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HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 1 CONTENT YEAR – 1996-2000 SECTION I GENERAL VARIETY OF LIVING ORGANISMS 1. 2. Diversity of organisms Classification 1996: 1a. Distinguish between fungi and pine, role of spores and seeds, wind dispersal, how fungi can obtain nutrients 1998 : 1a. Photo of marine animals, identify reptile & invertebrate, difference between whale & fish, explain the difference in daily intake/mass between whale & fish, prevent the extinction of turtle SECTION II THE CELL 1. 2. 3. 4. The basic structure of a cell Life process in a cell Cell division The cell as a basic unit of life 1998: 1b. Exp using dialysis tubing, plot graph, explain result in using sucrose and glucose solution 1999: 1c. Table to show effect of temp & pineapple juice on jelly formation, explain why jelly cannot solidify, explain the difference in results between two treatment, explain why pineapple juice can tenderize beef 2000: 3c. Photomicrograph of plant cell in sucrose solution, describe and explain the change in apperance, explain why some cells did not change, state actions need to take to change from low power to high power HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 2 CONTENT SECTION III MAINTENANCE OF LIFE 1. Food and nutrition a. b. Modes of nutrition Food requirement of humans i. ii. c. Food substances A balanced diet YEAR – 1996-2000 1996: 2c. Diagram of alimentary canal, function of epiglottis, name gut movement, role of pancreatic juice, effect of removal of colon, function of E 1997: 1b. Bar chart to show comp. of food, identify food substance, effect of eating chocolate, importance of pork and fish 4a. Exp to study conditions for photo., destarch, function of soda lime, describe iodine test, draw conclusion Nutrition in mammals i. ii. iii. iv. Ingestion and digestion Absorption Assimilation Egestion d. Nutrition in plants i. Photosynthesis - Nature of photosynthesis - The structure of a leaf Mineral requirements in plants 1998: 4c. Exp to show digestion of egg cubes, draw conclusion, action of enzyme, identify digestive juice & its function, changing condition of experiment 2a. Photo of leaf & root, function of cell type, structural adaptation, flowchart to outline route of transport of organic food, labelled diagram of plant cell ii. 1999: 2b. Diagram of human digestive system, explain why digestion of fat is affected after removal of gall bladder, explain why the removal of small intestine may lead to reduce in body weight, function of insulin 2000: 2a. Diet of a girl, explain how the diet can help to reduce weight, explain how amino acid can provide energy, mineral deficiency disease, describe a food test for fat 4a. Investigation of temp. on amylase, draw conclusion from graph, suggest temp. for storage of crushed grain with reasons, suggest another method to estimate the amylase activity 1b. X.S. of leaf, name tissues, calculate density of chloroplast, significance of chloroplast distribution, design an investigation to test that xylem is responsible for transport HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 3 CONTENT SECTION III MAINTENANCE OF LIFE YEAR – 1996-2000 2. Respiration and gaseous exchange a. b. Respiration Gaseous exchange in human i. ii. c. The structure of the human breathing system The process of gaseous exchange 1996: 3c. Experiment to measure resp. rate, simple word equation, explain change of water level, use of control, different result in higher temp. Gaseous exchange in plant 1997: 4b. Yeast in bread making, explain the change in volume of dough, application of yeast, draw diagram to show bread mould 2a. Photograph to show lung tissue, identify tissue, mechanism of inhalation, effect of cigarette smoking, disease caused by tar, labelled diagram to show presence of tar 1998: 3c. Set-up to measure rate of resp., word equation, function of KOH, explain result, calculate the rate of resp., state precautions if set-up is used to measure the rate of resp in plant 1999: 4b. Exp. to show resp. of mealworm, explain why the set up can be used to measure rate of resp., draw conclusion from result of experiment, explain the precaution of the experiment 2000: 1c. Air sac of human, describe how tidal air reaches the blood, change of tidal air when one breathes deeply, explain the effect of deep breathing on rate of O2 uptake, effect of smoking HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 4 CONTENT YEAR – 1996-2000 1996: 4a. Experiment on potato cube, explain rise in sucrose sol., draw conclusions, draw diagram to show potato cell, explain the presence of sucrose in boiled potato 2a. Exp. using bubble potometer, explain movement of bubble, calculate rate of water loss, effect of light intensity, how to adjust bubble position 1997: 1a. Exp. on rate of water loss in leaves, name process, estimate leaf area, calculate rate of water loss, faster water loss on leaf surface, effect of light intensity 1999: 2a. Experiment to show change in mass of a leaf when illuminated by spotlight, calculate the change in mass, explain the purpose of the experiment, explain the results of the exp. with reference to the distribution of stomata, how to demonstrate that stomata are only present on the lower epidermis 1996: 1b. Diagrams of artery and capillary, structural adaptations, shape of RBC, coronary artery 1997: 2c. Section of heart & cardiac cycle, identify chamber, describe & explain change in pressure, condition of valve, effect of malfunction valve, identify heart chamber that receive CO and vitamin C 1998: 3a. Diagram shows arteriole to venule, explain importance of branching in capillary, describe formation of tissue fluid, state the chamber of heart that receive lymph, flow of blood in vein 1999: 1b. Graph to show changes of heart rate in exercise, explain the change of heart rate after fitness test, deduce whose heart can pump out more blood, write word equation for lactic acid fermentation, explain the importance of the process. 2000: 3a. Photomicrograph of capillary, name blood vessel with reason, formation of tissue fluid, draw diag. to show x.s. of blood vessel, use flow chart to show the route of RBC from small intest. to lung 3. Water and Organisms a. b. The importance of water to life Water relations of the organisms i. ii. in animals in plants 4. Transport in Organisms a. The circulatory system in mammals i. ii. b. Blood The heart and blood vessels Transport in flowering plants HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 5 CONTENT YEAR – 1996-2000 5. Support and Movement a. b. c. Support in mammals Support in plants Locomotion in mammals 1997: 4c. Photo of woman posture, function of semi-circular canal in detecting head movement, bicep & tricep, structural feature of backbone, advantage of regular exercise 1998: 2c. Diagram of human skeleton, naming & classification of joint, explain the role of vertebrae, suggest method to reduce the chance of getting osteoporosis 6. Integration and behaviour a. Detection of environmental conditions in mammals i. ii. iii. iv. v. b. c. Sight Hearing Balance Smell and taste Touch and heat 1996: 1c. Photograph of roadside, cause of short sight, draw ray diagram, correction, color vision 1998: 4a. Diagram shows a boy sitting, draw image on retina, describe how image generates vision, describe the changes in focusing near object, draw ray diagram to show long sight Growth response of plants Coordination in mammals i. ii. Nervous coordination Hormonal coordination 1999: 4a. Diagram of ear, state structure with hair cells, state sensory function of hair cells, explain why one cannot hear clearly when moving up a lift, explain why ear may become infected after suffering from a sore throat 2000: 2b. Investigation on effect of light on pupil size, describe the effect, explain the significance of change in pupil size, draw a flowchart to show the pathway, explain why pupils appear to be black HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 6 CONTENT YEAR – 1996-2000 d. Homeostasis in mammals i. Excretion and osmoregulation ii. Regulation of body temperature iii. Regulation of glucose level in blood 1996: 3b. Diagram of kidney machine, movement of urea, explain long treatment time, retain of useful substances, kidney transplantation 4c. Experiment on skin & body temp, describe change in skin temp., physio. change in skin, effect of environ. temp on body temp, effect of R.H. 1997: 3a. Table to show conc. of glucose in blood, rate of filtering in glomer and uring, plot graph, calculate rate of filtering and rate of excreting, relate with function of kidney tubule, reason for presence of glucose in urine 1999: 2c. Exp. of a person under different temp, and RH, explain why heat loss was effected through sweating, explain why it is dangerous to have vigorous when RH is high 2000: 4c. Table to show ways of water loss from a person under 2 conditions, compare & explain the difference in the 2 conditions, explain the decrease of urine production in exercise, explain how exhalation may lead to water loss 3b. 3 experiments on diabetes, draw conclusion from result, state aim of 1 experiment, explain the result if treated with pancreas extracts by injection, explain why urine of diabetic person contains glucose 7. Body defence a. b. Physical and chemical barriers Functions of blood in body defence 1996: 2bii. Explain vaccination can protect our body 1998: 2b. Table to show blood test of hepatitis B, explain vaccination, explain result of blood test, measures to prevent transmission of hepatitis HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 7 CONTENT SECTION IV DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANISMS AND CONTINUITY OF LIFE 1. Reproduction a. b. YEAR – 1996-2000 1997: 2b. Str of flower & fruit, state & explain the agent for pollination, dispersal mechanism, difference in genetic composition between seed and flesh c. Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction in flowering plants 3b. Seed germination, tropic response of root, significance, functions of cotyledons, wilting of i. Flowers seedling resulted form excessive amt of fertilizer ii. Pollination and fertilization iii. Seeds and fruits 1998: Sexual reproduction in human 3b. Diagram to show reproduction in plant, purpose of removing anthers & covering flower, describe the i. Reproductive system events that lead to zygote formation, advantage of ii. Development of embryo reproducing plant with stem tubers iii. Birth control 1999: 1a. Diagram to show cloning of Dolly, explain chromosome number, explain why embryoic is smaller than egg cell, explain which parent has same characteristics as Dolly, explain whether Dolly is produced by sexual process or not? 3c. Graph shows changes of uterine thickness, state function of uterus, explain why period is better chance to have pregnancy, explain why safety period is not a good method for contraception 2000: 2c. Section of a flower, advantage and disadvantage of self-pollinated, suggest how to ensure cross pollination, monohybrid inheritance, use genetic diagram to explain the F2 ratio (3:1) 1a. Chromosome test in foetus, state sex, sex determination, chromosome abnormality, risk in chromosome test, differences between blood entering and leaving the foetus. 2. Growth and development a. b. Growth Development 1999: 3b. Diagram of develping seedling, effect of auxin, explain why spec. region of root is used for exp., test the explanation, effect of removing the root tip HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 8 CONTENT YEAR – 1996-2000 SECTION V GENETICS 1. 2. 3. Genes and inheritance The pattern of inheritance Variation a. b. Causes Significance 1996: 3a. Table to show results of 2 crosses, determine dominant/recessive, state genotype, genetic diagram to show crosses, self cross 1997: 1c. Pedigree to show human disease, state genotype, deduce genotype without genetic diagram, explain result, test before marriage, cause of anaemia 1998: 1c. Pedigree to show diabetes, deduce dominant / recessive, state genotype, suggestions for diabetic person to maintain normal blood glucose level 2000: 2c. Section of a flower, advantage and disadvantage of self-pollinated, suggest how to ensure cross pollination, monohybrid inheritance, use genetic diagram to explain the F2 ratio (3:1) HKCEE Q. / 1996-2000 / P. 9 CONTENT SECTION VI INTER-RELATIONSHIP OF ORGANISMS WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH ENVIRONMENT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. The ecosystem Energy flow within an ecosystem Cycling of materials Ecological interdepedence of organisms Man and micro-organisms Man's effect on his environment YEAR – 1996-2000 1996: 4b. Diagram to show food web, state relationship, effect of light on algal population, accumulation of DDT 2b. Explain leguminous plant can grow well in poor soil, explain birth control may contribute to conservation 1997: 3c. Diagram of food web, flow of energy, effect of removing one member in food web, classify vertebrate, ecological value of Mai Po 1998; 4b. Photo to show farming on hill slopes, effect of removal of trees, use of fruits, growing leguminous plants, effect of monoculture 1999: 4c. An extract from newspaper article, explain why fish farms are affected by red tide at night time, explain why the risk of poisoning is much higher to eat large marine fish 3a. Set-up to compare effect of air and exhause gas on the growth of algae, meaning of dry mass, explain the difference in dry mass of algae, explain the effect of exhaust gas on growth of algae, effect on global temp if exhaust gas is used in algal cul. 2000: 4b. Water sample of HK seawater, explain how suspended solids affect the population of producer, explain how organic pollutants affect bacterial population, duduce the site that contains greatest amount of organic pollutants with reason, significance of marine parks in conservation.