold and update. DATA : access to FMS general MENU (including INIT volume, TUNE volume, FMS and sensors status, data base). EXEC : validation of main mods of active flight plan. Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 29 NADIR 3000 FMS composition NAVM MCDU Nov 2009 ADL HDDs and Data Entry 30 FMS interface synthesis • The FMS will interface directly through Arinc 429 links : – – – – 2 AHRS 1 GPS 1 Doppler 1 CMU (manufactured by Grintek) for autotuning of DME, ADF, VOR – 2 FCM (AFCS sub-system) – 2 VMM (CDS sub-system) – 2 MFD (CDS sub-system) which concentrate VOR, ADF, DME, ADC and RA data Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 31 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW • • • • • LOCALIZATION NAVIGATION DATA BASE LATERAL NAVIGATION VERTICAL NAVIGATION PERFORMANCES / PREDICTIONS • RADIO NAV MANAGEMENT Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 32 LOCALIZATION (1/2) • BEST COMPUTED POSITION (BCP) : – BLENDING OF GPS POSITION & SPEED, DOPPLER SPEED, DME DISTANCES, VOR BEARINGS – BACKUP MODE WITH TAS, HEADING AND WIND – AUTOMATIC SENSORS MONITORING – MANUAL SENSOR DESELECTION • PURE GPS POSITION • MANUAL POSITION UPDATING • POSITION MONITORING and Data Entry (BCP versus GPS) Nov 2009 HDDs 33 LOCALIZATION (2/2) • DOPPLER SPEED CORRECTION (sea current, surface wind) • POSITION DISPLAY AND ENTRY IN EITHER LAT/LONG, UTM OR MGRS coordinates • SELECTION OF LOCAL GEODETIC DATUM ACCORDING TO STANAG 4294 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 34 • STANDARD DATA BASE : – – – – NAVIGATION DATA BASE AIRPORTS, RUNWAYS VHF NAVAIDS ENROUTE AND TERMINAL WAYPOINTS AND NDB NAVAIDS TERMINAL PROCEDURES (SIDs, STARs, Non Precision Approaches), including holding patterns, procedure turns and DME arcs – UPLOADING WITH THE ADL • PILOT DATA BASE : – 300 LOCATIONS : • 100 WAYPOINTS • 100 AIRPORTS • 100 NAVAIDS – 100 PILOT ROUTES OF 40 WPTS (either standard or pilot database locations) – UP/DOWNLOADING WITH THE ADL • TACTICAL DATA BASE : – 4 ROUTES OF 100 TACTICAL WPTS EACH – UP/DOWNLOADING WITH THE ADL Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 35 IFR FLIGHT PLAN • 100 WPTS IN FLIGHT PLAN • SELECTION OF PILOT ROUTE, SID, STAR, APPROACH • MANAGEMENT OF ALL 23 ARINC 424 LEG TYPES • LATERAL OFFSET • DIRECT TO WITH OPTIONAL INBOUND COURSE • HOLDING PATTERN, RETRIEVED FROM TERMINAL PROCEDURES, OR PILOT DEFINED • SELECTABLE TURN ANTICIPATION Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 36 TACTICAL FLIGHT PLAN • • • • • • • TACTICAL FPLN ACTIVATION IN NORMAL OR REVERSE WAY SELECTION OF 1ST OR 2ND ITINERARY REQUIRED TIME OF ARRIVAL AVAILABLE ON EACH WPT MAX TERRAIN ALTITUDE FOR EACH LEG ALTITUDE MARGIN DIRECT TO DOWNSTREAM TACTICAL WPT SELECTABLE TURN ANTICIPATION 115 101 1st itinerary 116 118 117 119 122 Decision wpt 140 145 2nd itinerary 150 Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 37 SAR FLIGHT PLAN • SEARCH AND RESCUE PATTERNS : – LADDER – EXPANDING SQUARE – SECTOR • • INTERRUPT AND RESUME ABILITY PATTERN PARAMETERS ADJUSTMENT bearing bearing bearing 02 03 02 03 length spacing 06 length 07 01 (origin) 03 spacing 02 length 01 (origin) 04 05 04 01 (origin) 05 04 LADDER EXPANDING SQUARE SECTOR Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 38 LATERAL NAVIGATION • LEG GUIDANCE DATA : – CROSS TRACK DISTANCE & ANGLE, – WPT BEARING, DISTANCE & TIME • ROLL COMMAND COMPUTATION FOR AFCS COUPLING • TURN ANTICIPATION WHERE NO OVERFLY REQUIRED • WAYPOINT ALERT • NAVIGATION ACCURACY CHECK versus RNP (automatic generation with manual override) • TRUE OR MAG NAVIGATION, WITH AUTOMATIC MAGNETIC VARIATION Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 39 VERTICAL NAVIGATION • DISPLAY OF VERTICAL CONSTRAINTS INCLUDED IN SID / STAR / APPROACH • FLIGHT LEVEL SELECTION • TOP OF DESCENT, TOP OF CLIMB, LEVEL INTERCEPTION • VERTICAL DEVIATION COMPUTATION • CRUISE ALTITUDE STEPS MANAGEMENT Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 40 PERFORMANCES / PREDICTIONS • WEIGHT ENTRIES : EMPTY, FUEL, RESERVE, ... • FUEL FLOW INTEGRATION, GROSS WEIGHT COMPUTATION • FUEL CONSUMPTION AND ENDURANCE • MEAN CRUISE WIND ENTRY • ETA / FUEL ON ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN • ETA / FUEL ON ALTERNATE WAYPOINT • NON RETURN POINT COMPUTATION AND DISPLAY • FUEL ALERTS : END OF FLIGHT PLAN, ALTERNATE Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 41 RADIO NAV AUTOTUNING • AUTOTUNING OF : – – – – VOR 1 VOR 2 DME CHANNEL 3 ADF • NAVAIDS IDENTIFICATION DISPLAY • BEARING AND DISTANCE DISPLAY • FREQUENCIES CONTROL • AUTOTUNING ENABLE / DISABLE • NEAREST NAVAIDS LIST DISPLAY Nov 2009 HDDs and Data Entry 42