Cuboidal Epithelium

							     Histology

1.   Epithelial tissues
2.   Connective tissues
3.   Muscle tissues
4.   Nervous tissues
Cuboidal Epithelium
          • Equal in height and
            width
          • Secretory portions of
            glands or in tubules of
            kidney and tissue
            covering the ovary
Squamous Epithelium
          •   Flat irregular outline
          •   Scalelike
          •   Thin
          •   Lining blood vessels,
              pericardium, pleurae,
              skin
Columnar Epithelium
          • Packed closely
            together
          • Protective covering for
            the inner surface of an
            organ
          • Lining of the digestive
            tract
          • Secretions
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
               • This is
                 pseudostratified
               • True stratified
                 composed of many
                 layers
               • Notice these columnar
                 cells are ciliated
               • Line trachea
Connective Tissue

• Bone
• Cartilage
• Dense fibrous connective
  tissue
• Loose fibrous connective
  tissue
• Liquid connective tissue
                   Bone
• Characterized by osteocytes in compact
  bone, with Haversian canals, concentric
  lacunae
• Found in skeleton
• Framework for movement, support, and
  protection
• Stores minerals; makes blood
Bone
  • Dark stained areas
    lacunae
  • Lumen are Haverian
    canals
                Cartilage
• Chondrocytes in lacunae
• Mostly intracellular
• Found in pinna, ends of long bones, larynx,
  nose, between vertebrae, between rib and
  breastbone, trachae
• Function is to cushion, lend rigidity to
  boneless structures, slippery surface for
  some joints
           Types of Cartilage



Hyaline Cartilage   Elastic Cartilage




Fibrous Cartilage   Growth Plate
Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue
•   Regularly arranged
•   Collagen and fibroblasts
•   Found in tendons and ligaments
•   Joins muscles to bones or bone to bone;
    provides protection and carries blood supply
Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue
• Tendon        • Irregular Dense CT
Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue
• Elastic: elastin, capsules of organs, holds organ
  together, lungs and vessels
• Areolar: loose weave, facial area beneath skin,
  collagen, support, reservoir fluids and salts
• Reticular: surrounds individual cells, acts as filler
  tissue and support; muscle fibers, liver, lymph
  nodes, and spleen
• Adipose: around organs, beneath skin, breast,
  cushions, insulates, and stores fat
Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue



Elastic        Mucosal (Areolar)




Reticular      Adipose
     Liquid Connective Tissue
• Blood: found in heart and vessels; functions
  in respiration, nutrition, excretion, body
  temperature, disease protection
• Lymph: found in tissue spaces between
  cells, cerebrospinal fluid; functions in
  bathing cells, nutrition, and protection from
  disease
     Liquid Connective Tissue




B: Red Blood Cell   Lymphocytes along
   nucleated        margin
A & C: Leucocytes
Muscle Tissues

• Skeletal
• Smooth
• Cardiac
                Skeletal Muscle
•   Attached to skeleton
•   Voluntary control
•   Fibers are elongate, cylindrical, with blunt ends
•   Striated
•   Multiple Nuclei per fiber
•   Nuclei are peripheral
•   Has most rapid contraction speed
•   Has least duration of contraction length
                Smooth Muscle
•   Located in walls in stomach, arteries, and veins
•   Involuntary control
•   Fibers are elongate, spindle, with pointed ends
•   No striations
•   One nuclei per fiber
•   Nucleus is centrally located
•   Has slowest contraction speed
•   Has greatest duration of contraction
              Cardiac Muscle
• Located in walls of heart
• Involuntary control
• Fibers are elongate, cylindrical, fibers branch and
  fuse
• Has striations
• One-two nuclei per fiber
• Nuclei are located centrally
• Has intermediate speed of contraction
• Has intermediate duration of contraction
           Muscle Tissues




Skeletal          Skeletal with striations




Smooth            Cardiac
Nervous Tissue

• Neurons
• Glial cells
• Schwann cells
                 Neurons
• 3 parts: soma, dendrites, and axon
• Dendrites receive inputs
• Axons conducts impulses away from the
  cell body toward another neuron, muscle, or
  gland
• 3 types of neurons: motor (muscles),
  sensory (sense organs), and associative
  (relay from sensory to motor neurons)
                   Glial Cells
•   Many different types, including astrocytes
                      Histology

•   Supporting cells for neurons
                   1. Epithelial tissues
•                      numerous
    Smaller and moreConnective tissues than neurons
                   2.
                   3. Muscle tissues
•                     tumors
    Give rise to most Nervous tissuesin CNS
                   4.
            Schwann Cells
• May be categorized with glial cells
• Supporting cells found outside CNS form
  sheaths
• Nearly all neurons 2 micrometers or greater
  in diameter are myelinated-covered with
  Schwann cells
               Nervous Tissue




Myelinated nerve cells     Unmyelinated nerve cells




Astrocytes – Glial cells