Roots_ Prefixes and Suffixes

Common Word Roots Root agri anthropo astro bio cardio cede chromo demos derma dyna geo gyneco-, gyn helio hydro hypno ject magni man(u) mono ortho pod psycho pyro script terra thermo zoo Meaning field man star life heart go color people skin power earth female sun water sleep throw great, big hand one straight foot mind fire write earth heat animal Example agronomy anthropology astronaut biology cardiac precede chromatology democracy epidermis dynamic geology gynocology heliotrope hydroponics hypnosis eject magnify manuscript monoplane orthodox pseudopod psychology pyrometer manuscript terrace thermometer zoology Definition field-crop production and soil management the study of man one who travels in interplanetary space the study of life pertaining to the heart to go before the science of colors government by the people the outer layer of skin characterized by power and energy the study of the earth The study of female reproductive health any plant that turns toward the sun growing of plants in water reinforced with nutrients a state of sleep induced by suggestion to throw out to enlarge, to make bigger written by hand airplane with one wing right, true, straight opinion false foot study of the mind in any of its aspects an instrument for measuring temperatures hand written a raised platform of earth instrument for measuring heat the study of animals Common Prefixes anteantiautobenecircumcontrabefore against self good around against antebellum antifreeze automatic benefit circumscribe contradict before the war liquid used to guard against freezing self-acting or self-regulating an act of kindness; a gift to draw a line around; to encircle to speak against dedisdysectoendoexequiextrahyperhypoininterintraintromacromalmicromultineononpanpolypostpreproprotopseudore-, redre-, redretrosemisubsuperteletrans- reverse, remove apart bad outside within out equal beyond over under in between within in, into large bad small many new not all many after before for first false back again together backward half under above far across defoliate dislocate dysfunctional ectoparasite endogamy excavate equidistant extraterrestrial hypertension hypotension interim intervene intramural introspect macroscopic maladjusted microscopic multimillionaire neolithic nonconformist pantheon polygonal postgraduate precede proponent prototype pseudonym rejuvenate reconnect retrospect semicircle submerge superfine telescope transalpine remove the leaves from a tree to unlodge not functioning parasite living on the exterior of animals marriage within the tribe to dig out equal distance beyond the earth high blood pressure low blood pressure in between come between within bounds of a school to look within, as one's own mind large enough to be observed by the naked eye badly adjusted so small that one needs a microscope to observe one having two or more million dollars new stone age one who does not conform a temple dedicated to all gods having many sides after graduating to go before a supporter first or original model false name; esp., an author's pen-name to make young to put together again a looking back on things half a circle to put under water extra fine seeing or viewing afar across the Alps Number prefixes uni- one tetra- four oct- eight mono- one bi- two duo- two di- two tri- three quad- four quint- five pent- five sex- six hex- six sept- seven hept- seven nov- nine dec- ten lat- side ped- foot pod- foot Math & Science Affixes and Roots Root or Affix aqua (water) hydro (water) hemi (half) semi (half) equi (equal) tele (far off) micro (small) onomy (science of) ology (study of) uni (one) bi (two) tri (three) octa (eight) dec (ten) centi (hundred) milli (thousand) bio (life) astro (star) thermo (heat) meter (measure) ped (foot) pod (foot) Example aquarium hydroplane hemisphere semicircle equivalent telescope microfilm astronomy geology universe bicycle triangle octagon decade centimeter millimeter biology astronaut thermodynamic diameter pedestrian tripod Prefixes that mean "no": a- de- dis-, in- non- un-, contra Examples: disqualify, nondescript, unscrupulous, contradict, inadvertent Prefix a-, andeMeaning without, not reverse action, away Examples asexual, atypical, amoral, anarchy defrost, demystify, desensitize, deduct dis-, dif-, diin-, il-, it-, imnonuncontra-, counter- not, apart not not not against dissatisfied, disorganized, different, divert inappropriate, invisible, illegal, impossible nonproductive, nonessential, nonsense unlikely, unnoticeable, unreliable contrary, contradict, counterproductive Prefixes that indicate "when," "where," or "more": pre-, post-, ante-, inter-, infra-, traps-, sub-, circum-, ultra Examples: premature, postscript, anteroom, intervene, transformation Prefix pre-, propostanteinterintratranssubcircumultraMeaning before after before between, among within across under around beyond, on the far side of, excessive Examples pre-dinner, preliminary, previous, prologue postwar, postoperative, postpone antecedent, antechamber interstate, intercept, interfere intramural, intrastate, intravenous transcontinental, transparent, transaction submarine, submerge, subjugate circumnavigate, circumference ultrasonic, ultraviolet, ultraconservative Latin Prefix/ Greek Prefix a-, anabadambianaanteantiapobi-/biscatacircumconcontra- Meaning "alpha privative", a negative away from to, towards, near both up, back again, throughout, against before, in front of against away from twice, double down, across, under around with against dedidiadisdyse-, ex- (Lat.) ec- ex- (Gk.) ectoexoenendoepiextraeuhemihyperhypoinininfrainterintrointusmetanonopisthopalinparaperperipostpreproprosoreretrosemisub- down, from, away from two, twice, double through apart, removed hard, difficult, bad out of outside outside, outward in within on, upon outside, beyond, in addition to well, good, easy half over, above, below, under in, into, on You often see this prefix as im. Used wtih verbal roots. not; occasionally, beyond belief below between within within with, after, beyond not behind again along side of, beside through, thorough, complete around, near after, behind in front of, before before, in front of onwards, in front back, again backward half under, below super-, suprasyntransultra- above, upper with across beyond Adjective Root Suffix=Word The following tables contain Greek and Latin adjectives in the form used to combine with English words. Meaning in English big little long short wide narrow round square thick thin heavy hard soft wet dry (Xerox®) sharp cold hot right front middle many few strong bottom old Greek & Latin mega-, megalo-, makro-; magni-, grandimicro-; parvimacro-, dolicho; longibrachy-; brevieury, platy-; latisteno-; angusticyclo-, gyro; circuliquadrati- rectangulipachy-, pycno-, steato;crassilepto-; tenuibary-; gravisclero-, scirrho-; durimalaco-; mollihygro-, hydro-; humidixero-; siccioxy-; acricryo- psychro-; frigidithermo-; calididexio-; dextriproso-, proto-; frontalimeso-; mediopoly-; multioligo-; paucistheno-; validi-, potentihypo-; imi-, intimipaleo-, archeo-; veteri-, seni- scaio-; scaevo- levi, sinistri- left neo-, ceno-; novi crypto-, calypto-; opertitauto-; identihomo-, homeo-; similieu-, kalo-, kallo-; bonidys-, caco-; maliceno-, coelo-; vacuoholo-; totiidio-; proprio-, suiallo-; alieniglyco-; dulcipicro-; amariiso-; equihetero-, allo-; varioColors new hidden same alike good bad empty entirely one's own another's sweet bitter equal different Greek & Latin coccino-, erythto-, rhodo-, eo-; purpureo-, rubri-, rufi-, rutuli-, rossi-, roseo-, flammeochryso-, cirrho-; aureo-, flavo-, fulvixantho-, ochreo-; fusci-, luteochloro-; prasini-, viridicyano-, iodo-; ceruleo-, violaceoporphyro-; puniceo-, purpureoleuko-; albo-, argentipolio-, glauco-, amauro-; cani-, cinereo-, atrimelano-; nigriNumerals Some are derived from adverbs, most from adjectives. Meaning in English 1/2 1 1-1/2 2 3 Meaning in English Reds of various shades orange yellow green blue violet white gray black Greek & Latin semi-; hemihen- ; unisesquidyo (di-, dis-) ; duo(bi-, bis-) tri-; tri- tetra-, tessaro;quadripenta-;quinque hex, hexa-;sexhepta-;septemocto-;octoennea-;novemdeca-;decemdodeca-; duodecim hecatonta-;centichilio-;millimyri-, myriad-; 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 100 1000 any large or countless number