Shroud of Turin: Holy or Hoax?

							          by Jon J. Cardwell

  ~ http://justificationbygrace.com ~

~ http://preachingchristcrucified.com ~

          Anniston, Alabama
            ©2003, 2012
     The Shroud of Turin: Holy or Hoax?
             JustificationByGrace.com


                 CONTENTS


A CONTROVERSY TO CONSIDER?                 3

THE SHROUD ITSELF                          4

RESEARCH IN ANTIQUITY                      4

HAIRS OF HIS CHINNY CHIN CHIN              5

A DIFFERENT DO                             6

MARKED OR MARRED OF VISAGE                10

SHEETS OR STRIPS? LET’S FACE IT           11

GOD’S AUTHORITATIVE WORD                  14

“YEA, HATH GOD SAID…”                     16

“YE SHALL NOT SURELY DIE…”                17

“YE SHALL BE AS GODS…”                    19

GOD’S GLORIOUS GOSPEL                     21

IN SUMMARY                                23

FOR YOUR GROWTH IN GRACE                  26




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A CONTROVERSY TO CONSIDER?

When the “shroud of Turin” is brought up as a topic of
conversation in Christian circles, is there a controversy to
consider with regard to this relic? Even the skeptical, Christ-
rejecting world seems to want to have some input into the subject.

As Bible-believing Christians, what questions might we consider?

          Is the Turin shroud the burial cloth of Jesus Christ?

          Why all this controversy surrounding this object?

          What would it mean if this were the actual burial cloth of
          the crucified Jewish Messiah?

          What proof is there to support this tradition? Or is the
          burial shroud a hoax?

          What significance would there be in uncovering this relic
          as some kind of fraud?

          What can we glean from an examination of a topic such
     as this, one that is fueled by passionate, and sometimes
     heated, arguments on either side of the debate?




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THE SHROUD ITSELF

The shroud is a long, rectangular cloth with the negative image of
what would appear to be the full frontal and backside of a
crucified man of approximately 5’10” in height. The man’s image
lay lengthwise along the cloth as if the man had been placed upon
the cloth and as it had been folded over him again lengthwise,
thus providing the images for front and back.

     NOTE: I am not going to provide any images here of
     the shroud. Many can be found with a quick search on
     the Internet.




RESEARCH IN ANTIQUITY

It seems that most of the television shows, specials, and video
commentaries concerning the shroud typically provide some
scientific or testimonial evidence for the shroud’s authenticity or
illegitimacy. With regard to scientific evidence provided on these
TV specials, etc., there is carbon-14 dating, thermal imaging,
pigment and fiber analysis, and so forth. Testimonial evidence
often comes by way of researchers providing documents of


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antiquity to support or refute its “historical” journey from first
century Judea to the present.

Most of the commentaries that I have seen never really give
scripture more than a cursory mention or consideration. If any
commentary is made concerning the Bible, it is merely to
acknowledge that Jesus of Nazareth was scourged, made to wear
a crown of thorns, and crucified.

If we read our Bibles and take scripture seriously, there wouldn’t
be a controversy at all.




HAIRS OF HIS CHINNY CHIN CHIN

The image of the face of the man on the shroud has a full, long
beard. Jesus, the Christ of God, as a first century Jewish male,
would have certainly had a beard. The Hebrew scripture from
Leviticus 19:27 reads:

     “Ye shall not round the corners of your heads, neither
     shalt thou mar the corners of thy beard.”

To the rabbinical, orthodox Jew, this was the 345th
commandment of 613 specified in their Law (Torah). More

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literally, the observant Jew was not to “ruin the edge” of his beard,
as was the practice of idolatrous priests among the heathen
nations. Chasidim, ultra-orthodox, and many orthodox Jews still
adhere to the practice of growing their beards out to ensure that
this commandment could not possibly be broken.

Would Jesus have had a beard when He was placed in the
garden tomb? The prophet Isaiah tells us that the Messiah would
be beaten and His beard would be removed:

     I gave My back to the smiters, and My cheeks to them
     that plucked off the hair: I hid not My face from shame
     and spitting. Isaiah 50:6

The Hebrew word ‫( למרטים‬L’Maratiym), which is
translated “plucked off the hair,” literally means “to make bald.”
Jesus Christ didn’t just have a tuft of His beard pulled out; His
entire beard was plucked from His face!




A DIFFERENT DO

The image on the shroud shows a man with long hair. Many
today typically picture Jesus as having long hair. Many movies


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portray Him as having long hair. Every picture and icon over the
centuries portrays Jesus as having long hair. Many of the
shroud’s defenders suggest that the religious iconoclast were
modeled from the shroud. These proponents theorize that if, for
centuries, the shroud was accepted as being authentic, that would
explain why the icons and paintings have such striking similarities
to the shroud.

Yet, we should question whether or not Jesus had long hair at all.
If he had long hair, Judas would have been able to betray Christ
merely by pointing out that the one they intended to arrest was
the one with the long hair. If the Bible is our authority and
standard, then Jesus wouldn’t have had long hair.

The apostle Paul, a first century Jewish Pharisee from Tarsus,
who became a Christian after his dramatic conversion on the road
to Damascus, writes this to the church at Corinth:

     Every man praying or prophesying, having his head
     covered, dishonoureth his head…. Doth not even
     nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it
     is a shame unto him? But if a woman have long hair,
     it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a
     covering. 1 Corinthians 11:4, 14-15


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Short hair was not only a practice among the Jews, but it was also
among the Romans and the Greeks of that time. A cursory study
of the coinage and the sculptures of that day do so inform and
testify. By all three cultures, long hair for men “would have been
regarded as a token of effeminacy.” [1]

Some might beg to suggest that Jesus had long hair because He
had a Nazarite vow upon Him. This suggestion is not only a
misunderstanding of the Nazarite vow, but also a
misunderstanding of Christ’s fulfillment as a Nazarite and a
Nazarene.

The Jewish practice of keeping hair short is still maintained today.
The observant Jew finds his interpretation from the “Vow of the
Nazarite” (Numbers 6:1-21). Yes, this is the very same vow that
was upon Samson in judging Israel against the Philistines. It is
also the very same vow that was upon John the Baptist from his
birth. One is considered a Nazarite (not a Nazarene) when he or
she makes a vow and separates himself or herself unto the
LORD. The Nazarite is not to drink anything fermented, not to eat
or drink anything from the grapevine, neither is a razor to come

1
 Alfred Edersheim, Sketches of Jewish Social Life; Hendrickson
Publishing, 1994; pg. 200



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upon the head… until the vow is fulfilled or if that person’s
consecration was polluted, in which case he would have to start
again. Then the hair is cut and placed in the fire when a peace
offering is sacrificed. Most rabbis commenting in the Talmud
would then interpret this as a subtlety for a grooming standard.
They reason that if one’s hair grows long without a haircut during
the “Vow of the Nazarite,” then a man would naturally keep his
hair cut at all other times; the only exception being when he has
taken the Nazarite vow. ‫נזיר‬

By the way, Jesus is called a Nazarene in Matthew 2:23, as
fulfillment of the "Branch" of Isaiah 11:1. In Isaiah 11, Jesus is
the Netzer ( ‫ .) נצר‬In Numbers 6, Jesus is the Nazeer ( ‫,) נזיר‬
which He would not fulfill until His death upon the cross, for while
He walked upon the earth, He drank wine and grape juice, He
touched unclean things to raise the dead and cleanse lepers, etc.
He announced His Nazarite vow at His last Passover meal with
His disciples, recorded in Matthew 26:29,

     But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit
     of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in
     my Fathers kingdom.




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But Biblically speaking, Jesus Christ, more than likely
did not have long hair because of what we read in 1 Corinthians
10 above. Remember, the scripture, not rabbinical traditions, is
our authoritative standard.




MARKED OR MARRED OF VISAGE

Nearly every TV show available on the shroud has a forensic
specialist provide his or her expert testimony concerning the
marks seen upon the backside of the man’s image. They present
that the marks are indicative of a random pattern of strokes that
could only be produced by the weighted leather tongs falling upon
the back of one who was scourged with a Roman flagellum.

This would be very compelling evidence indeed were it not for
scripture. In His description of the “suffering Servant,” God tells
us through Isaiah the prophet that the Messiah would be
unrecognizable in His injuries, according to Isaiah 52:14:

     “As many were astonied at Thee; His visage was so
     marred more than any man, and His form more than the
     sons of men.”



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In other words, the Christ’s appearance would be disfigured until
He was unrecognizable as a human being.

The New Testament gospel accounts are consistent with the kind
of beating Jesus received to fulfill the scripture in Isaiah 52:14, as
it is written in Matthew 27:29-30,

     “And when they had platted a crown of thorns, they put
     it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand: and they
     bowed the knee before him, and mocked him, saying,
     Hail, King of the Jews! And they spit upon him, and took
     the reed, and smote him on the head.”

The word “reed” is translated from the Greek word κάλαμον
(kalamon). This reed was a staff or a stick. The word “smote” is
translated from the Greek word έτυπτον (etupton), which means
“to beat repeatedly” or “to pummel.” Jesus Christ was beaten
upon the head and the face repeatedly with a stick until He was
pummeled.




SHEET OR STRIPS? LET’S FACE IT




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The shroud, as mentioned earlier, is presented as a huge,
singular linen cloth that was folded over the body lengthwise
which “resulted” in the image being cast or projected on both
sides of the sheet. Again, this is inconsistent with scripture.
Joseph of Arimathaea begged for Jesus’ body and he and
Nicodemus placed the Lord in a garden tomb very near Calvary,
according to John 19:40,

     “Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen
     clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to
     bury.”

The word “linen clothes” is translated from the Greek word
όθονίοις (othoniois), which nearly always refers to bandages
or strips of linen cloth for swathing the dead.

Additionally, we see the term, “as the manner of the Jews is to
bury,” in John 19:40. To find out more about this manner, we can
look at the account of Lazarus’ resurrection in chapter 11 of
John’s gospel. Lazarus had been in the tomb for four days and
the Lord commanded that the stone be rolled away. After praying
to the Father, it is recorded in John 11:43-44, the Lord Jesus
Christ said,




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     “And when he thus had spoken, he cried with a loud
     voice, Lazarus, come forth. And he that was dead
     came forth, bound hand and foot with
     graveclothes: and his face was bound about with a
     napkin. Jesus saith unto them, Loose him, and let him
     go.”

There was a “napkin” bound upon Lazarus’ face. The word “with
a napkin” is translated from Greek word σουδαρίω (soudarioo).
This napkin was a small towel that covered the face or head of
the dead. The same word is also used of handkerchiefs for
wiping sweat from the face (Acts 19:12). Well, it seems that the
same kind of “napkin” was used for the Lord in His burial. Mary
Magdalene told Simon Peter and John that the Lord was not in
the sepulcher. They ran to the tomb and looked inside. It is
recorded in John 20:6-8,

     “Then cometh Simon Peter following him, and went into
     the sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie, And
     the napkin, that was about his head, not lying with
     the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place
     by itself. Then went in also that other disciple, which
     came first to the sepulchre, and he saw, and believed.”



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Once again, the same Greek word translated “napkin” from John
11:44 is used in John 20:7. Notice that the cloth that would have
been around the Lord’s head is wrapped in a place by itself, away
from the other wrappings.

From a scriptural standpoint, the Shroud of Turin could surely not
be the burial cloth of Jesus Christ.




GOD’S AUTHORITATIVE WORD

The issue is not whether the shroud of Turin is authentic. One of
the key issues is the authority of scripture. It is so evident in
those special shows and television programs how these
researchers try to prove or disprove the validity of this object
through means other than the Biblical text. As a result, the real
hoax perpetuated on people is not the fakery of the shroud, but
blindness to the beauty, the wonder, and the inerrancy of God’s
Word; AND more than that, the attention given by those vested
into investigating the shroud, distracts and deposes people, even
Christians, from the gospel of Jesus Christ. It takes our eyes, our
thinking, our hearts, from the truth of Jesus Christ, and Him
crucified (but we’ll cover that a bit more a little later).


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In all matters, we must stand upon the absolute authority of
scripture; otherwise we will be reduced to the relativism of
personal opinion. It is a vain (or more accurately, insane) man
that would profess to know everything that there is to know. The
science we have today is a conglomeration of theories, and many
of them, perhaps even most of them, fall short of God’s
authoritative Word. The more we learn, the more we realize we
don’t know.

On the other hand, the more we do learn, the more the Bible
shines through as having had the correct scientific answer all the
time. The sixty-six books of the Bible, given to us by God through
over forty different authors over a period of approximately 1,500
years, is the only record of antiquity that not only boasts of being
“God-breathed,” but substantiates its claim through fulfilled
prophecy, as recorded in 2 Timothy 3:16-17 and 2 Peter 1:19-21
respectively:

     “All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is
     profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for
     instruction in righteousness: That the man of God may
     be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works.”




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     “We have also a more sure word of prophecy;
     whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light
     that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the
     day star arise in your hearts: Knowing this first, that no
     prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation.
     For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of
     man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved
     by the Holy Ghost.”




“YEA, HATH GOD SAID…”

How then does one explain some of the inexplicable anomalies
that the shroud seems to posses: the 3-dimensional quality of the
image; the laser-like transmission of the image that is beyond our
present technology, etc? Frankly, I can’t explain them. Neither
do I care to. Satan has been very good at getting our attention off
of God and getting us to waste our time on trivialities. If Satan, as
the father of lies (John 8:44), can disguise himself as an angel of
light (2 Corinthians 11:14), then he’s probably clever enough to
provide some trickery in this world. The Bible tells us that Satan’s
servant, “that Wicked,” comes with “all power and signs and lying
wonders” (2Thessalonians 2:8, 9).

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Satan’s tactics have not changed. He has employed them since
the beginning. First, he raises doubts about God’s Word:

     “Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the
     field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto
     the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of
     every tree of the garden?” Genesis 3:1

DOUBT

In essence, the wiles of Satan would get us to believe any form of
lying wonder in order to doubt God’s Word. “Hey, look,” he says,
“here’s this amazing artifact!” Just as he did in the garden, he stirs
controversy about what God has clearly decreed.

Doubt feeds and breeds the “lust of the flesh” (1 John 2:16). The
spirit may be willing, but the flesh is weak (Matthew 26:41), and
unless guarded by the gospel truth of Christ crucified, wherein is
power (1 Corinthians 1:18), we may get carried away with such
things as lopping off ears in the garden (John 18:10), or denying
the Lord thrice while warming ourselves by the fire (John 18:25).




“YE SHALL NOT SURELY DIE…”


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From the doubt he raises about God’s Word, it is not a far journey
to dismiss God’s Word and outright deny God’s Word. The enemy
has shown us this tactic also from the beginning:

     “And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of
     the fruit of the trees of the garden: But of the fruit of the
     tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said,
     Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye
     die. And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall
     not surely die:” Genesis 3:2-4

DENIAL

Essentially, once Satan gets a foothold on our thoughts by
doubting the Word of God, we stand upon very shaky ground, as
it were, because as our feet are shod with the preparation of the
gospel of peace (Ephesians 6:15), that gospel comes to us by the
Word of God, as it is written:

     “So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the
     word of God.” Romans 10:17




Through the first tactic, the instability that comes by doubt makes
us vulnerable, and though we may hold the shield of faith to

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quench those fiery darts (Ephesians 6:16), it is not held fast and
flaming arrows whiz by the shield in attempts to get to chinks
around the breastplate of righteousness (Ephesians 6:14).

Here Satan roars of the “miraculous superiority” of what we see
over what we have heard from heaven above, and moreover,
what God has done in, through, and by His one and only Son,
Jesus Christ. “Look,” says he, “seeing is believing! You can make
sense of this because it’s right before your eyes.”

Denial feeds and breeds the “lust of the eyes” (1 John 2:16). It
dismisses God’s Word in favor of natural, earthly reason. It denies
the truth that “we walk by faith, not by sight” (2 Corinthians 5:7)
and confounds revelation by the Spirit from the throne of grace
while elevating anything that has “a form of godliness, but denying
the power [of gospel faith] thereof” (2 Timothy 3:5).

The double-mindedness of doubt (James 1:5-8) removes the
singleness of eye (Matthew 6:22), and thus, the body is not full of
light. There is dimness, even darkness, in our gospel witness.




“YE SHALL BE AS GODS…”



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From the doubt and denial Satan’s final attack is upon the infinite
nature of God Himself. He has brought doubt to God’s Word first;
then denies the gospel of Jesus Christ as the only way to fulfill
God’s plan; and finally, he perverts the very nature of God by
suggesting that true deity is something to be attained or grasped.
This is a departure from the eternal plan of God through His only
begotten Son, and ultimately, means destruction. Again, this
tactic, God has revealed to us as Satan’s onslaught against
humanity from the beginning:

     “For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then
     your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods,
     knowing good and evil.” Genesis 3:5

DEPARTURE

This is a matter of a departure from God’s eternal gospel
altogether. For the Christian, one who is clothed in the light of
Christ and has donned the armor of the Spirit, it means a
temporary vulnerability, and if given over to these wiles without
immediate confession of sin and repentance toward faith in Christ,
will mean being handed over to Satan for the destruction of the
flesh so that repentance with godly sorrow will be produced in the
Christian life.


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For the unbelieving soul, who has kindly walked upon the earth
with many blessings because of the common grace of God
bestowed upon all under His realm, it means ultimate destruction
because of the denial of Christ and a full rejection of His gospel.

Satan is the Father of lies and a murderer from the beginning
(John 8:44), having murdered Adam and Even through his deceit,
convincing them that they could attain unto deity. This is spiritual
adultery and uncleanness of the first order and the horror of utter
rebellion against Majesty.




GOD’S GLORIOUS GOSPEL

Man’s only safeguard against deception is a life surrendered unto
God through Jesus Christ, the incarnate Son who is our crucified,
resurrected, reigning, and returning Redeemer.

The gospel not only saves us, but is our eternal possession that
comforts us through trials and builds us up by growth in grace and
strength in spirit. The gospel is that truth whereby the Holy Spirit
brings glory to the Son (John 16:14); and if the chief end of man is
to glorify God, and to enjoy Him forever, then the gospel is a



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possession that should be clutched in the bosom and meditated
upon often.

Just as Christian, in Mr. Bunyan’s very famous, The Pilgrim’s
Progress, ascended his Hill Difficulty, he took repose by the
peace provided by God in an arbor along the way. He found
refreshment in the gospel, the parchment roll given him by
Evangelist; however, he fell asleep in the midst of his trial, and the
gospel scroll fell from his hand; once he finished his ascent of the
hill, reaching for the gospel from the place he kept it in the bosom
of his heart, it was gone. He retraced his steps to find where he
had lost it. He could not continue along in his journey without the
precious gospel kept in the bosom of his breast. It is that gospel
truth that we must bring before the thoughts of our mind, being
reminded always and always that the Person of Jesus Christ is
never divorced from the work He has accomplished through His
incarnation, crucifixion, resurrection, ascension, and intercessions
until He come again in His consummation.

The gospel of Jesus Christ is not only the very salvation of our
souls; it is also the heart of the sanctifying Word of God, and the
joy of the glorifying hope of God.




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Lying wonders, such as the Turin shroud, would distract us from
the precious truth of the gospel of Jesus Christ. It is placed there
by emissaries of Satan to entice our attentions and affections
away from our first love, Jesus Christ. Let us therefore, endeavor
by God’s grace to be diligent…

     “Lest Satan should get an advantage of us: for we are
     not ignorant of his devices.” 2 Corinthians 2:11

In a way, I thank God that the shroud exists. In His providence
and divine sovereignty He has allowed it; and by its existence, the
shroud gives us an opportunity to look into scriptural truth and
weigh out a matter according to the Bible, God’s holy Word. What
Satan means for evil, God will use for His glory and for the
edification of His people.




IN SUMMARY

Let’s summarize this topic by answering those questions we
posed at the beginning of this report:

     Is the Turin shroud the burial cloth of Jesus Christ?
     Certainly not, if the Bible is truly the Word of God, then


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there is no way that the shroud can be true; and as we have
seen, can only be explained as a deception of Satan, just as
the Word declares.

     Why all this controversy surrounding this object? Satan
     attempts to bring doubt to God’s Word, and there are
few surer ways to stir doubt than to raise controversy.

     What would it mean if this were the actual burial cloth of the
     crucified Jewish Messiah? For one thing, the Reformation
cry of Sola Scriptura, would be meaningless, and without the
authority of scripture alone, and the totality of scripture (Tota
Scriptura) as that which is complete in providing for us the
gospel, allows for men to establish any standard as they will.
Interpretation of the Word would be upon traditions,
emotions, and individual perceptions, rather than
interpreting scripture with scripture with the glorious gospel
of Jesus Christ at the very center of every interpretation.

    What proof is there to support this tradition? Or is the burial
    shroud a hoax? There is no proof to support its claims.
Proponents of the shroud try to use some of the texts of
scripture, yet will not concede that this method refutes itself,
as I have shown by scriptural texts in context. Either the


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scripture is authority, or it is not. You can’t have it both
ways. Authority as convenient is ridiculous.

     What significance would there be in uncovering this relic as
     some kind of fraud? As faith comes by hearing the Word
of God, knowing that this relic is as God declares, a lying
wonder, sent by Satan in order to deceive, the believer’s faith
is strengthened by the Word, which protects us from the
wiles of Satan, discerns the thoughts and intents of the
heart, and sanctifies Christ’s own for His glory and the glory
of God the Father.

     What can we glean from an examination of a topic such as
     this, one that is fueled by passionate, and sometimes
heated, arguments on either side of the debate? God is
sovereign; His Word is true; His gospel is glorious; His Son
is supreme.




     This report was expanded from an article originally written and published
      in 2003 on my old website, vayahiy.com. That website no longer exists.

       The very first part has been republished at Justification by Grace.com




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FOR YOUR GROWTH IN GRACE

     But grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our
     Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. To him be glory
     both now and for ever. Amen.
                                                2 Peter 3:18
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CHRIST AND HIM CRUCIFIED! If you do not have a copy of
Christ and Him Crucified, I strongly recommend that you get
one.




The book is available at Amazon.com
http://www.amazon.com/dp/1468029576

I believe that it is an incredible resource to encourage you to
remain in the grip of grace and the glory of the gospel of Jesus
Christ. Needless to say, your purchase helps to further our
ministry to proclaim the good news of Jesus Christ, the Son of
God. A Kindle Edition is of Christ and Him Crucified is also
available. It has reached #1 in Christology, Apologetics and
Soteriology.

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    The Shroud of Turin: Holy or Hoax?
            JustificationByGrace.com


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         The Shroud of Turin: Holy or Hoax?
                 JustificationByGrace.com




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     The Shroud of Turin: Holy or Hoax?
             JustificationByGrace.com



  A NEW FICTION SERIES FOR TEENS

YOU KILL’D MY PAHDER, FREFARE TO DIE
      The Continuing Saga & Delicious Misadventures of
       Wilmer P. Cohen: Pilgrim, Patriot, Just Plain Joe




       http://youkilledmypahder.com


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            The Shroud of Turin: Holy or Hoax?
                    JustificationByGrace.com




If you have been blessed by this report, could I impose upon you
to share these links on your blog, website or social network?

             This link for your friends on Facebook,
 https://www.facebook.com/Christ.Crucified/app_214149101939208

          or this link for your friends not on Facebook,
                     http:/lyingwonders.com




                   Thank you so very much,

    May the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ shine upon you.

                                                  Jon J. Cardwell




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