A Handbook

A Handbook For Businessmen and Travelers To Changsha, Hunan, China Manuscript (the first draft)



GENERAL INTRODUCTION Changsha, city in southern China, the capital of Hunan Province, is one of the first nationally promulgated cities noted for its history and culture. It is laurelled as an excellent city for tourism in China. Human events existed here as early as the Neolithic Age. During the Eastern (Later) Chou (771-221 BC), which included the Spring and Autumn period (771-481 BC) and the Warring States period (481-221 BC), Changsha became an important place of Chu State for its strategic importance and food supplies. It was set up as a city even then, historically called ―Grand Town in South Chu State‖. The Ch‘in Empire (221-206 BC) established Changsha Shire here as one of the 36 shires of the whole empire but listed and classified it for the first time as a No. one administrative area in the whole nation.



From Ch‘in Empire to T‘ang Dynasty (618--907), Changsha became the capital of two Kingdoms, showing its magnificent position in politics, economy and culture. In 1664, Hunan and Guangdong came into being as two provinces, and thereafter, Changsha became the capital of Hunan Province. In 1904, Changsha formally opened its wharf and established its maritime customs. Changsha, this ancient city, has experienced many sensational historical events and accumulated profound history and culture. One can feel great and abundant Hunan culture and touch the soul of this historic and cultural city from such historic sites and famous scenic spots as Yuelu Academy, one of the four greatest academies of the North Song Dynasty, and Heavenly Heart Pavilion (Tianxinge), from a large number of excavated historic relics like Mawangdui, Zoumalou etc. and from the historical people and events of every dynasties recorded in history. As a poem goes, “Successive vicissitudes of life never change its constancy; Reputation remains whenever it encounters calamities.” Such is Changsha. Changsha is a fusion of mountains, water, isles and castles. Inside the castles are mountains and water, while in the water are isles and woods. Xiangjiang River cuts across the city center, and runs into Dongting Lake in a mighty and torrential manner. Orange (Juzi) Isle in the middle of Xiangjiang River is one of the biggest isles in the river of the whole country. On the west bank of Xiangjiang River is a verdant Yuelu Mountain, covering 5.2 square kilometers. It presents such a spectacular view described in an old couplet, “To Hengshan Mountain comes floating southwest clouds; Into Dongting Lake flows day and night the river sounds”. Today‘s Changsha is the political, economic and cultural centre of Hunan Province, China. Five districts---Furong, Tianxin, Yuelu, Kaifu and Yuhua, three counties --Changsha County, Wangcheng, Ningxiang and one city--- Liuyang City are under its jurisdiction. Its total area is 11,800 square kilometers, with a population of more than 6,000,000. As a result of more than 20 years‘ reform and open, tremendous changes have taken place in Changsha. Rapid and powerful strides have been made especially in the last few years, under the influence of the slogan ―one change in a year, great changes in three years‖. In order to combine ancient culture and modern civilization and integrate human creativity with natural landscape, the developments of building a business district in the downtown area on the east bank of Xiangjiang River and a cultural area of Yuelu Mountain on the west bank have been stepped up, together with National Changsha Economic & Technical Development Zone and High-tech Industrial Development Zone in Xingsha and Wangchengbo. Three great projects, ―The Project of Green Mountains, Blue Water and Azure Sky,‖ ―Round-the-City Forestry Ecosphere Project‖ and ―Green Passage Project‖, have also been completely started, on the foundation of setting up‖a landscape belt along Xiangjiang River‖and ―a landscape belt along Liuyanghe River‖, which has taken on a completely new look full of vigor and vitality everywhere in Changsha. Changsha has already become more and more beautiful. Regional Atlas of Changsha City



Changsha City Flower: Azalea (With pictures) Azalea, fairy primrose (Primula malacoides) and gentian flower are called China‘s three famous flowers, and azalea is ranked in the first place. The weather and the soil in the Changsha region suit the growth of azalea very much. Every spring, showy, variously colored azalea flowers flourish everywhere in the mountains and plains in Changsha suburb, which presents a spectacular spring sight of Changsha. Changsha City Tree: Fragrant Camphor Tree (With pictures) Fragrant camphor, a kind of evergreen arbor, is native to the southeast coastal areas of China and introduced into the Changsha region during the Shui and T‘ang Dynasties. According to a general survey conducted by Park Department and Culture Department, one third of more than 200 ancient trees in Changsha are ancient camphor trees, 86 trees altogether, which are principal in the city. Important Festivals of Changsha City (With pictures) China Hunan Travel Festivals: Changsha Series Activities China‘s Gold Eagle Television Art Festival Liuyang International Fireworks Festival Commodity Fair of National Non-Staple Foodstuffs (Sugar, Tobacco and Wine) City Competitive Power Ranking Of Changsha City High-level degree of industrial structure, national rank 4 Index of city environment quantity, national rank 6 Index of resources advantage degree, national rank 7 Index of flexible adaptability of economic system, national rank 8 Index of political & cultural area advantage, national rank 12 Index of free decision-making degree of individual economy, national rank 12 Index of actual strength of science & technology, national rank 17 Index of Government programming ability, national rank 18



A Tablle off Entterrprriises,, Offfiices orr Brranch Orrganiizattiions iin Changsha IInvestted and A Tab e o En e p ses O ces o B anch O gan za ons n Changsha nves ed and Esttablliished by Worrlld 500 Betttterr Corrporrattiions Es ab shed by Wo d 500 Be e Co po a ons Offshore Enterprises Invested and Established in Changsha LG Philips Shuguang Electronic Co. Ltd. (LG, Korea And Philip, Holland) Metro Industry Management Company(Metro, German) Coca-Cola Beverage Co. Ltd.( Coca-Cola, United States)



Carrefour(Changsha) Supermarket(Carrefour, France) Changsha Wahaha Beverage Co. Ltd.(Danone, France) Wanda & Wal-mart Business Plaza (WAL-MART, United States) China Construction Materials (Changsha) Unique Curtain Decoration Co. Ltd.( Marubeni Corporation, Japan) Pricesmart (Changsha) Furong Store (Pricesmart, United States) Kentucky (Changsha) Co. Ltd.( Kentucky, United States) Electrolux Zhongyi (ChangSha) Refrigerators Co.,Ltd (Electrolux, Sweden) Hunan Broad & Suzuki Housing Equipments Co. Ltd.(Suzuki, Japan) Changsha Hitachi Car Electric Appliances Co. Ltd.( Hitachi, Japan) Hunan Schlumberger Telecommunication Equipment Co. Ltd. (Schlumberger, France) Changsha McDonald Co. Ltd.( McDonald, United States ) Changsha Merchants Bureau TOTAL FINA ELF Natural Gas Co. Ltd.( TOTAL FINA ELF, France) Offshore Offices in Changsha Changsha Office of Toshiba Products Service (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. (Toshiba, Japan) Changsha Office of Hp (Shanghai) Trading Co. Ltd.(Hp, United States) Changsha Office of Philips (China) Investment Co. Ltd. (Philips, Holland) Changsha Office of LG Electronic (China) Co. Ltd. (LG, Korea) Changsha Office of Sony (China) Co. Ltd. (Sony, Japan) Changsha Office of China Hp Co. Ltd.(Hp, United States) Changsha Office of Kodak( China) Incorporated Company (Kodak, United States) Hunan Office of China International Commercial Machines Co. Ltd. (IBM, United States) Changsha Office of Samsung( China) Investment Co. Ltd. (Samsung, Korea) Changsha Office of Siemens( China) Co. Ltd. (Siemens, German) Changsha Office of ERICSSON ( China) Co. Ltd. (ERICSSON, Sweden) Changsha Office of Exxon Mobil (China) Investment Co. Ltd. (Exxon, United States) Changsha Office of Switzerland ABB( China) Co. Ltd. Changsha Office of Nestle( China) Co. Ltd. ( Nestle, Switzerland) Changsha Office of Panasonic Electric Appliances (China) Co. Ltd. (Panasonic, Japan) Changsha Office of Nokia( China) Investment Co. Ltd. (Nokia, Finland) Changsha Office of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)( China) Investment Co. Ltd. (GlaxoSmithKline, England) Hunan Subsidiary of Shanghai Bell & Alcatel Incorporated Company ( Bell, United States & Alcatel, France)



Offshore Branch Organizations in Changsha Ricoh Electronic Technology (China) Co. Ltd. Changsha Subsidiary (Ricoh, Japan) Motolora (China) electronics Co. Ltd. Changsha Subsidiary (Motolora, United States) Guangzhou Pepsi-Cola Beverage Co. Ltd. Changsha Subsidiary (Pepsi-Cola, United States) Ricoh (China investment Co. Ltd. Changsha Subsidiary (Ricoh, Japan) Shanghai Hitachi Electric Tools Co. Ltd. Changsha Post Sales Service Subsidiary (Hitachi, Japan) China’s Enterprises in World 500 Better Corporations China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation China National Petroleum Corporation China Life Insurance (Group) Company China Mobile Communications Group (China Mobile) Industrial & Commercial Bank of China China Telecommunications Sino-chem Corporation (Sino-chem Import & Export Controlling Corporation) China Construction Bank Bank of China China Agricultural Bank China National Cereals, Oils & Foodstuffs IMP. &EXP. CORP



Contents Business Environment Land Workshops Telecommunication Water & Electricity Transportation (Air Freight, Transportation by Ship, Railroad and Highway) City Road Net Finance, Insurance, Securities S&T, Education and Hygiene (Science and Technology, Education, Medical Treatment) Manpower Resources (Labor Force, Staff Recruitment, Labor Cost, Employee Drifting Rate) Revenue (Company Income Tax, Turnover Tax, Other Taxes) Consumer Markets Industrial Park



Merchants Map of Changsha City Main Functional Departments of Changsha Municipal Government Cultural Recreation Changsha Downtown Map Folk Arts Delicacies On-Line Famous Special Local Products Museums and Libraries Vogue Amusement Shopping Resort Guidebook of Accommodations Landscape and Famous Scenic Spots Tourist Map of Changsha City Yuelu’s landscape Earthshaking Ancient Tombs Millenary Academy Ancient Heavenly Heart Pavilion (Tianxinge) Chinese Screen Painting in Orange Isle Dawei Bends Black-elk-like Strange Mount Mystery of Wei Mountain Famous Daowu historical sites Former Residence of Jiayi Kaifu Temple Ancient Baisha Well All-Round Information Travel Agency Civil Aviation Booking Office Train Ticket Commission Agent Highway Passenger Transport Service Telephones of Changsha City Business Environment Business Environment People in Changsha have applied themselves to the developments of ―prosperous, open, civilized, pretty‖ new Changsha since the beginning of a new century. As a result of their efforts to construct a good and broad development environment from inside and outside, they have made complete development and progress in their economy and society. Changsha, located in the center of the country‘s two big markets, southeast coastlands and Yangtze River valleys, is a front inland zone which leads to two coastal provinces Guangdong and Guangxi or to the southwest frontiers. It is also located in the interleaved zone among the four greatest commercial cities, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing and Wuhan, which can radiate their repeated effects on the Changsha region and make it a rear base to prop the open areas following the line of the sea and the river,



and furthermore a leading city of promoting the hinterland development. Changsha plays a pivotal role in connecting four different parts in the strategic layout of China‘s ―relying on the east and changing the west‖ and ―convecting the south into the north‖. It can win advantage from east and west and act in concert with south and north in a multilateral big circulation, with the result of the benefit from the powerful radiation of the coastal markets as well as the benefit from the fully bilateral connections with the inland markets. Changsha possesses the same privilege as parts of other provinces have and the preferential policy of the coastal open cities. It is a key development zone based on the strategy of Hunan‘s ―acting in cooperation with two ‗Dongs‘ (Guangdong, Pudong) and being open and leading‖. Therefore, it will surely impel such essential productive factors as funds, products, technology, information, talented people etc. to be congregated into the Changsha region from Hunan and even its adjacent provinces and Hong Kong-Macau. As a consequence, it can be fully developed on its own initiative, making a ―development pole‖ of the regional economy. With pictures here: Map of China (Mark each provincial capital in China, and display the regional advantage of Changsha) Changsha Downtown Panorama (a distant look at Xingcheng) Land (Pictures: Shifangping Cloverleaf Junction, scenic Furong District villa areas etc.)     In China, land is in the possession of the country or the collective. By and large, city land is in the possession of the country, while the outside land of city is in the possession of the collective. Foreign-investment enterprises cannot own the landholding power.They can rent the land only by purchasing the land-use right for a certain fixed number of years. Most of the foreign-investment enterprises acquire ―the right of using the transferring land‖ and obtain the certificate of the land-use right by paying the local government a nonrecurring charge. In allusion to industrial estate at different levels, Changsha Municipal Government has made a list of a standard land price as a direction of transferring the land price. These industrial estates are all equipped with essential basic facilities, such as water, electricity, and highways that link the main and trunk roads. A standard land price of transferring the right of using the industrial estate ( Yuan (RMB) /square meter) Grade 1 1066 Grade 2 796 Grade 3 508



Grade 4 Grade 5



385 263



Source (Offered by): Changsha Municipal State-Owned Land Resources Administration Bureau   The list of standard land price is established by State-owned Land Resources Administration Bureau according to the geographical position of various lands. Each industrial development zone has its own price of transferring the right of using land, but the actual knock down price should be decided by conferring with the administration of the development zone. The transferring price of land-use right of National Level Changsha High-Tech Industrial Development Zone is 224 Yuan/square meters. The transferring price of land-use right of National Level Changsha Economic & Technical Development Zone is 162 Yuan/square meters.



Workshops (Pictures: Broad Air-Condition City, A Composing Workshop of Brand Zhonglian Sweeping Machines Produced for Export by Zhonglian Construction Machines Industry Co. Ltd., Sanyi Large-Scale Industry of Private-Owned High-Tech Enterprise, Chuangzhi Software Park--one of the four greatest software enterprises)



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There are standard workshops provided for rent in each industrial area in Changsha. Annual rental depends on the size of the workshop you lease, which can be from 140 Yuan to 190 Yuan each square meter. ―Standard workshops‖ refers to those 6-storey high reinforced concrete workshops. The area of each storey is 1,000 square meters wide and 4-5 meters high. High-level office buildings are generally located in the city center, which is fairly convenient to transportation by car, plane and train and is also easy to reach the central business district.



Telecommunication (Pictures: Changsha Telecommunication Command Center, Changsha Telecom Building etc.)    In Changsha, China Telecom is a major corporation which provides a fixed telephone service; China Mobiles and China Unicom are two major corporations which provide a mobile telephone service; but in the realm of the IP telephone service there is a wide choice. The IP telephone is an economic choice to the customers who use the domestic and international long-distance telephone call.



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In Changsha, the data‘s special line most widely used by the enterprises is a DDN, which can be used not only as a safe, dependable and high-speed company‘s special line of internal data exchange, but also as the company's super-speed internet access. The DDN service provided by China Telecom can be a special line of a fiber optics cable or a satellite, and it is connected with more than 40 countries in the world by one of the three international exits (Respectively in Peking, Shanghai and Guangzhou). Changsha also provides various broad bands for the internet access service, for example DDN and LAN.



Water & Electricity (Pictures: Command Center of Electric Power, Changsha Fourth Water Factory, Disposition Factory of Dirty Water, 2,200,000 KV Transformer Substations)   Changsha has complete facilities for generating and conveying electric power, which can meet the needs of electricity for the whole city. At present, Changsha City has more than 94 transformer substations which have over 35 KV power capacity and the main substations have a capacity amounting to 2,700 thousand kilo volt-ampere (KVA), with the largest load in the power supply region 159.770 thousand kilowatt (KW). Electric power price is 0.567 Yuan every kilowatt-hour to the common industry, 0.994 Yuan every kilowatt-hour to the business users. The electricity charge for the users in the large-scale industry is divided into two parts, namely basic electricity price and electricity degree price. Basic Electricity Price: Regardless of the use of electricity, basic electricity price for every month is charged according to the standard of electric transformer power, about 16 Yuan every kilo volt-ampere. Electricity Degree Price: According to the kilowatt-hour used, electricity degree price is 0.441 Yuan every kilowatt-hour.    At present, coal gas is the main industrial gas in Changsha. In 2005, according to the national plan of ―conveying west gas to the east‖, natural gas will be conveyed to Changsha from China‘s western city, Chongqing. At present, Changsha has 6 water factories, which can supply 1,370,000 ton water every day.



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Transportation (Pictures: Changsha Railway Station, Changsha Huanghua International Airport, Changsha Passenger Transport Ferry, Reconstruction of Railway Electric Appliances, Intersection Cloverleaf Junction of Peking-Zhuhai and Changsha-Yong’an Expressway, New Xia’ning Port) Air Freight



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Many air freight express companies, like CAAC Express and DHL, provide domestic and international air freight express service, which can convey goods from Changsha to everywhere in the world. Goods can be sent from Changsha to other Asian countries in 2 days, to the west coast of the United States or Australia in 3 days, and to the east coast of the United States or Europe in 4 days.



Transportation by Ship  Changsha New Xia‘ning Port on Xiangjiang River is one of the 23 main inland river ports in China. The first stage project has already been in use, with an annual container throughput of 40 thousand standard containers, 2 berths for containers and 2 berths for sundries ships. When the second stage project is completed, the whole port will have 11 berths and 150 billion tons throughput capacity. River transportation is the most economic method in domestic long-distance transportation. Goods are usually conveyed by way of Shanghai to other coastal cities, for example Guangzhou, Qingdao or Tientsin. Shanghai and Shenzhen are two most commonly used transferring sea transportation harbors for Changsha‘s international transport by sea. Goods to Hong Kong, Europe or North America would generally be carried by way of Shenzhen by railroad, which will advance one more shipment sequence than by way of Shanghai. Goods to Japan etc will take Shanghai as a change harbor. Railroad Transportation   Changsha is a vital hinge-like position in Chinese railroad transportation. China‘s three main railroad transport lines run through Changsha: Peking-Guangzhou Line, Huan- Guizhou Line and Zhejiang-Jiangxi Line. Compared to river transportation, railroad transport is faster, but the freight is more expensive, too.



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Highway Transportation  Several national highways and provincial level roads are connected with Changsha, which include: No.107 National Highway (Peking-Shenzhen), Jing Zhu Expressway (Beijing-Zhuhai), No.319 National Highway (Xiamen-Chengdu), Chang Tan Expressway (Changsha- Xiangtan), Chang Chang Expressway(Changsha-Changde), Chang Yong Expressway(Changsha-Liuyang-Yong‘an). Changsha is also connected with other cities in Hunan Province by many interprovincial highways. Highway transportation is comparatively much more expensive.



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City Road Net (Pictures: Wujialin Cloverleaf Junction, Furong Road Cloverleaf Junction, Changsha Round-the-city Expressway Intersection)  The road net layout in Changsha is reasonable and functionally complete.Such railway lines as JingGuang (Beijing - Guangzhou), XiangQian (Hunan - Guizhou), Zhe Gan (Zhejiang - Jiangxi), Luo Zhan (Luoyang - Zhanjiang), Chang Shi (Changsha - Shijiazhuang) connect the four corners of the country.A crisscross network of railways consists of Jing Zhu Expressway, Chang Chang Expressway, Chang Yong Expressway and National Hghways, i.e. No. 106, No. 107 and No. 319. 14 provincial roads and 106 county roads spread densely as a net through the province. In downtown Changsha becomes a transportation structure called ―six bridges and three loops‖, ―eight verticals and eight horizontals‖, which includes Furong Road, the longest trunk highway in the domestic cities, 46 km. long, as a main artery from New Xia‘ning Port to Muyun Town. Huanghua International Airport in Changsha, equipped with advanced facilities, has direct planes to 35 main cities in the country and other cities like Hong Kong, Bangkok, Seoul and Pushan etc.



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Finance, Insurance, Securities (Pictures: Securities Exchanging Market, Changsha Commercial Bank, Insurance Building)  The financial safety system in Changsha is gradually becoming perfect. Since 1999 when a scheme of establishing a Changsha Financial Safety Zone was put forward, a sound and interactive cycle situation, that is, ―sound economy makes sound finance and vice versa‖, has come into being. According to the evaluation from Department of Development Policy of the World Bank, 80% of Changsha‘s business enterprises can get the financing institution‘s loan in 2003, and this index is ranked in the second place among the China‘s key cities and the 11th place of its enterprise input for research and development. Four insurance organizations in Changsha, such as Chinese People Insurance, Chinese Life Insurance, Chinese Safety Insurance and China Pacific Insurance, and their commission offices and webs, are working all over the city and its countries around. At present, there are 45 stock swap organizations and business places in Changsha, which includes 27 securities organizations from other places in the country.



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S&T, Education and Hygiene (Pictures: Yuanlongping -- hybrid rice's father, the first two feet robot, giant Milky Way No.3 Calculator, Changsha



University, the campus of Hunan University, Zhongnan University, Mingde Middle School, elegant appearance of Doctors and Masters, happy little angels in the Kindergarten, Xiangya Hospital, looking after the new-born infants with meticulous care) Science & Technology   Changsha is one of the strongest cities in the whole nation in scientific research force. At present, there are 16 national level key laboratories and engineering technology center, 14 enterprise post-doctors workstation of scientific research. There are several innovation carriers, like various Innovation Service Centers, Overseas Students Pioneer Park and Doctors Pioneer Park etc.



Education     Education in Changsha has a long history of great reputation for perfect educational system, widely popularized compulsory education and advanced facilities. There are presently 37 colleges and 556 various voluntary schools and educational organizations in Changsha. 2,600 postgraduates and 49,000 graduates graduate from universities every year besides about 30,000 vocational students from various schools. The well-known universities in Changsha are National Defense Technology University, Zhongnan University, Hunan University, and Hunan Normal University.



Medical Treatment    Changsha has well equipped medical treatment facilities. There are about 1,100 medical treatment organizations, roughly 30 thousand medical treatment technicians and 250 thousand framework beds. Per capita consumption of Changsha‘s medical treatment resources is far higher than national average level. Xiangya Hospital and Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine are of great reputation at home and abroad.



Manpower Resources (Pictures: Wangwang Food Co. Ltd., a modern foodstuff processes enterprise invested by Taiwanese merchants, inside and outdoor scene of Changsha Personnel Employment Market, the production line of vacuum tubes in Sino-Korea Joint Venture LG Philips Shuguang Electron Group Co., Ltd )



Labor Force  In Changsha, the number of all students from secondary schools is ranked first in 200 big and middling cities in China. Every year, this-year‘s graduate students from high



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schools, technical schools and universities continuously reinforce labor force resources markets. At present, about 2,600 students obtain master‘s degree and 240 students acquire Ph.D. degree every year. According to the membership qualification statistics of the related profession associations, there are more than 800 certified public accountants and 1,700 lawyers in Changsha. As a densely populated provincial capital city, Changsha is quite abundant in common workers‘ resources, usually includes the regular training majority in the corresponding fields.



Staff Recruitment    Several occupation centers have already been established in Changsha, where a database of the related information for those who seek jobs has been formed. Any individual only needs to register in these centers. Besides recruiting the staff by the occupation center, other ways, like newspaper advertisements can also be used to employee the new staff. But anyway, all employees of foreign investment enterprises must register their relevant information in one of the three occupation centers which are authorized and admitted by the local labor bureau (personnel jurisdiction). These three occupation centers are Recommendation Service Center of Labor Bureau of Changsha City, Changsha Municipal Talented Personnel’s Market and Changsha Labor Force Market. Foreign investment enterprises can also employee their personnel in different cities or different provinces. If foreigners hope to work in Changsha, they must acquire a labor permit, which is prescribed as any other regions in China.



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Labor Cost  Wages distribution diagram (current level) of the personnel of foreign investment enterprises in Changsha, average annual salary ( including bonus and various subsidies) are shown in the following diagrams: Here: The native employee's wages distribution diagram    The employee‘s salary includes the base pay and social welfare. The wages of the high-class employees generally have relations with the company‘s scale, and therefore compared to the common employees, there are large space to float up. Every company set up in Changsha must pay the personnel for a series of social welfare treatment, which includes annuities, unemployment insurance, medical treatment premium and labor union expenses. The specific amount that should be paid must be based on the percentage of the personnel‘s wages prescribed by the local government.



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At present, housing accumulation fund collected from 6% of wages is obligatory, and some companies can also choose to pay the extra housing allowance. Here: Welfare Treatment Comparison Diagram



Revenue Company Income Tax    According to the provisions of the People Republic of China‘s Income Tax Law for Foreign Investment Enterprises and Foreign Enterprises, income tax of the enterprise is paid 30% of the enterprise tax amount, in addition to 3% of local income tax. In Changsha, income tax for those foreign investment enterprises of high technology will be paid according to 15% of what has been reduced. Foreign investment enterprises that operate a production type for more than 10 years can discharge the income tax for two successive years after the year that it makes a profit and furthermore enjoy half reduced income tax of the business enterprise in the third year and the fifth year.



Turnover Tax (including value-added tax, business tax and consumption tax)  According to Value-Added Tax Law of The People Republic of China, all companies engaged in sale goods, offering process, repairs service and importing goods to the territory of China must hand in value-added tax by 17% of tax rate. The sale of some goods must pay 13% of special value-added taxes. Service promoter must pay business tax according to the invoice amount of the service. The tax rate for the business tax is generally 3% or 5%, but as for the amusement business, tax rate can float between 5% and 20%. The business tax must be paid by using Renminbi. Any deal will not simultaneously have to pay the value-added tax and business tax.   Consumption taxes aim at importing, producing and processing luxurious goods and upscale products that can be found in China. Tax rate for consumption tax can float between 5% and 48%. Unless State Department has other provisions, taxpayers should discharge consumption tax when they export products that should be levied taxes on.



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Other Taxes   Import Tariff is paid according to the C.I.F., and is decreased at each stage. The headspring tax pays are required for any rental, interest, charges for permits and commission that are to transfer to foreign countries. All foreign companies which have any one of the items above should pay the income tax pay of the People Republic of China.



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he percentage of the pay is set up according to the prescribed rate in the tax law and is calculated by the remittance‘s amount. The tallest tax rate of the personal income tax is 45%.



Here: Chart of personal income tax    The employer or the salary payer has the right on the law to detain appropriate personal income taxes from the employees‘ salary, and directly posts these taxes to the tax administration authorities of the People Republic of China. The employer must be responsible for the taxes that have not yet deducted or not completely paid. The basic formula of the personal income tax:



X Tax Rate Of The Income Sum That Should Be Paid - Deduction Number Of Sketch Calculation.     All parties concerned with the recruited tax law documents carried out or accepted in the must pay the stamp tax. Oversea contracts can exempt the stamp tax if they are carried out in the People Republic of China; If the contract is not subscribed in China but carried out in China, it must pay the stamp tax if it is taken into China; If the electron contract and the accountant‘s record are not printed out and placed on the file, they can exempt the stamp tax.



Consumer Markets (With pictures: Holiday, Wuyi Avenues)   At present, average yearly income of more than 2 million city residents in Changsha City amounts to 10,000 Yuan, roughly about 3 times of the village residents‘ income. With the improvement of the income level, other consumption of the residents will probably rise up in the proportion of their total income.



Industrial Park (Pictures: Changsha National High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Changsha National Economic and Technical Development Zone, production lines in Hunan Computer Co., LTD., production lines of household appliances in Zhongyi Electric Appliances Group)  Changsha Municipal Government has supplied places to produce and operate for foreign investors by programming and establishing the industrial parks. These industrial parks can provide standard workshops and production-use places, and equip essential service of foundation facilities (such as energy, roads etc.) The industrial parks also provide the foreign investors with preferential revenue discounts and various daily administration services in aid of the investors‘ setting up the factory successfully in the park and producing the products.



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At present, Changsha City has two National industrial development districts and six industrial parks. Changsha National High-tech Industrial Development Zone  It is one of the first National high-tech zones, with more than 800 high-tech enterprises, among which are nearly 200 foreign capital enterprises. Of more than 1300 high-tech items developed, more than 400 items have been listed as the national or provincial (department) key projects.  Lugu Park is a high-tech industrial park with 80 square kilometers of the total programming area. It is a focus pace of high-tech industries emphatically built by Changsha City. The demonstration area of new industrialization and the sample area of the eco-friendly new city. Six square kilometers‘ development scale has already been formed now and more than 60 enterprises have come to develop inside the park.  Changsha High-tech Area Administration Committee is an agent organization Changsha Municipal Government, which will provide the all-direction industrial development and community service for investors. Changsha National Economic and Technical Development Zone  The Development District is located in the east suburb of Changsha City with a programming area of 60 square kilometers.  At present, more than 200 enterprises inside the parks have already formed six industrial patterns: the electronic information, mechanical manufacturing, new materials, food & beverages, printing & packing and biological engineering. The integrating economic index is ranked in the second place of 16 National level development areas in the central and western regions in China.  Inside the development area, a management mode named ―close management and independent operation‖ is carried out to form a complete and efficient guarantee system. Changsha Economic Development Zone  This is a key zone recently opened in Changsha City that is granted by Hunan Province People‘s Government. It is located in the north of Changsha City, with a programming area 33.5 square kilometers.  This development district mainly focuses on products circulation industrial base, theme park, Water Park, ecosystem uptowns, movies base and cultural artwork markets. Hunan Liuyang (County) Biological Medicine Park  This park is an international cooperation medicine item of Changsha Municipal Government and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). It is a unique professional medicine development district in Hunan Province, a



provincial project and national torch project-- biological medicine industrial base. At present, 63 enterprises have been introduced to this park since its foundation.  The pioneer centre of medicine technology, which has a notable characteristic of industrialization, is founded inside the park on the foundation of the cooperation of the domestic and international well-known medicine universities and scientific research units.  Medicine Circulation Centres being built at present are all set up according to the international norm, making up a medicine industrialization platform and industry chain system with brilliant characteristics.  The park is fully authorized by the all levels local government on the managements, so it has a complete finance tax law system, support system of technology management and the ability of independent management and development. Hunan Environmental Protection Technology Industrial Park  The park, located south of the three circle line in Changsha City, with programming area 15.2 square kilometers, is a key industrial park of Changsha City‘s ―two areas and six parks‖, which has already been listed in one of the provincial level development areas.  Environmental protection industry as its main body, and high-tech industry and products as its principal part, this area builds up a demonstration industrial park, which is a integration of science, industry and trade with well-equipped facilities, outstanding industrialization features, top-grade ecosystem environment, strong capacities of conglomeration and wide radiation scope. Hunan Provincial High-Tech Food Industry Base  The base is located in the northwest of Changsha, with a programming land 10 square kilometers.  This base is an investment zone for Taiwanese business people. It is listed in Changsha National High-tech Industrial Development Zone series and becomes a professional high-tech park with independent operation.  The park is divided into several professional districts such as deep process of foodstuff and agricultural byproducts, deep process of meat products, health-care food and modern biological food, milk product process, biological medicine and delicate Chemical Industry, advanced manufacturing of machinery electric power equipments etc.. At present, more than 50 well-known domestic and international enterprises settle in this park. Longping High-tech Park  Longping High-tech Park is located in the eastern region of Furong District, Changsha City, with a programming area of 18 square kilometers.  As a high-tech Industrial Development Zone named after the father of the hybrid rice Yuan Longping, the high-tech item here can have the same special preferential policy as the National high-tech items. Preferential policy is also particularly established in



the park for non high-tech items, and different preferential policy can be used according to the different item of different properties.  At present, the park area after finished amounts to 1200 acres, which has got more than 20 well-known enterprises at home and abroad to develop in the park. Hunan Ningxiang Economic and Technical Development Zone  This zone is a provincial development zone approved to set up by People‘s Municipal Government of Hunan Province with a total programming area in the park of 20 square kilometers. It is a new industrial zone of building a provincial star capital city.  In recent years, the park has already adopted more than 60 enterprises.  New structures of industrial developments in this park are food processing, electronic information, biological medicine, machinery manufacturing, delicate chemical industry and travels at leisure. Merchants Map of Changsha City Main Functional Departments of Changsha Municipal Government Changsha Municipal Trade Bureau Address: 10th floor of Municipal Government Building, No.218 Yuelu Avenue, Changsha Telephone: Foreign capital liaison office 0086-731-8666057 Changsha Municipal Industrial & Commercial Administration Address: No.8, East Huancheng Road, Changsha Telephone:0086-731-4723606 Changsha Municipal National Territory Resources Administration Address: No.8, East Road of Exhibition Hall, Changsha Telephone: 0086-731-2180771 Changsha Municipal Environmental Protection Agency Address: No.138, Chaoyang Road, Changsha Telephone: 0086-731-4129654 Changsha Public Utilities Authority Address: No. 149, Bayi(August 1) Road, Changsha Telephone: 0086-731-4435267 Changsha Local Tax Administration Address: No.9, Middle Baisha Road, Changsha City



Telephone: 0086-731-5118960 Changsha Municipal National Tax Administration Bureau Address: No.359, North Shaoshan Road, Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-4185602 Changsha Municipal Traffic Bureau Address: No.214, Xiangchun Road, Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-4313479 Changsha Municipal Labor & Social Security Bureau Address: No.181, Middle Furong Road,Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-4424907 Changsha Municipal Statistics Bureau Address: 12th floor, Municipal Government Building, No.218, Yuelu Avenue, Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-8666131 Changsha Municipal Commodity Price Bureau Address: 9th floor, Zhongshan International Building, No.63, Huangxing Road, Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-4439282 Changsha National High-tech Industrial Development Zone Address: Tungzibo, west bank of Changsha Telephone: 0086-731-8995618 National Level Changsha Economic and Technical Development District Address: Tianhua Road, Xingsha Town, Changsha County Telephone: 0086-731-4012685 Changsha Economy Development Area Address: Middle Jinxia Road, Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-2346818 Hunan Liuyang(County) Bio-medicine Park Address: Yong’an Town, Liuyang City, Changsha Telephone: 0086-731-3218338 Hunan Science & Technology Industry Park of Environmental Protection



Address:Dongjing Town, Yuhua District, Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-5621297 Hunan Provincial High-Tech Food Industry Base (Investment Area of Taiwanese Business People) Address: No.176, Guoliang Road, Gaotanglin Town, Wangcheng County,Changsha, Hunan Telephone: 0086-731-8068778 Longping High-Tech Park Address: Yuanda Road, Changsha City Telephone: 0086-731-4693698 Hunan Ningxiang Economic & Technical Development District Address: No.88, Ningxiang Avenue, Yutan Town, Ningxiang County, Hunan Province Telephone: 0086-731-7800096 Cultural Recreation Cultural Recreation Today, modern people, whose footstep is in a hurry, prefer to enjoy the leisure time, trying to find a space for releasing one’s own soul. So, where to recreate yourself at leisure? How to be recreational? Recreation cares nothing about form. In fact, leisure is easy. You can go to explore the impression of the traditional culture, or to visit your friends and relatives, or to sing a song, to dance and to listen to the music, or you can go shopping and enjoy the delicacies. Changsha, which looks like a jar of vintage wine buried in the endless year river, will spread sweet smell as soon as it is opened. You will be slightly drunk if you have a rest and recreation at leisure in Changsha. （With pictures here: Bright Stars City） Changsha Downtown Map Folk arts Changsha Xiang Opera: It was founded in the Ming Dynasty on the base of the combination of inheritors of Geyang‘s tune, Jiangxi Province, and the folk music in Changsha regions. Its style contains such special regional features as both being wild, unconstrained, forthright and being mild, roundabout and beautiful. (Pictures: The play photos of Xiang Opera ―Lute Legend‖)



Changsha flower-drum drama: It came into being in Qing Dynasty and was prevalent in the middle, east of Hunan and the bank of Dongting Lake. It is the music mostly from folk canzonet, the local and small opera with special art style and strong life sense. (Pictures: The play photos of Flower-drum drama ―Liuhai Chops Woods‖) Changsha fiddle ballads: It is one of the music arts in the city, which came from a form of folk art by using ballads with a moral theme. Since it is said and sung in Changsha dialect, it is also called ―Changsha Ballad with a Moral Theme‖. It is quite popular in Changsha, Yiyang, Xiangtan etc., with a history of more than 200 years. (Pictures: 2, 3 play photos) Changsha puppet shadow show: It is said in the legend that it began in Han Dynasty and became popular in Song Dynasty. It came from Changsha‘s folk song and dance and still prevails now. (Pictures: The puppet shadow show ―Pick Mushrooms‖ the play photo) Changsha Puppet Show: It is commonly called ―Wood Skull Drama‖. It came into being in Han Dynasty, formed its shape in Tang and Song Dynasties and became prevalent from Ming and Qing Dynasties to the period of the anti-Japanese War. The present Changsha puppet show has acquired new development by designing the puppet‘s figure, footwork and action to make the puppet show entirely new. (Pictures: The play photo of Puppet Show ―Gold Squama (Jinling) Legend‖) Changsha people’s proverbs: With abundant contents and profound thought, they become the essence of the crowd‘s language and the crystallization of their intelligence in Changsha region. For thousands of years, they have affected several generations of Changsha people with their profound philosophy and their vivid image and become a special folk‘s saying of local culture in Changsha region. Ancient music of Liuyang(County) : It is created by an ancient music expert of Liuyang (County) in Qing Dynasty. It melts song, dance, courtesy and music into a cultural furnace. It usually begins with the music player‘s ancient music, melodious and simple, while the dancers dance to music, which is a spectacular display. As time goes on, all the musical instruments of the current Liuyang‘s ancient music have been stored in Hunan Provincial Museum except that musical scores ―Eight Ranks‖ was dropped out to Japan owing to the disorderly war before liberation. (Pictures: The play photo of Shang Dynasty‘s big copper cymbals of musical instruments)



Delicacies on-line Xiang (Hunan) Cuisine, whose representative is Changsha Cuisine, has as long a history as this city, Changsha. Xiang Cuisine, with a unique flavor and an integral style of its own, is one of eight



greatest cuisines in China. Among more than 4,000 Changsha style cooked foods, more than 300 are well-known. Those old stores, hidden in the forest of the city for a hundred years, is just like the crusted vintage wine, which makes people inebriated. (Pictures: Xiang Cuisine) Fire Palace, set up in the Qianlong years of Qing Dynasty, has a history of more than 250 years. At the very beginning, Fire Palace is just a temple to offer sacrifices to the fire god. It develops into a busy downtown area to offer sacrifices to, enjoy the play, listen to storytelling, enjoy the artwork, and have a snack. Nowadays, elegant appearance of Fire Palace is as of old, but customers are new every day. The classic delicacies and typical local flavor of Fire Palace are like a feast for the eyes, too various and numerous to list. If you do not come in person, you will never know that you taste the folk culture of Changsha and the delicacies at the same time. (Pictures: Inside and outdoor scene of Fire Palace) Yuloudong Restaurant is a renowned century restaurant. At present, there are five restaurants including branches, i.e. headquarters of Yuloudong Restaurant in Changsha, East Wuyi Road Branch Restaurant, Dongtang Branch Restaurant, Homely Cookshop, Xiangcai Food Restaurant of Yuloudong in Changsha. Yuloudong Restaurant, one of the cradles of traditional Xiang Cuisine for its masters‘ exquisite cooking technology, has always won a good reputation of ―Xiang Cuisine Huangpu Military School‖. (Pictures: Inside and outdoor scene of headquarters of Yuloudong Restaurant, Xiang Cuisine Master---Xu Juyun) Yang Yuxing Noodles House, is located in West Jiefang Road, Changsha City. It has a history of 110 years since its establishment. The features of this centurial store are varieties of noodles, plenty of cuisines and a series of common sayings on the noodles‘ boards. For example, according to the appetite size, there are cuisines called ―frivolous‖ and ―heavy cover‖; and furthermore, there are also cuisines called ―get once drop‖, ―fast dry‖, ―silver row‖ and ―two rows‖ etc. according to the taste and softness of noodles. Yang Yuxing Noodles House has 20 branches in Changsha City. (Pictures: Noodle in Bowls and noodle restaurants) Liu Defang Dumpling started in the years of Daoguang of Qing Dynasty. It is a well- known snack in Changsha City. Now it is sold exclusively by Liu Defang Dumpling Store. It is said that there was an old saying in the vigorous Liu Defang Dumpling period –―You have never been to Changsha unless you have tasted Liu Defang dumpling‖. (Pictures: 2 to 3 dumpling photographs) As times go on, the delicacies of Changsha also gladly accept the leagues from outside while they reserve traditional features at the same time. It begins to form a



completely new form that has cooperation and characteristics. Chinese food, western style food, fast food and recreational meal have constituted four greatest plates of food business. At present, restaurants and wine shops in Changsha are mainly concentrated on the “Three Lines and Four Spots”. The “Three Lines” refers to One Whole Street of Delicacies in north Shuguang Road, South Furong Road and east segment of Zhonghuan Line. The “Four Spots” refers to such four spots as Snack Street in the old city ---Head Office of Fire Palace as its center, the Railway Station delicacies, business wine shops around Yuanjialin and Sifangping local food shop --- Head Office of Yuloudong Restaurant as their center. In addition, restaurants are also very popular in Shaoshan Road, Bayi Road, Labor road and Exhibition Hall Road etc. (With pictures: Tongcheng Commercial Plaza, Business Walking Street in Huangxing Road, One Whole Street of Delicacies Sketch Map）



Famous Special Products XIANG EMBROIDERY THAT IS RENOWNED AT HOME AND ABROAD Xiang Embroidery originates from folk embroidery, and has already had a history of more than 2,000 years up to now. Arts and craft are recreated based on rough sketch as its chief source and such techniques of embroidery as ―using needles instead of pens‖ and ―weakening colour with thread‖. It is also done on the foundation of sedulously pursuing original version. Therefore, the entirety of its unique craft is ―using needles and thread‖. In 1933, on the international exposition that was hold in Chicago, the United States, Xiang Embroidery received massive publicity. A Xiang Embroidery half-length statue of American President, Theodore Roosevelt, exhibited by Changsha Embroidery House of Brocade Flower & Beautiful Embroidery, caused a great sensation. It is a much-told story that it was hinted to be presented to Roosevelt by Hunan provincial chairman at that time, He Jian, in his own name. This embroidery half-length statue is stored in Chicago Alexander‘s Museum now. (Pictures: Xiang Embroidery “Tigers” etc.2, 3 works of art) COLORFUL LIUYANG(COUNTY) FIREWORKS Liuyang(County),well-known for its products, fireworks and firecrackers, is always praised as ―a native firecracker place‖. It came into being in Tang Dynasty and was prevailed in Song Dynasty, with a history of a thousand years. Fireworks and firecrackers made in Liuyang(County) are technically exquisite. They are made based on scientific directions with unusual model and are safe to set off. Liuyang(County) Fireworks named after ―Lee Simei‖ workshop began to win their reputation at home and abroad in the 30s to 40s last century. In 1986, Liuyang(County) firecrackers won the first place in 21 International Fireworks Contest. (Pictures: Liuyang(County) fireworks, skyrocket) TONGGUAN POTTERY WITH A LONG OF HISTORY



Tongguan Town in Wangcheng County, 30 kilometers far away from Changsha and usually called ―Ten Li Pottery City‖, is one of China‘s greatest ancient pottery cities. At present, with the development and perfection of production technology and equipments, Tongguan Pottery is well-known for its delicate and various craftwork, whose enamel color is also various. (Pictures: 2,3 pieces) STONE CARVING ARTWORK WHICH IS SO WONDERFULLY ARTIFICIAL TO EXCEL NATURE The discovery and processing of Chrysanthemum Stone began in the Emperor Qianlong(1736 ---1795) epoch of Qing Dynasty. Its ―flower‖ was gestated and developed gradually two billion years ago and was naturally formed in the rocks because of the geological movement. Chrysanthemum Stones in the earlier period were used as articles of tribute collected by officials and merchant princes. From the end of Qing Dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, such techniques as relievos, demireliefs, hollow out and circular engravure had been used to make tea sets, wine cups, tea tables, table tops, rockeries and vases etc. Hunan is abundant in black spar, with an ancient name ―Chu Stone‖, or called ―Black Jade‖，which is glossy black of a fine and delicate quality. Varied sculpted modes are of strong local color, like Noble Women, landscape sceneries, flowers, grass, insects and fish, birds and beasts or articles modeled after antiques and practicable household utensils etc. Gushan Inkstone is made of blue flower marbles in Gushan Mountain. It was used as famous inkstones in ancient times and the favorites of scholars and calligraphers. (Pictures: 2 or 3 pieces of chrysanthemum stone carvings etc.) CHANGSHA PALM LEAF WEAVE Changsha Palm leaf weave is a traditional handicraft weaved with palm leaf. The palm tree is an evergreen arbor, planted everywhere in the countryside of Changsha County. Folk handicraftsmen collect palm trees and weave them to be such insects and animals as birds, insects, shrimp, cranes, snakes, frogs etc., whose figures are all lifelike, and thus have a reputation of ―Unique Works of Art in South of the Yangtze River‖. At first, fresh leaves, mostly used to weave artworks, are easily withered and distorted. Consequently, handicraftsmen researched into them and improvement was made thereafter to deal with fresh leaves by lacquering them after being woven. In this way, artworks are brightly colored, which is very durable, and their appearance is more lifelike. (Pictures: Artistic Palm Leaf Weave) WANGCHANG PAPER-CUT Its content is simple but pretty, with varied styles and a strong flavor of life. The artistry of wielding the paper-cut knife is free with a coarse and unconstrained picture plane, while the paper lines engraved in a well-knit way are fine and delicate, which constitutes a unique artistic characteristic of Wangcheng paper-cut---with the features of strong adornment and a comely and beautiful look. It has a high position in the art circles of paper-cut at home, and spreads its reputation far into abroad.



(Pictures: 2,3 pieces) COLLECTION OF FAMOUS TEA Tea abounds in the Changsha region, which can be proved by the poem ―Gentle flowers float in Xiang areas‖ written by a poet of Tang Dynasty. The most well-known teas of the numerous articles of Changsha tea are Gaoqiao Yinfeng(Silver Peak) tea, Changsha jasmine tea and Ningxiang Weishan Maojian tea. (Pictures:2,3 pieces) NINGXIANG’S GRANULATED SUGAR CAKE Renowned in Hunan and China for its crisp granulated sugar and sweet and tender taste, it is one of the four most famous cakes in Hunan Province (which include Lampwick Cake, Fragrant Sesame Cake and Roasted Cake), with a production history of more than 200 years. (Pictures:2,3 pieces) NINGXIANG NATAMAME'S FLOWER It is produced in the riverside of Weishui. Owing to its lifelike pose as a living thing with bright and shining colour and crisp and treacly taste, it is praised as ―The King of Sweetmeat‖, well-known in ―Three Xiangs and Four Waters‖. LIUYANG FERMENTED SOYA BEAN Liuyang(County) farmer-made fermented soya bean can trace its history back to the middle period of Tang Dynasty. It is well-known in Hunan Province and even at home and abroad for its colour, aroma, flavor and shape. (Pictures: Liuyang fermented soya bean 2,3 pieces) LIUYANG FENNEL CAKE Fennel Cake originates from the flinty crust cake in Chengchong Market Town, which is adjacent to Jiangxi Province. The name ―Fennel Cake‖ results from the aromatic and tasty fennel that really makes the cake full of characteristics. It has a history of more than 200 years. (Pictures: 2,3 pieces) Museums and Libraries Hunan Provincial Museum Provincial Museum, one of the symbolic buildings in Changsha, is located in Dongfeng Road, Changsha City. While its exterior is of antique flavor, which has the classic styles of Chu and Han Epochs, the internal facilities are a combination of modern high technology. In addition, the large amount and high rank of the cultural relics displayed in the Museum help the Hunan Provincial Museum also known as a ―Building of National Treasures‖. The most precious thing in this ―Building of National Treasures‖ is more than 3,000



rare cultural relics excavated in Mawangdui, Changsha, in the 70s of last century, especially that world-wide unique and unparalleled cultural treasure -- a well-preserved female corpse - Marquise Xin Zui, who has experienced more than 2,000 years. Inside the museum, there are displayed not only the cultural relics that were excavated from the tombs of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China and those raked first at home and abroad from Mawangdui Han Tomb, but also the precious cultural treasures of Han and latter dynasties. Besides the ancient treasures, Provincial Museum develops a new style for itself by non-periodically holding various exhibitions, which are special or provisional. In a word, Hunan Provincial Museum is not only a palace of the cultural relics, but also a mine of history and culture. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum) Changsha Museum This is a comprehensive local museum, which has more than 30,000 exquisite articles of various and precious historical relics, primarily excavated in Changsha region from the primitive Neolithic periods to the feudalistic Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them there are worldwide attention-getting books, called Wujian, which were made of bamboo slips in Wu State, one of ancient Three Kingdoms, and big bronze cymbals of Shang Dynasty and serial cymbals, in which 9 cymbals each set are organized. These serial cymbals are Chinese earliest and largest numbers of musical instruments that can be serially performed. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum) Hunan Provincial Geology Museum This is a museum of Natural Science with 9 exhibition rooms inside for the Mineral Rocks, Geology and Environment, Paleontology, Ancient Animals, the World of Dinosaurs and Splendid Hunan, in which more than ten thousand various and valuable geological specimens, photographs, charts, models etc. are displayed. Audio-visual facilities are also well equipped here. They reflect the Earth and the products of each historical geology period on all sides. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum)



China Xiang Embroidery Museum Xiang (Hunan) Embroidery Museum, located in the Hunan Provincial Research Institute of Xiang Embroidery, Station North Road, Changsha City. It consists of three theme exhibition halls: Historical Origin of Xiang Embroidery, Growing up of Xiang Embroidery and contemporary selections of Xiang Embroidery. More than 1,200 Xiang Embroidery treasures are stored in the museum. The items on display vividly represent the evolvement of arts and crafts of Xiang Embroidery and the masterly workmanship of ancient handicraftsmen. They also visually introduce the development course of Xiang Embroidery and elegant and incomparable works of contemporary era. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum)



Hunan Chinese Painting Museum Traditional Chinese Painting Museum, located in Provincial Science & Technology Museum, Exhibition Hall Road, is the largest-scale professional art museum in Hunan Province. This museum is an amalgamation of exhibition, display, creation, collection, mounting pictures and sales, with such facilities as galleries, display halls, mounting rooms and so forth. Famous painters, like Wu Zuoren, Li Kuchan, Guan Shanyue, and renowned artists from Hunan Province have excellent paintings in it. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum) Hunan Library This library located in No. 38, North Shaoshan Road, Changsha City includes 4 reading buildings, 12 stack rooms and a basement, with a collection of more than 34 million volumes (pieces) of Chinese and foreign books and periodicals. Thirty reading rooms with 1,200 reading seats are established for foreign books and periodicals, Chinese books, ancient books, local documents, Chinese periodicals, newspapers, books and periodicals from Hong Kong and Taiwan, Mao Zedong‘s works and so on. The delivery rooms for integrated books, literature books, foreign books and periodicals, Chinese periodicals etc. are also set up to provide the readers with services of reading, borrowing, searching for solution to the task, getting audio-visual aids, seeking advice for information and copying etc. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum) Changsha Municipal Library This library, located in No.37, Dingwangtai, Lotus District, Changsha City, is adjacent to Dingwangtai Book Market and Hunan Provincial Xinhua Bookstore. More than 360 thousand books are stored in the library.11 service windows with 350 reading seats are provided for such places as a lending section of social science books, a lending section of natural science books, a reading room for the press, Children‘s reading room, a consulting room for reference books, a room for former publications, a basic stack room, a specially collected stack room, a Deer Island library, a self-study room, a reading and borrowing room of documents for the civil life and so on. The library is free to open for the readers in four seasons a year, including two-day weekends. It provides services for borrowing books, consulting, translating and checking assistance, delivering books to the doorstep etc. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum) Hunan Provincial Children‘s Library This library, located at No.4, Zhongshan Road, Changsha City, comprises more than 480 thousand books and 800 reading seats. Children‘s readings, reference books for children‘s teaching staffs and teaching materials are the major collection here. In addition, services are provided for collecting children‘s audio-visual materials and delivering teaching materials for primary schools and middle schools to the doorstep. Different kinds of children‘s tutorship and training classes are opened as well. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum)



Hunan Provincial Exhibition Hall This hall, situated on Exhibition Hall (Zhanlanguan) Road, Changsha City, is an important place for Hunan Province to hold large-scale exhibitions, shows and the conferences for the talented persons‘ recruitment and employment. Scores of exhibitions are convoked here every year. Regional and professional talented persons‘ recruitment conference is convened periodically on the third floor of the exhibition hall every Saturday. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Museum) North City Church of Changsha Christianity Located at No.70, Xiangchun Road, Changsha City, this church is the largest-scale and best-protected ecclesiastic building with the mixture of eastern and western styles. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Church) Changsha Mosque It is located in Baisha Street, Changsha City. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Mosque)



Vogue Amusement Changsha Incity Theatres Hunan Grand Theatre is a large-scale modern building which integrally comprises movies, plays of arts and literature, culture entertainment, eastern and western diets, gymnasium, conferences and celebrations, commercial affairs and official business. (Telephone:0731-4171639） (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Theatre） Tianhan Grand Theatre is named after a famous composer, Mr. Tian Han. There are 1,206 seats in the theater, with a national top-grade 16 meters‘ revolving stage and the impressive lighting equipments and acoustics totally controlled by computer. It is a top-grade professional performance theater. (Telephone: 0731-5176888） (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of Theatre) Huitang Spa Resort is located in Ningxiang County, Changsha, about 90 kilometers away from the downtown of Changsha City. Granite is extensively distributed here, and the crystallization of underground magmata becomes the heating source. Spring is burst out from sandstones as if lime is poured into water and fog is widespread in the air. So it‘s called ―Hot Lime Spring(Huitang)‖. The water quality of Huitang spring is transparent and it contains various beneficial and tiny-deal chemical elements that are good to human bodies. So it is praised as ―the Most Miraculous Spring in Hunan‖. Telephone of Water Lotus Hot Springs Villa 0731-7296010 Telephone of the Sanatorium for Provincial General Labor Union 0731-7296006



Telephone of the Sanatorium for Electric Power Officers and Workers 0731-7296139 (Pictures: Huitang Spa Resort etc.)



East Breeze (Dongfeng) Movies Park: 0731-2224837 Silver Palace Theater: 0731-2223520 Changsha Movies Park: 0731-5532929 Xiaoxiang Experimental Theatre: 0731-5601047 Changsha Railroad Cultural Palace: 0731-2636119 Red Theatre: 0731-2222553 Provincial Xiang Opera Theatre: 0731-4129796 Xiangjiang River Theatre: 0731-5814607 Hunan Culture Recreational Centre: 0731-4171639 Provincial Song & Dance Theatre: 0731--5563229 Qingzhu (Green Bamboo) Lake Golf Club: Qingzhu Town, Laodao River, Kaifu District, Changsha (Pictures: Golf course) Helong Sports Centre Located at Laodong Road, Changsha City, it consists of Helong Gymnasium and Helong Stadium. Helong Gymnasium has an area of 10.56 thousand square meters, whose scale is in the fifth place in China, while Helong Stadium has an area of 15 square meters, with 550 thousand stands and seats, in the fifth place of its scale in China. (Pictures: Panorama of Physical Culture Center)



Song & Dance Hall Grand Song Hall of Qing Island Red Sun Show Center Address: No.188, Zhongshan Road Address: 2th floor, Dongfeng (East breeze)Movies House, No.52 ,Exhibition Hall Road Address: opposite to Changdao(Island) Hotel, East Wuyi Roads Address: No.1, Chengnan Road, Changsha City Address: Wuhua Grand Hotel, South Furong



Hot Dance Chamber Orchid And Laurel House Wuhua Recreational Plaza Road Bars



Piao Bar Address: No.38, West Jiefang Road Bar of Shangri-La Address: No.60, South Cai’e Road Heavenly World Amusement Company



Address: No.273, Middle Furong Road Golden Age Bar Address:No.18, West Jiefang Road Novelty-seeking Door(Lieqimen) Bar Address: Northeastern part of Furong Road Cloverleaf Junction Magic Bar Address: No.106, West Jiefang Road Friend Home Bar Address: West Jiefang Road Phoenix Beer House Address: No.18, Middle Baisha Road Houjie(Back Street) Ale Bar Address: behind Pinghe Hall Hedong Recreational City Address: 2nd floor, Pacific Ocean hotel, No.1, Middle Huangxing Road Red Indians(Hongfan) Disco Address: No.7, East Wuyi Road Our Bar Address: No.9, South Baisha Road Rush Hour Athletes Bar Address: No.109, West Laodong Road New 21 Century Bar Address: near QinYuan Grand Hotel, No.571,Shaoshan Road Beautiful Human Life Bar Address: No.328, Jiefang East Road D&D box1 Bar Address: No.48,South Baisha Road Piao CLUB Jazz Bar Address: No.38, West Jiefang Road Hot Dance Chamber Address: No.87, East Wuyi Road Paradise and Earth YES Bar Address: No.30, West Jiefang Road Cocoa Pure Bar Address: West Jiefang Road Marguerite Bar( Branch) Address: 1st floor,Fengquan Building,South Cai’e Road Marguerite Bar( Total Store) Address: West Jiefang Road XinyiYuan New Trunk Line of Audio-Visual Bar Address: near Changsha Hotel Sun City Recreational Centre Bar Address: inside Sun City, Wujialin Butterfly Night Club Bar Address: Butterfly Building Jiuzhou (Nine Isles) Cafe Saloon Address: No.6, Luoxingtian Taker Fortress Bar Address: Opposite to Provincial Children’s Library, Zhongshan Road Blue Lemon Bar Address: beside Hunan University, Pailoukou Road (Ornamental Archway) Tianlaichun (Sounds of Nature Village) Bar Address: No.27, Middle Furong Road



Teahouses Fushoukang Teahouse Address: No.249, Middle Shuguang Road Red Music Tea Bar Address: No.215, Zhongshan Road Xiangcui(Fragrant) Teahouse Address: Grocery Street, Sanxiang Big Market Changhong Teahouse Address: No.271, Cai’e North Road Sanjiachun (Three Villages) Culture Teahouse Address: 1st floor, shop front, No.4 Yingbin Road Wenrouxiang(Feminity)Teahouse Address: No.1, Middle Shaoshan Road Xue’er(Snowy)Tea House Address: No.178, East Wuyi Road Qingshuiwu Teahouse Address: Bayi Road, Furong District Runhua Teahouse Address: No.242, Middle Furong Road Mingcha Tea Garden Address: No.31, Xiangya Road ( With pictures: Teahouse, One Whole Bar Street, Extraordinary Splendours)



Shopping Resort (With pictures: Row Upon Row of Buildings in Close Order, Yada Cyber Park, Exhibition Hall Road) Special Local Products and Cultural Relics Market Stores Address Mawangdui Special Local Products Wholesale Market Huoxing (Mars) Road, Mawangdui Xiahejie Commercial City Near No.one bridge, Xiangjiang River Avenue Dongtang Candy & Special Local Productss Trading Company No.8, West Laodong Road Liuyang Fireworks & Firecrackers Concourse Ansha Town, Changsha County Hunan Provincial Cultural Relics Store No.15, Middle Wuyi Road One Whole Street with cultural relics, arts and crafts Qingshui(Pure Pond) Road



Large Marketplaces Stores Youyi(Friendship)Store Youyi(Friendship) Commodity City Dongtang Youyi(Friendship) Noted Store Spring Department Store Apollo Business City Apollo Business Plaza Address No.278, East Wuyi Road No.2, East Laodong Road, Wuyi Square No.69, Middle Huangxing Road No.69, North Shaoshan Road No.1, West Bayi Road



Tongcheng Business Plaza Pinghe Hall Northern Star Commercial Building Taiyang Commodity City Xindaxin( New and Grand) Market Supermarket



No.2, Fenglin Road,Yuelu District Middle Huangxing Road Jingxia Road, Lichen Square No.2,Lichen Road Wuyi Square



Stores Address Jiarunduo Chaoyang Store No.9,People Road Jiarunduo Station Store Apollo Business Plaza Jiarunduo Millennium Store No.1, Yuanda First Road Jiarunduo Supermarket of Building Materialses Market Of Gaoqiao(High Bridge) Building Materials New A Best Store in Houjiatang No.637, Middle Furong Road New A Best Store in Kaifu No.1, Huaxia Road New A Best Store in Tongcheng No.2, Fenglin Road Huayin-Wanghe Shen’nong Store No.163, Yuhua Road Huayin-Wanghe Clothing City Store No.168, Cai’e North Road Huayin-Wanghe Chegang Village No.52, Middle Shuguang Road Huayin-Wanghe Rongwan Town Store Xinmin Road, Rongwan Town Huayin-Wanghe Exhibition Hall Road Store On the right side of Exhibition Hall Huayin-Wanghe Xinzhong Road Store At the entrance of Xinzhong Street Metro No.115，Lichen Road Carrefour Supermarket ( No. One ) Underground Market of Baisheng Markets Carrefour Supermarket ( No. Two) No.590, Deya Road Carrefour Supermarket ( No. Three) No.39 ,Middle Chengnan Road Carrefour Supermarket ( No. Four) No.145, South Lushan Road Carrefour Supermarket ( No. Five) Pure Pond Market,Bayi Road Carrefour Supermarket (No. Six) Section Seven, Mars Development Zone, Ziwei Road



Guidebook of Accommodations (Pictures: With pictures and words of ―Hunan International Movies Exhibition Hall (Central) Hotel‖.) There are 59 star hotel in Changsha City, including 5 five-star hotels, 7 four-star hotels and 34 three-star hotels. The floorage of Hunan International Movies Exhibition Hall (Central) Hotel is 150 thousand square meters, 80% of which is the greenbelt. It is adjacent to Hunan Broadcast & Television Center and Window of the World, 20 minutes far away from Changsha Airport and 15 minutes’ drive from Railway Station. It is the best hotel to hold large conferences, various



exhibitions and important receptions.



Names of five-star hotels



Address



Telephone City City City City City



Huatian Grand Hotel No.380,Jiefang Road, Changsha 0731-4442888 Shen’nong Grand Hotel Furong South Road, Changsha 0731-5218888 Hunan Jiacheng Hotel No.386, West Laodong Road,Changsha 0731-5118888 Tongcheng International Hotel No.149, North Shaoshan Road, Changsha 0731-4168888 Hunan International Movies Exhibition Hall(Central) Hotel On the east of Liuyanghe Bridge, Changsha 0731-4252333



Names of four-star hotels



Address



Telephone



Fulihua Hotel No.72, West Bayi Road, Changsha City 0731-2298888 Wuhua Grand Hotel No.308, South Furong Road, Changsha City 0731-5528888 Zidong Pavilion Huatian Grand Hotel No. 68, Bayi Road, Changsha City 0731-2288888 JingYuan Hotel Middle Furong Road, Changsha City 0731-5558888 Wandai Grand Hotel Wuyi Square, Changsha City 0731-4882333 Southern Pearl International Grand Hotel At the intersection between Exhibition Hall Rd of Changsha City and Lotus Rd 0731-4449888 Lotus Huatian Grand Hotel No.176, East Wuyi Road, Changsha City 0731-4401888



Names of three-star hotels Zhongtian Hotel 0731-4570777 Milky Way Hotel 0731-4111818 Eastern Hotel 0731-4128888 Tianlong Hotel



Address



Telephone No.108, Yingbin Road, Changsha City Wuyi Road, Changsha City East Wuyi Road, Changsha City Middle Shaoshan Road,Changsha City



0731-4188888 Jinghui Grand Hotel No.181, Yuhua Road, Changsha 0731-5608282 Cygnet Hotel No.178, Middle Wuyi Road, Changsha City 0731-4406888 Fenglin Hotel Rongwan Town, on the West River of Changsha City 0731-8883001 Newly Arisen(Xinxing) Hotel East Wuyi Road, Changsha City 0731-4177288 Xiang Spring(Xiangqian) Hotel No.126, North Shaoshan Road, Changsha City 0731-4439999 Yuelu Guest House Rongwan Town, on the West River of Changsha City 0731-8883071



Names of Rest Houses



Address



Telephone



Provincial Food Head Office Hostel Wuyi Road, Changsha City 0731-4428088 Provincial Cotton & Hemp Company Hostel Wuyi Road, Changsha 0731-2228213 Sanxiang Reception Centre Near Changsha Railway Station 0731-4729939 Wulipai Hostel Near Changsha Railway Station 0731-2284960 Yingbin Hostel Near Changsha Railway Station 0731-4117255 Provincial Department of Agriculture Hostel No.65,Yingbin Road, Changsha City 0731-2222396 Scenic Spots With innumerable centuries of elaborate designs, Nature endows Changsha with countless, natural and famous mountains, beautiful flowing torrents and boundless scenes. In the endless space time, Changsha steps in from time immemorial. These temperate rivers and mountains not only gestate a unique human landscape for Changsha but also cultivate Changsha people from generation to generation. (With pictures here: Metropolitan Rural Scenery) Tourist Map of Changsha City Yuelu’s Landscape On entering the path of Yuelu Mountain, a burst of delicate fragrance will blow on your face. Is this the flavor of the breeze, or the scent of the flowers? Is this the aroma from the forests, or from the mud? Is this the breathing of the trickling flowing water? You are completely captivated by her beauty. In fact, this faint fragrance is just the natural aroma from Yuelu Mountain.



Yuelu Mountain is close to the west coast of Xiangjiang River. It is 300.8 meters high above the sea, with numerous ridges and peaks extending to several kilometers, which looks like a natural screen on the west of Changsha downtown area. The wonderful scenery of Yuelu Mountain is in the mountains and streams. The highest peak in a haze is cliffy but graceful with corridors, temples and pavilions around the mountains and the rocks. If you overlook the city along the balustrades of Yuelu Mountain, you will enjoy the scenery of ribbon-like Xiangjiang River, bluish green Orange Isle floating in the river and two great bridges erected to connect the east with the west, which makes this ancient city impressively loom through the mist and clouds. Before Yuelu Mountain there are Phoenix Hill, Jade Screen Hill and Heavenly Steed Hill, while behind it there are Peach-blossom Ridge and Lu‘e Ridge, with Gold Bull Ridge standing in the south, Gui Peak in the north, which blend into one integral whole around as if numerous stars surround the moon. Yuelu Mountain will surely be much more gorgeous between autumn and winter when red maples dye trees and jungles and reddish oranges fully hang on the branches. Ever since Han Dynasty, Yuelu Mountain has been a scenic spot for sightseeing. A continuous stream of tourists have been here in thousands of years, so famous scenic spots and historic resorts can be found all over the mountain, including ancient Yuelu Temple known as ―the first famous scenic spot in Han and Wei Dynasties and the first Taoist or Buddhist rite in Hunan‖, Loving Youth Pavilion (Aiwanting), which is one of the four noted pavilions in China, Yunlu Palace, White Cranes Spring (Baihequan), King Yu‘s Stele (yuwangbei), Pleasant Breeze Gorge, Wangjiang Pavilion, Buxu Ridge, Rock That Flew Over (Feilaishi) , Zilai Bell, Xiang‘gu (Drum) Ridge, Boa Cave (Mangshedong), Dagoba, Xiaoti Precipice, Chuanshi Slope, and the tomb of Huangxing, the important leader of Chinese Revolution of 1911, and the tomb of Cai‘e, the famous general. Many beautiful and moving myths about these famous scenic spots and historic resorts are widely spread in the folks, which keep the visitors indulged in pleasure pondering over the stories. Ancient Yuelu Mountain Temple Located in the ancient woods of Yuelu Mountain, with Pleasant Breeze Gorge on the left and White Cranes Spring on the right, it overlooks deep abyss, immense forest, isles in Changsha and rivers in Hunan in the front and leans close to Yu Stele, pleasant winds and clouds, grand sunlight and red maple at the back, with the reputation of ―the first famous scenic spot in Han and Wei Dynasties and the first Taoist or Buddhist rite in Hunan‖. In Lushan Temple there have been many accomplished monks in the past dynasties. The Buddhist sutra and the ancient works that have been treasured up are extremely abundant. Inside the temple the statues of Buddha are solemn and kindly. Quite a few disciples kneel and worship before Thousand-hand Kwan-yin every day. Dagoba As it is said, it was erected in Sui Dynasty, with a square flat surface. It is made of granites, 5 meters high. The foundation is high and big, which has two layers of Xu‘mi Base and four angles of the shape of banana leaves with a relief of the Buddha‘s warrior attendant on each of them. Buddhist temples and the pagodas form five cycles with a shape called Baoqie Yinjing Pagoda, which is a unique pagoda in Hunan.



Aiwan(Love Nightfall) Pavilion First erected in the 57 years of Qianlong Epoch in Qing Dynasty, it is named after the poetry of Du Mu, a writer in T‘ang Dynasty, for it poem, ―For loved maple woods at the sunset I stop my carriage, / And as red as the flowers in February are the frosted leaves‖. Aiwan(Love Nightfall) Pavilion is one of the four renowned pavilions in China. Yunlu Palace It is at the apex of Mount Yunlu of Yuelu Mountain. The Taoists call Yunlu Palace ―Happy Land for Fairies and Immortals‖, which was said to have been built by Jijian Seignior in Ming Dynasty when he was in Changsha. Great White Cranes Spring It is on the right of Lushan Temple. The spring here is pure and sweet, and is never dried up every season. It is a well-known and ancient spring. It is named after the great white cranes that were said to fly and rest here in the past. (Pictures: Yuelu Mountain scenery, ancient Yuelu Mountain Temple, Aiwan(Love Nightfall) Pavilion, Great White Cranes Spring, Dagoba, Yunlu Palace ) Earthshaking Ancient Tombs The Marquise of Dai, or Xin Zui, wakes up at last after a long dream and becomes a miracle of a thousand years. Those who watch the miracle are clear-headed, but have a dream for thousands of years. Mawangdui Han Dynasty Tomb, or Mawangdui yihao hanmu, located in the eastern suburbs of Changsha, is originally two big heaps of soils. It is said that it is the tomb of Marquis Maying in the Five Dynasties. In 1972 when Mawangdui was unearthed for a scientific research, the well-preserved corpse of Marquise Xin Zui was found. When unearthed, the corpse of Marquise Xin Zui was a complete figure, with smooth body and good intact skin. Most of her hairs still exist and some joints can also bend and move. Through the textual research, Marquise Xin Zui lain in this grave has a history of more than 2,100 years. More than 3,000 cultural objects were still found in the tomb, including such large quantities of precious textiles as damasks, voiles, gauzes and silks and wooden tomb figures, bamboo slips, pottery, and traditional Chinese herbal medicine etc. All excavated objects including the corpse of Marquise Xin Zui and the cultural relics are preserved in Hunan Provincial Museum now. Of more than 3,000 cultural relics, nearly 50 are the first-rate in China or in the world. The T-shaped silks paintings excavated from Mawangdui are the earliest-drawn, largest-scale and best-preserved silks painting in the world. Silk books, for example, ―Recipes for Regimen‖, ―Recipes for Miscellaneous Diseases‖, ―Ten Queries‖, ―Pan-Yin and Pan-Yang‖, ―On Natural Tao Rules‖ are the earliest books preserved in the world referring to good health preservation, sex medicine and sex health care. ―Horoscopy of Five Planets‖ is the world‘s earliest book of astronomy in the archaeological discovery. ―Relief Map‖ and ―Garrison Map‖ are the world‘s earliest practical maps that have been discovered so far. The plain voile Buddhist garment excavated here is more than a rare treasure. It is a garment 160 cm long, but as thin as a cicada‘s wing and as light as fog at the weight of



only 48 gram. Its masterly craftsmanship excels nature, which makes it an article of the lightest, earliest, best-preserved silk clothing in the world. Mawangdui Han Dynasty Tomb and its cultural relics are praised by the scholars as ―A wonder of the World and a great feat in China‖. (Pictures: Corpse of Marquise Xin Zui, Restored Statue of Marquise Xin Zui, T-shaped silks painting, silks book, plain voile Buddhist garment) Millenary Yuelu Academy In Yuelu academy, breathing is poetic. The culture’s spirit is hidden under its stairs. Whenever you move one step, you can hear the voice of its palpitating heart. Yuelu Academy, which is called ―Millenary Academy‖, is situated at the foot of the scenic Yuelu Mountain as the greatest of the four academies from China‘s Sung Dynasty. Yuelu Academy began to run between the end of T‘ang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. It was operated by monks in the earlier period. In 976 AD, Zhu Dong, a prefect of Tanzhou, took back the administrative power and handed it over to the Confucian scholars. Henceforth, for thousands of years, Yuelu Academy has been a divine spot for Confucianism education and the center of the culture and science. It has cultivated countless talented people who have administered affairs and aided the people from generation to generation. Yuelu Academy mainly comprises a lecture hall, Wenchang Pavilion, Six Gentleman Hall, Ten-sacrificial-vessels Hall, Half Classroom, Grand Sunlight Platform, and Gate to the Mount etc. On the front gate of the academy hangs a board on which is written ―YUELU ACADEMY‖ in the traditional style and the striking couplets on the doorposts: ―CHU’S SCHOLARS ARE GIFTED; THIS ACADEMY IS PROSPEROUS‖. The lecture hall, also called a ―HALL OF LOYALTY, FILIAL PIETY, INTEGRITY AND CHASTITY‖, is a core building of the Academy. Visitors will always be filled with deep esteem for the characters: ―LOYALTY, FILIAL PIETY, INTEGRITY AND CHASTITY‖, a great scholar Zhu Xu‘s calligraphy on the carved stone on both sides of the main hall, and the large characters: ―ORDERLINESS AND SOLEMNITY‖, written on the carved stone of the facade of two corridors by Ouyang Zhenghuan, an imperial censor in Qianlong Epoch of Qing Dynasty. Wenchang Pavilion is on the right of the lecture hall. In the feudal society, all students from the academy who passed the imperial examinations had their names carved in the pavilion as the honor of the academy. In the front of the pavilion is a piece of extant folding screen embedded with a carved stone on which is written ―YUELU ACADEMY‖, the original script of Zhenzong Emperor of Song Dynasty, according to the legend. Xiangshui Proofreading Hall was built in 1837 (the 17th year of Daoguang Epoch) by Wu Rongguang, an imperial inspector of Hunan, one of whose extant woodcarving horizontal tablet can still be found in the Hall. (Pictures: Yuelu Academy Gate to Yuelu Mountain, courtyard, winding corridor, Ancestral Temple, Wen Temple, Pavilion and balcony ) Ancient Heavenly Heart Pavilion (Tianxinge) In a certain period of history, flames of war put its soul on the wall of the Heavenly Heart Pavilion. Hence, you stand on the Heavenly Heart Pavilion, having a distant look.



Heavenly Heart Pavilion, on the southeast corner of Changsha central region, is a city gate tower of an ancient Changsha city. Its base holds the tallest topographic position of the city zone, and besides it is located on the city wall, more than 30 metres high, which makes it appear to be taller, straighter and more beautiful. It is the symbol of ancient Changsha city. When Heavenly Heart Pavilion was built was still a disputing question, but the poem ―Survey from Heavenly Heart Pavilion‖ written by Yu Yi in Ming Dynasty proved that it existed before this epoch. Heavenly Heart Pavilion is rebuilt in 1777( the 42nd year of Qianlong Epoch in Qing Dynasty), which is more than 200 years ago. Because of its high position in topography, Heavenly Heart Pavilion is a strategic place for offence and defense. It has been a military place of strategic importance, and several shot holes still remain on the city wall so far. Heavenly Heart Pavilion has once been destroyed several times because of the changes of dynasties. It was rebuilt on the city wall of Ming Dynasty in 1983, with a wall 17.5 metres high, at the elevation of more than 60 meters, which is 30 meters higher than the downtown area, occupying a position of vantage and overlooking ten thousands of houses. 3-floor main pavilion, two-floor subsidiary pavilions on both sides and some long corridors between them form an arc-shaped layout that increases beauty and brilliance by mutual reflection like one integrated mass of the birds‘ stretching wings. (Pictures: Heavenly Heart Pavilion, City Wall, Subsidiary Pavilions on both sides, Long Corridor) Chinese Screen Painting in Orange Isle Standing at the peak of Yuelu Mountain to have a distant look, you can see Orange Isle lying in the middle of the river like a black silk ribbon. However, it looks like a dark yellowish green barrier in the middle of the river if you come to the river bank. Will you come here when oranges are ripe? Orange Isle is one of the famous isles in Xiangjiang River. Surrounded by waters, it lies in the centre of the river from north to south, stretching 10 li. Between the forests and the city, it is well provided not only with the interest from villages and watery regions, but also with the crowded thriving sight of streets and lanterns. When spring comes, billowing and sparkling waves float several gulls. While autumn steps in, pure fragrance will fly everywhere from the yellow oranges. Orange Isle has a long history with a good reputation far and near. Lu Wen, a poet in T‘ang Dynasty, used only one impressive verb ―float‖ in a verse like this ―Bottomless Zhao Pond floats Orange Isle‖ to present a beautiful look of Orange Isle which gushes from the bluish green waves. One of the spectacular eight sights recorded in Song Dynasty, that is, ―dusk snow from the sky over the river‖, is the vivid description of this place. Orange Isle comprises three nearly-connected isles: upper isle, middle isle and lower isle. The upper isle is called Ox-head Isle and middle isle Land-and-water Isle, while the lower isle is called Fujia Isle. Orange Isle referred to at present includes Ox-head Isle and Land-and-water Isle. It was named because the orange trees cover the isle. Orange Isle Park was set up in 1960, followed by architecture such as Poetry Script



Stele, Orange Ode Pavilion, Clasping Peak Pavilion, Pillowing River Pavilion, and a memorial statue, ―Teenage Classmates‖. Places for entertainment and service are also established. Guardrails made of granites are built along the bank of Orange Isle and there is a highway to Xiangjiang Grand Bridge. The swimming pool is built to the north of the bridge and the west of the Isle, which adds more fun for every citizen to stroke the river in the midstream in summer. (Pictures: Orange Isle, Poetry Script Stele, Orange Ode Pavilion , Clasping Peak Pavilion, Pillowing River Pavilion, Memorial Statue, orange trees) Black-elk-like Strange Mount Along both sides of more than 200 stone steps of the narrow lanes are planted bamboo groves from the peak to the end with spring gushing beside. In this quiet and sequestered place, it seems that the sound of knocking the wooden fish by the former Taoist priests can still be heard. Black-elk Mount, named after a large number of elks in this mountain in the olden times, is at the elevation of 590.5 meters. It is more than 30 kilometers away from Changsha city and the highest mountain in the northern suburb of Changsha. From Tang Dynasty on, renowned Buddhists and Taoists began to preach a sermon here. Buddhists called it one of four famous mountains in Changsha, while Taoists listed it as ―the 24th Abode for Immortals‖ of 36 abodes of fairies and immortals, and also as ―A Memorial for Immortal Zhou‖. Along the highroad which is built around a mountain are some rare stones such as a ―Buddha‖ word stone, Eagle-nib Stone etc. What is the most peculiar is a big stone on which was carved a word ―Longevity‖ written by legendary immortal Lu Dongbin. It is a word of 188 centimeters high and 107 centimeters wide. Some accomplished monks like Chang Jing in Qing Dynasty were buried here after they passed away. Most Buddhists have come to this mountain to pay homage for them. There is a millenary ancient tree and the ruins of Fairy Liu Makeup Pavilion at the top of the mountain. An ancient temple founded in Tang Dynasty, namely Dongyang Temple, lying on the west slope of the peak, has a rear palace now. The beautiful landscape and the pleasant weather of Black-elk Mount have attracted a few poets and writers to present poems, write couplets and inscribe plaques. The ancient temple still holds a plaque on which is written ―CLOUD CAVE OF HIGH TAO (Daogaoyundong)‖ by a crazy cursive handwriting expert Huaisu in Tang Dynasty, a plaque on which is written ―IMMEASURABLE LONGEVITY OF BUDDHA‖ to Chang Jing for his ninetieth birthday by Xiao Rongjie in Qing Dynasty, and a plaque on which is written ―AS GREAT AS THE UNIVERSE‖ by Tan Yankou in the Republic of China. There are too many ancient temple couplets hanging on the doorposts and a lot of poems on the wall for visitors to read. (Pictures: Black-elk Mountain scenery, Dongyang Temple , ancient tree, the ruins of Fairy Liu Makeup Pavilion, pagodas of some dignitaries including Chang Jing, etc.)



Dawei Bends The most charming place of Dawei Mountain is its cloud and mist. Cloud and mist are the Dawei Mountain’s soul. If you place yourself among them, you can’t tell whether you are in the cloud or in the fog. A human being, however, will suddenly become penetrating. Dawei Mountain is also called Shoubi Mountain, standing tall and upright on the boundary of Changsha and Jiangxi, 148 kilometers away from Changsha. A group of winding mountain peaks and layer upon layer of peaks and knolls are praised as ―green bright pearl in east Hunan‖. Its highest peak is Qixing Ridge, at an elevation of 1607.8 meters. Between the mountains is a gentle and wide place that forms a small plain about 10—20 kilometers in length and breadth. Numerous strange mountains and peculiar stones and more than 100 running springs and waterfalls are inlaid in the high mountains and sheer ridges. There is a Tianxing Lake on the small plain at the top of Dawei Mountain. In autumn, fluffy ends of reed on the lake bank fly as if it is snowing, so it is praised as ―Snow Shade of West Mount‖. While in midsummer, Five-finger Stone Mount, at the elevation of 1515 meters, is covered with purple and flaming azalea. However, the northland landscape will be obviously shown in winter with jade-like trees and snow white branches everywhere. Dawei Mountain is also a natural museum of animals and plants. More than 3,000 species of plants and 60 species of wildlife animals have been found up till now. (Pictures: Dawei Mountain, the waterfall in Dawei Mountain, Heavenly Heart (Tianxin) Lake, map of Dawei Mountain scenery etc.)



Mystery of Wei Mountain The beauty of Wei Mountain consists of its connotation, elegance, neither inferiority nor superiority. Walking gradually along the winding paths seems to be walking into a Magic Palace. A pleasant surprise will be made for you every time you open a door. However, it is not a pleasant surprise that will let your heart beat faster, but one that only activates you to long for more. It has such an artistic conception described in the ancient poem: “Again we called and urged her to appear until / She came, her face half hid behind a lute still.” Wei Mountain, also called Big Wei Mountain, is the source of Wei Water, more than 100 kilometres away from Changsha. The tallest snow apex is at an elevation of 927 meters. In the high mountains at the elevation of 800 meters or so, a basin, at the elevation of 400—500 meters, is hidden for several feet long with footpaths between fields and residents beside streams. A landscape zone is formed between Baiyepo and Sanmenguang with tortuous paths, shady forest, craggy mountains and babbling water. At the foot of Pilu Mount, which is on the northwest of the ―basin‖, stands a millenary ancient Buddhist temple--- Miyin Temple. It was built for Ling Chan Master owing to the memorial to the throne offered by Peixiu, a prime minister in Tang Dynasty.



Miyin, or ―Secret Koan‖, means, ―preach the koan secretly‖. Ling Chan Master, a Buddhist monk, passed away in 853,when he was conferred a posthumous title ―Da Yuan Chan Master‖ in the imperial decree. Huiji, the equally famous eldest disciple of Ling Chan Master, carried forward Ling‘s principal style in Yangshan, Jiangxi Province. Master Lin and his disciple co-construct Wei-Yang Sect, one of five Zen sects, which makes Miyin Temple an ancestral palace for Wei-Yang Sect, one of China‘s five Buddhism Zen sects. Here are the couplets on the doorposts of Miyin Temple: ―DIVINE RAIN COMES TO HENGSHAN MOUNTAIN; PRINCIPAL SECT ACTIVATES YANGSHAN MOUNT.‖ Since North Song Dynasty, Miyin Temple has been burned down for four times. Big Buddha Palace which exists at present was rebuilt in 1933. It is 27 meters high inlaid with gold Buddha statues on the walls. 12,218 statues in all make it a ―Palace of Ten-thousand Buddhists‖. The expression of the Buddha figures is solemn and peaceful.The lights in the palace are brilliant and giddy, which is quite a spectacular sight of the Chinese monasteries. The monastery covers 90 square meters, including such beautiful sceneries as ―Oil-salt Stone‖, ―Laimu Well‖, ―Reed Waterfall‖, ―Lion Stone‖, ―A tree that holds birds‖ etc.. (Pictures: Wei Mountain scenery, inside and outdoor scene of Miyin Temple, map of Wei Mountain landscape) Famous Daowu Historical Sites Daowu Mountain, shrouded in mist and cloud, is as comely and gentle as the girls from Jiangnan, south of Yangtze River. You will surely have quite a different experience if you stand at the summit of Daowu Mountain to look as far as you can for the pure blue sky and listen to breeze crooning sweetly. Daowu Mountain, situated in Daowu Village, 7.5 kilometers north of Liuyang County seat, is one of the famous scenic mountains in Changsha region. It was said that a monk named Zongzhi climbed up the mountain in the Dahe years (827－835) of Tang Dynasty, but he didn‘t get to the peak for the hindrance of a huge stone, which offered him a place for his refreshed rest, when suddenly an old man in white called Sha Jialong came and saluted him, saying, ―Master, you are a founder, and we have been waiting for you for a long time.‖ Zongzhi answered,―Such is my ambition that Tao helps me so‖. With these words, swift as the wind and quick as the lightning, the rocks were crackedand the paths were opened by which Zongzhi could break through brambles and thorns to build a temple primarily on this mountain that he called Daowu Mountain. Chains of Daowu Mountain raise their peaks one higher than another, with peaks and ridges rising and falling. Mt. Wulao is the highest of all at the elevation of more than 780 meters. A chessboard found at the apex of Mt. Wulao was once used for the celestial beings to play chess. Daowu Mountain contains renowned ―three uniques‖, ―four miracles‖. ―Three uniques‖, refers to a cluster of ancient pines that blaze the paths, a millenary ancient Xinghua Buddhist Temple and Tianhu Lake in the high mountain. ―Four miracles‖, refers to the misty rain, dense fog, splashy clouds and covered snow in Daowu Mountain.



Xinghua Buddhist Temple: It was built in the Dahe Kaicheng years (828---840) of Emperor Renzhong of Tang Dynasty, which was more than 1,100 years ago. Xinghua Buddhist Temple is located in a flat secluded valley at the foot of Lotus Peak of Daowu Mountain. The whole temple was built in a typically encircling style. Four blocks have been divided while the front block is the gate to the mountain, with a plate on which are written the words ―Xinghua Buddhist Temple‖. A horizontal tablet is also hung on it with the words ―SCENIC SPOTS OF LAKES AND MOUNTAINS‖. To the east and west of the blocks are Samghrma and ―Temple Housing the God of Earth‖. Xinghua Buddhist Temple has a good reputation at home and abroad, and it is the cradle and the ancestors‘ temple of Yellow Dragon School and Yangqi School of Japanese Buddhism. (Pictures: Daowu Mountain, the path in the forest of Mt. Daowu, Xinghua Buddhist Temple, Tianhu Lake, Ropeway, Hexangular Pavilion etc.) Former Residence of Jiayi Only the old well knows the vicissitudes of life as time goes on. What is constant is the endless love of Changsha people for Jia Yi. Jia Yi is a conspicuous statesman and writer in West Han Dynasty in ancient China. He was once a counselor of Emperor Han Wen. Because he offended the dignitary, he was demoted to be Tai Fu (an ancient official title) of the Changsha King. While in Changsha, Jia Yi spent three gloomy and lonely years and many excellent works were written. He was thus called ―Jia Changsha‖. He was somewhat like Qu Yuan, intelligent but encountering lots of adversities, and both were banished to Changsha. Therefore, these two persons are often mentioned in the same breath and jointly called ―Qu Jia‖. Hunan is accordingly called ―the Country of Qu Jia‖ thanks to these two preeminent persons. The former residence of Jiayi is located in the street of ―Tai Fu Li‖, which is to the north of Jie Fang West Road in Changsha and also named after the official title of Jiayi. Among the former residences of the Chinese celebrities, the former residence of Jiayi has the longest history. This is a simple, quiet and tasteful courtyard made of green bricks and grey tiles. Jiayi lived here in 177—174. For more than 2000 years, the former residence has been built and ruined successively, so the grounds and houses have changed a lot, but the original address is always there. In the north of the courtyard lies an ancient well named ―Jiayi Well‖, which has become the only well-preserved thing in the former residence. (Pictures: inside and outdoor scene of the former residence, Jiayi Well) Ancient Kaifu Temple Gentle sounds of the Bell-drum Tower, with godliness of the voice of reading Buddhist scriptures, witness the everlasting burning incense in this old temple for thousands of years. Kaifu Temple, located out of the north door of Changsha, has a history of more than 1000 years. It is one of the Chinese key Buddhistical monasteries. With surrounding mountains and clear running water, it was not quite densely populated here in the past.



The environment is very nice and secluded. At present, however, Kaifu Temple has already resided in the busy street center as an ancient temple. Kaifu Temple covers more than 48,000 square meters and its building area is more than 8000 square meters. A gate to a monastery, which is a four-pillar and three-layer memorial arch type, and a red wall, 3 meters high, embrace the temple around. At the gate to a monastery, a horizontal plaque with the words ―Ancient Kaifu Temple ‖, were written by Chen Haipeng, a garrison commander of Fushan Town in the years called ―Guangxu‖ of Qing Dynasty. Inside the gate to a monastery and along the central axis in the front and the back are: Captive animal‘s free pond, oasis, front level ground, Maitreya Temple, Grand Palace and Pilu Temple. Two compartments are symmetric. In the east is guest hall, fast hall, Moni House and violet hall; in the west is a lecture hall, Zen hall, the hall of saying prayers to Buddha. The houses are all connected with the winding corridors, high and short, with special features of Ming and Qing Dynasties‘ buildings. (Pictures: Temple Gate, Maitreya Temple, Mighty Temple, Pilu Temple etc.)



Ancient Baisha Well Baisha Well has brought up Changsha residents from generations to generations. It has formed the origin of Hunan Culture by its carefree and harmonic qualities. Baisha Well is located in the Baisha Street, which is about one kilometer away from Heavenly Heart Pavilion (Tianxinge) in the south. It has been one of the famous springs in the south of Yangtze River since time immemorial. The recorded history book ―Annals of Changsha Prefecture‖ written in 1639( i.e. in the twelfth year of Emperor Chongzheng) has such words as follows, ―Baisha Well, two li in the southeast of the county, is no more than one foot deep, but pure and tasty. It is never dried up though people of the whole city carry water from it. It is the first spring in Changsha.‖ Baisha Well had only one spring at the very beginning. It was divided into two wells at the end of Ming Dynasty and afterwards two more were added, which becomes four wells as what there are now. Since liberation, Baisha Well has been rebuilt for several times. Besides being paved with a granite pedestal, it is enclosed by a stone fence and many trees. The local government also set up a stone tablet, on which is engraved ―Ancient Baisha Well‖, and accordingly it becomes one of the Changsha famous scenic spots. Water from Baisha Well is pure and limpid, which makes tea extremely tasty and attractive, wine sweet and fragrant. It is also terribly good to boil herbal medicine and cook soup. Furthermore, it will never overflow anytime and often remains the same water. No matter how you use your ladle, it will never be dried up. Therefore, many residents have hitherto persisted in sparing no pains to come and take the drinking water. (Pictures: Baisha Well Memorial Archway, Spring Well) All-round Information All-round Information Travel Agency



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