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Recent advances in communication technology, made new trends to emerge in monitoring system. The most popular standard for mobile phones in the world is Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM). Because of the used of wireless remote is more in an application, the smart water level indicator is presented. In this paper, we will discuss about the monitoring system to monitor the changes of water level from time to time and directly send an alert to user via GSM cellular network immediately. This paper comprises of three parts, which is the main part comprising the development of the system that capable to detect water level using microcontroller. The microcontroller known as ‘brain’ of the system is responsible of processing network protocol, which comprises of transmitting packets and receiving packets. The second part is the development of the system that can process the data that has been collected based on the deepness of water level. The last part is the system, which modulates the signal that has been collected and it will transmit the modulated signal via the antenna. Then, the signal will be received by the receiver to be displayed on the Graphical User Interface (GUI). Overall, the system designed comprise of hardware design and software development. The project target is to implement as water level warning tool by respective local authorized.
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2012 1st International Conference on Future Trends in Computing and Communication Technologies
Microcontroller Based Water Level Indicator Using
GSM Modem: Design And Application
Melaty Amirruddin, Nurhakimah M. Mukhtar, Hana A. Halim, Nur S. Noorpi
School of Electrical Systems Engineering
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
Perlis, Malaysia
melaty@unimap.edu.my, nurhakimah@unimap.edu.my, hanahalim@unimap.edu.my, nursabrina@unimap.edu.my
Abstract—Recent advances in communication technology, observation, it happens when the water increase to dangerous
made new trends to emerge in monitoring system. The most level in drastically and not monitored by the authorities.
popular standard for mobile phones in the world is Global However, this condition can be prevented if the authorities
System for Mobile Communication (GSM). Because of the used always know the current state of the water level. So, based
of wireless remote is more in an application, the smart water on the lack of delivery data collected in the information
level indicator is presented. In this paper, we will discuss about system, some innovation needs to be done to assist the
the monitoring system to monitor the changes of water level authorities in tackling this problem and make the system
from time to time and directly send an alert to user via GSM more organized[3]. Therefore, designing the water level
cellular network immediately. This paper comprises of three
detector is one of the innovations to transfer data in some
parts, which is the main part comprising the development of
the system that capable to detect water level using
form and send it to authority at control tower. This water
microcontroller. The microcontroller known as ‘brain’ of the level detector will operate in 24 hour per week. These
system is responsible of processing network protocol, which systems also give an alert to authority to take immediate
comprises of transmitting packets and receiving packets. The action if water level increases to dangerous level [3]. The
second part is the development of the system that can process system can be applied at the river-banks, low-lying areas,
the data that has been collected based on the deepness of water dam and the village far from town and also can be used for
level. The last part is the system, which modulates the signal industrial sector [1],[3]. The more explanation will discuss
that has been collected and it will transmit the modulated on methodology in chapter 3. Therefore, in line with
signal via the antenna. Then, the signal will be received by the development of modern world, remote monitoring system
receiver to be displayed on the Graphical User Interface (GUI). has more in an application. Remote monitoring system is an
Overall, the system designed comprise of hardware design and effective method to transmit, analyzed, manage and give a
software development. The project target is to implement as feedback the goal of information. According to the
water level warning tool by respective local authorized. transmission method of monitoring system, if an alert
condition occurs it will send a signal through Short
Keywords–Water level indicator; microcontroller; Global Messaging System (SMS) gateway and the authorized
System for Mobile Communication (GSM) modem; Graphical personal will be notify with the dangerous stage of water
User Interface (GUI); SMS; sensor
level. From the alert message authorized person will take an
I. INTRODUCTION immediate action [4]. However, this propose project not only
focus for flood problem only but it include also about the
Nowadays, humanity more interested to make it world problem face in industry. With the implementation of this
into a modernism without think about the side effect through project, it will reduce the number of workers involved during
the world. From their activities it will caused global climate a work in progress. In addition, it shows that the use of this
change and wherever disaster strikes without warning. The tool is not limited, but it can be modified to suit the place and
formatter will need to create these components, incorporating requirements the use of these tools itself.
the applicable criteria that follow. Over five years ago, our
country is often shocked by the terrible flood disaster.
Several neighborhoods are affect is on eastern of Sabah and II. SYSTEM DESIGN AND DESCRIPTION
several neighborhoods at Johor, Kelantan, Terengganu and Overall, the system designed comprise of hardware
Kedah [1]. The placement nearly the main river and low- design and software development. The general block
lying areas is possible to affected. During floods occur, it diagram of smart water level detector monitoring system is
give affect in human life and their property. According to as follows:
sources from Department of Drainage and Irrigation (JPS),
the losses are close to RM 50 million to repair the damage Water Level Authorized
Microcontroller GUI
caused by this disaster. In addition, the statistical data show Detector person
the number of victims almost 40,000 people [2]. From the
Fig. 1. Block diagram of smart water level detector monitoring system
79
2012 1st International Conference on Future Trends in Computing and Communication Technologies
A. Microcontroller time and easier to understand the programming language.
Microcontroller will be a brain of system. Same way as Others features of this software is it already provide the
humans, brain will control all action based on what they compiler for run the system build such as command buttons,
planned. Therefore, to make sure all the system operate text boxes, and etc. on the form provide. Before the GUI is
successfully the deciding type of Programmable Integrated built, the entire requirements for the system are identified
circuit (PIC) is important. The main criteria to decide the based on the following basic function of the system needed:
PIC is size, performance, features and price. After that, i) Access to data
choose the serial interface to uploading the program and ii) Access to monitoring water level from time to time
retrieve data logged on the controller for reporting the
purposes between microcontroller and PC. The PC was to iii) Ability to connect hardware component with
perform the user input as well as gathering, processing and personal computer.
displaying data. As well as performing these tasks locally, it iv) Ability to give information to authorized personnel
also must be able to communicate with the Graphical User for immediate action.
Interface (GUI) to remote access of the system. Figure 2 v) Ability to send alert message to authorized person
shows the higher order bits are the status register for family via SMS.
controller PIC16F877A. The feature of the software is able to read the incoming
input data from the controller and retrieve the relevant data
from database based on the water level sensor.
C. Short Message System (SMS) Gateway
Global System of communication for Mobile (GSM) one
of the components will be used to build a network between
GUI application and user. Besides that, to connect the GSM
modem with GUI interface HyperTerminal software has
been used. The HyperTerminal software will read the At-
command and allow user send and retrieve the alert SMS
about the current water level condition and the dangerous
level can cause the flood. For this project, all the At-
command to send the alert through the SMS gateway will be
writing on the HyperTerminal field. The features of this
software is can send and retrieve the serial port using on
personal computer. Here the figure shows the connection
between Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 with GSM modem.
Fig. 3. Connection of SMS Gateway
Fig. 2. Higher order bits are from the status register [22] III. METHODOLOGY
The development of water level detector comprising
B. Graphical User Interface (GUI) hardware and software design. Figure 4 shows the overall
flow chart of the water level detector monitoring system
In this stage, Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 has been used developed.
to provide the GUI that is user friendly with monitoring The operations of water level detectors are explained as
system. In additional, Visual Basic programming used to follows:
link between: i) Probes are labeled as F will detect the current stage
i) water level detector to personal computer of water level. The first green color, LED D1 will
ii) personal computer to GSM modem turn ON which indicates the normal condition of
Visual Basic interface have some unique feature which is water level.
that can make some powerful application with a lots less ii) When water reached level 1, probe F detects the
80
2012 1st International Conference on Future Trends in Computing and Communication Technologies
water level and sensor will operate automatically, operating system in PIC16F877A the programming code has
hence, LED D1 and LED D2 will turn ON. been writing by using the MPLAB software.
iii) When water reached level 2, sensor which indicates B. Software Applications
yellow color LED D3 will turn ON automatically.
The complete setup comprises of microcontroller
iv) When water reached level 3, sensor which indicates
components, water level sensors and GUI display
yellow color LED D3 will turn ON automatically.
applications. The GUI display application is built using
v) When water reached level 4, sensor which indicates
Visual Basic 6.0 (VB6.0) software which is as a medium to
orange color LED D3 will turn ON automatically.
give a pathway between water level sensors and GSM
vi) When water reached level 5, sensor which indicates
modem to send an alert via SMS.
red color LED D3 will turn ON automatically and
The GUI display is user friendly which shows the
at the same time, an alert message will send to
monitoring level under normal condition, level 1, level 2,
authorized person via SMS.
level 3, level 4 and level 5. Level 5 shows the sensor detects
vii) The condition of water level will monitor by
water exceeding dangerous level, hence the warning signal
authorized person via Graphical User Interface
will appear and the alert message will send to authorized
(GUI) at control room.
person. Then, the SMS will be sent automatically to the
viii) The system will operate 24 hours continuously.
person on duty for immediate action.
There are some of additional features for GUI display
Start
which can generate data for downtime review. The data
information comprises the date, time of each level detecting
Sensor Active
and level of water will be stored in database.
Display on
VB 6.0
Interface
Current Stage
Level
Ye
No s
Level
1
No Ye
Level s
2
No Ye
Level s
3
(a) Normal Condition
No Ye
Level s
4
No Ye
s SMS
Level
5 alert
Fig. 4. Flowchart of water level indicator
A. Hardware Components
The hardware components is developed using
microcontroller PIC16F877A, reset button, connection with
cable MAX232, water level sensors and LED indicators as
shown in Figure 5. (b) Level 1
Proteus V 1.1 and MPLAB V8.83 are used to design the
schematic diagram and doing microprocessor simulation
before printing on the printed circuit board (PCB). From
Figure 6, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 show that the output
of LED display indicates the water level condition. For the
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2012 1st International Conference on Future Trends in Computing and Communication Technologies
(c) Level 2 (e) Level 4
(f) Level 5
(d) Level 3
Fig. 5. GUI display for every water level indicator
Fig. 6. Circuit Diagram of Hardware Components
82
2012 1st International Conference on Future Trends in Computing and Communication Technologies
IV. CONCLUSION
The water level indicator was successfully designed and
can be implemented to monitor the water level condition
continuously. The system is designed as user friendly
software which provides the details information, to collect
data and send related information to the authorized
personnel for immediate action to make sure the
surveillance area under controlled.
Furthermore, the system can overcome some problems
facing in industries such as the delay in the delivery of
information to the officer. Besides that, this system also can
reduce the downtime error in big industries by using the
wireless system for communication.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank Universiti Malaysia
Perlis (UniMAP) for providing the technical and financial
support in this research. The authors also want to express
the appreciation to all School of Electrical Systems
Engineering staffs for helping throughout the research
project. Special thanks to the family members for the
constant encouragement, support and blessings. Thank you.
REFERENCES
[1] M. S. Baharum, R. A. Awang and N. H. Baba, “Flood
Monitoring System (MyFMS),” in IEEE Int. Conf. System
Engineering and Technology, 2011, pp. 204–208.
[2] Zainah Md. Zain and M.N.M.Khalid, “Development of Flood
Detector System Using MC68HC11 Microcontroller,” in 5th
Stud. Conf. on Research and Development , 2007, pp. 1–5.
[3] Sakol Udomsiri and Masahiro Iwahashi, “Design of Filter for
Water Level Detection,” World Science, Engineering and
Technology, 2008.
[4] Chen Peijiang and Jiang Xuehua, “Design and Implemention
of Remote Monitoring System Based on GSM,” IEEE
Workshop and Computational Intelligence and Industrial
Application, 2008.
[5] J. Vargas-Cáliza, V. López-Mejíaa, J.Potenciano-Péreza, G.
Posada Venegasb V.M. Moo-Yamc, “Measuring Water Level
with the Pressure Sensor and Microcontroller Pic16F877A”,
1st International Congress on Instrumentation and Applied
Sciences, 2010.
[6] Raphel M. Asuncion, Ryan D. Prodigalidad, Danuel
V.Ramirez, Luisito R. Tomelden Jr, Analene Montesines
Nagayo, “ An Automated Microcontroller- Based Cocktail
Mixer and Dispenser”, DLSU Engineering e-Journal, vol.1
no.1 March 2007.
[7] Kavita Jindal, Kavita Singh, “Hardware And Software Based
Water Level Controller System Using Microcontroller,”
International Journal of Science Technology & Management,
vol.2 issue 2, April 2011.
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