Audio Recording and Editing in Audacity
Shared by: leader6
-
Stats
- views:
- 0
- posted:
- 1/21/2013
- language:
- English
- pages:
- 6
Document Sample


Audio Recording and Editing in Audacity
University Marketing June 2009
The following guide offers general instructions for creating and processing audio files. We have used the
free audio editing program Audacity, but many of the basics illustrated here are applicable to any audio
editing environment.
For more in‐depth information, make an appointment for technical support and further tutorials with
ECIT staff by emailing ecit@emory.edu. The ECIT lab is located on the main floor of the Woodruff Library.
Equipment and Software
Microphone There are many options for microphones (ranging in price from $6 to hundreds of dollars), either
connecting to your computer via USB or to the 3.5mm jack plug. If you need to purchase a microphone, visit
www.itunes.emory.edu/contribute/devices.html for recommendations.
Audacity Software Audacity is a free software program for recording and editing audio. It can be downloaded
here. Download version 1.2.6 (vs. the beta version of 1.3.5) and install (run) the program. Instructions for PC
users can be found on the internally-facing ‘Exclusively Emory’ iTunes U site within the Faculty Showcase >>
Tipsheets tab.
LAME MP3 Encoder Plug-in This plug-in is needed to convert the file created in Audacity to an MP3 format
which can then be uploaded into iTunes U. You can download this plug-in here (make sure to read these
instructions – and save them).
Speaker Release Form Everyone included on the recording – and yes, that includes you, must complete a
Speaker Release Form. Emory’s Speaker Release Form is available here. Forms must be signed and faxed in to
University Communications (404.727.3750) to become part of the comprehensive database.
Prep & Script the Recording
It is always best to prepare for a recording by scripting the conversation, speech, interview questions, etc.
Remember, you can be creative. If you want to give a “mini‐lecture” on a particular topic, you can. On the
other hand, you might want to interview a colleague on a specific issue and that is fine as well. No matter
your plan of action, give yourself permission to think outside the box and write a script before you begin
recording.
Tips to Improve Recording Quality
Background Noise
Steady background ‘environmental’ noise can actually lend authenticity to your recording, such as voices
overheard at a distance during Wonderful Wednesday. However, the majority of background noise will be
severely distracting.
White noise including high‐pitched whines and HVAC breezes (a huge problem in the majority of office
settings) that are present during the entire recording generally cannot be edited out. Do you best to turn
off unnecessary equipment (nearby computers) and find quiet rooms.
1
The microphone will pick up distinct and discreet noises such as the Blackberry wheel, truck back‐up
beeps and coughing. These sounds can be edited out, provided they happen during pauses in the audio
you want. It is not possible to separate out a cough in the audience from a sentence by your lecturer.
Provide cough drops.
Mic Placement
The closer to the source, the better. Discourage mic‐ed speakers from making excessive hand gestures
that may be recorded. Q&A or discussion can be very difficult to capture with one microphone, and is best
left to the professionals.
Recording in Audacity
You can record audio directly in Audacity using either a USB‐connected microphone or the 3.5mm jack
mic‐in jack (make sure to plug it into the microphone jack, not the headphones jack).
Check to ensure:
• Microphone is powered on
• The computer’s sound settings recognize the mic, check those settings here:
• Mac OS: System Preferences >> Sound >> Sound Input
• Windows XP: Right‐click on Volume Control in the taskbar >> Adjust Audio Properties >>
Voice
• Audacity recognizes the mic, check those settings here:
• Mac OS: Audacity >> Preferences >> Audio I/O
• Windows XP: Audacity >> File >> Properties >> Audio I/O
• The input volume is sufficiently high
How to Record Audio
When you open Audacity, the main part of the screen will look empty – but there are icons at the top that
should look familiar (play, record, pause, stop).
To record a new file, click the RECORD button and begin speaking (if your microphone has an ON/OFF
button, make sure the microphone is ON). When you have finished, click the STOP button.
Test the SetUp to Check Input Volume Levels
2
It is very important to capture a test before your recording session begins. As you record a simulation of
what you are about to capture, you will notice that the INPUT LEVEL METER turns red to indicate the
volume of the mic input. The level should be about in the middle of the meter.
Play back your audio to see how the volume sounds. As you play back your audio, the Output Level Meter will
show green.
If either volume is too high or too low, adjust the Output Volume and Input Volume sliders that are found at
the top of your Audacity screen (to the right of the Input/Output Level Meters). You may also want to adjust
the position of the speaker closer or further away.
Once you are ready to go, there is no need to save the test audio.
Record the Desired Audio
Hit the red RECORD button and you’re off! If during your recording, you want to pause, just click the PAUSE
button and when you are ready to resume speaking, click PAUSE again. Remember to click the STOP button
when you have finished.
Save the recordings in smaller sections or in full length—it’s up to you. But do be sure to save it. Save Project
creates an Audacity file (.aup) that is good for editing, but cannot be opened by any other program. Once
you are finished editing, you will want to save the file as an uncompressed .wav and also export it to an
Mp3 file.
Keep Track of Your Tracks
Once you finish recording your audio, you will see the audio track that you just recorded. It will probably
look similar to the image below.
Realistically, you will probably not record the entire final piece in one take, therefore you will want to
stop and start the audio or splice together several pieces.
Notice that most audio editing software is built to handle the editing of multiple tracks together. In
Audacity, multiple tracks will be displayed vertically and the sounds will play back at the same time. If
you are stopping and starting recording, you can avoid creating a new track with each new recording.
Simply click the purple SKIP TO END button to set the cursor at the end of your current track.
Audio Editing
Now that you have completed capturing the audio, it is recommended you retain the original file (either
.aup, .mp3 or .wav file recorded off of another device) and create a duplicate copy to work with. Use
3
Audacity to open the copy file. Be sure to Save As to create a new Audacity file (.aup) version to house the
raw track during editing.
Editing will take time and require that you listen to the entire audio many times over.
Familiarize Yourself with Audacity’s Track System
This is a very simple audio editing program. Take note of whether your microphone recorded in mono
(two mono tracks shown below, each in a single line) or stereo (it will show two lines of audio for the left
and the right side). Notice that each track has a control box on the very left side. You can delete the entire
track by clicking the X in the upper right corner of the control box, or make changes to the type of track by
using the drop down menu from the triangle next to the X.
Set Up the View
Precision is important. Use the ZOOM options under the View heading, or the magnifying glass buttons to
zoom in to see only 10 seconds of audio at a time. This will allow you greater precision when finding the
exact portion of the audio to delete (or move).
Playing Back the Audio
Use the scroll bar across the bottom to maneuver along the track, taking note of the time markers. Use the
purple SKIP TO START or SKIP TO END buttons to move the cursor to the beginning or end.
Keep your mouse set on the SELECTION TOOL (looks like an uppercase I or cursor) for the majority of
your editing needs. To speed editing, use key commands:
• Space bar – starts and stops play back
• Arrow keys – left and right moves the cursor to fine tune highlighted sections
• Standard Save, Undo, Select All, Cut, Copy and Paste key commands apply
Altering the Volume Level
4
Listen to the audio using headphones and determine if the overall volume needs to be raised or lowered
across the entire piece. Use your ear to compare the piece to other audio on your computer. Is it louder or
softer? If necessary, select (highlight) the entire track and use Effect >> Amplify. The system automatically
recommends an amplification dB level, but feel free to experiment.
If you’d like to change the volume level at specific places in the piece, select only that portion of the track
and use the same Effect >> Amplify. If you would prefer to change the volume over time (often used to
create a fade‐out effect), use the hourglass shaped ENVELOPE tool to shape the sound levels.
Cut Unwanted Sounds and Rearrange the Audio
Listen to the entire piece for ums, clicks, clapping, verbal stumbles, dead air, inaudible questions, and
other discreet sounds from your track.
If you hear something you would like to delete while listening, pause the play back and use the Selection
Tool to select (highlight by dragging the cursor across) the portion you would like to cut out. Hit the
Delete key to remove it. To grab very small, precise sections, you can use the shift and arrow keys to
highlight and select audio.
Be careful not to edit out natural pauses and breaths. Also, leave a few seconds of room noise at the
beginning and end of the track.
Events, lectures and formal speeches should be preserved as they were given, although it may be
appropriate to break up the long pieces. Narrations may need to be rearranged to more clearly convey the
message of the piece. For Q&A or discussion, it works well to preserve only the answer and title each
short track with the question.
To move audio around, use the Delete, Copy and Paste tools. Highlight the section that you want to copy,
then use Edit >> Copy. Position your cursor where you would prefer that audio to be placed and use Edit
>> Paste.
Normalize the Audio
Before you finalize your file and export it to an MP3 format, you want to "normalize" it, which will take
the highs and lows and minimize the difference between them. To do this, select all of your audio and use
the Effect >> Normalize option. When prompted, click the OK button in the Normalize Dialog Box.
Add Intros & Exits
All multimedia produced by Emory University must include an Emory University intro and exit. You can
download the audio Mp3 files from the internal‐facing iTunesU site. Open the files in audacity and Copy
and Paste them at the very beginning and the very end of the track.
To quickly and efficiently add intros and exits, you can use the Episode Pro program available in the ECIT
lab. Input multiple files for batch processing, and the program will return the files in the format you have
specified with the intros and exits automatically added.
5
Going from Stereo to Mono
Your audio track may be in stereo, depending on the recording device used. However, all intros and
exits are in mono, and you may have the desire to mix in mono audio from other pieces. If this is the
case, you will need to split the track and recombine it into mono.
Follow these steps:
• Select Split Stereo Track from the drop down arrow on the track’s left hand control box
• From the same drop down menu, make each track Mono
• Recombine the tracks by selecting Project >> Quick Mix
Export Mp3
Once you are satisfied with your audio, select File >> Export as Mp3.
If this is the first time you are attempting to export an Mp3 from Audacity on your computer, you will
need to tell Audacity where the LAME encoder file is saved. A dialog box will explain this, and clicking Yes
will prompt you to locate the file. Go find where you saved the file and click Open.
You will be prompted with a box allowing you to “Edit the ID3 Tags for the Mp3 File” dialog box. Fill in the
information if you choose to (it will help you find it when you import to iTunes U). If you plan to use Episode
Pro, skip this step, as the tags will be stripped out.
6
Get documents about "