Protists Student Notes Outline

							[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                                      Biology I Notes Outline

Cell Theory

   1. List the three parts of the cell theory:

            a.


            b.


            c.


   2. Define prokaryotic cells –



   3. Define eukaryotes –



   4. What are the two differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

            a.



            b.



   5. What are the limits on cell size? Fill out the table below.




                                Single Small Cell        Single Large Cell      Multicellular

   Total Surface Area

   Total Volume
   Surface-to-Volume
   Ratio



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[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                       Biology I Notes Outline

   6. The eukaryotic cell is divided into two parts:

            a. Cytoplasm –


            b. Nucleus –


   7. What are organelles?



Protists

   8. Define the three types of protists:

            a. Unicellular –


            b. Colonial –


            c. Multicellular –


   9. What do each of these supergroups mean?

            a. Excavata -

            b. Chromoalveolata -

            c. Rhizaria -

            d. Archaeplastida –

            e. Unikonta –

Excavata

   10. What do most members of the excavata group have?



   11. Euglena are mixotrophs. What does this mean?


            a. How do euglena move?


Biology I                                                                    2
[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                                       Biology I Notes Outline

   12. What is the purpose of each of these structures in the euglena?

            a. Chloroplasts –


            b. Eyespot –


            c. Cell membrane –


            d. Cytoplasm –


            e. Pellicle –


   13. Define osmosis –



   14. Hypertonic solutions have ___________ solute than any cells present.

            a. Example:

   15. Hypotonic solutions have ___________ solute than any cells present.

            a. Example:

   16. Isotonic solutions have ___________ solute than any cells present.

            a. Example:

   17. What happens when red blood cells enter distilled (hypotonic) water?



   18. What happens when plant cells enter distilled (hypotonic) water?



   19. What are vacuoles?


            a. How do euglena use vacuoles to protect themselves in fresh water from bursting?




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[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                     Biology I Notes Outline

   20. Label the diagram of the euglena below:




   21. What disease does Trichomonas vaginalis cause?

            a. Who is it most likely to infect?


   22. What disease does Trypanosomas cause?

            a. What spreads the disease?




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[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                                Biology I Notes Outline

Chromalveolates

   23. Why are chromalveolates considered similar to plants?



   24. Define cell walls –



   25. Are all chromoalveolates autotrophs?



   26. How do paramecium move?



   27. How do paramecium eat?



   28. Paramecia have two vacuoles, what is the purpose of each?

            a. Food vacuole –


            b. Contractile vacuole –


   29. What is the purpose of the two nuclei inside paramecia?

            a. Macronucleus –


            b. Micronucleus –




Biology I                                                                             5
[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                  Biology I Notes Outline

   30. Label the diagram of a paramecium below:




   31. Diatoms are a type of algae. Define algae –



   32. What is the cell wall of diatoms made of?



   33. Give an example of brown algae –


   34. Give an example of red algae –




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[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                                        Biology I Notes Outline

   35. What disease does plasmodium cause?

            a. How is the disease spread?


            b. How do people living in areas affected by Malaria control it?


   36. What organism do water molds resemble?


            a. What is a famous example of a water mold?


Rhizarians
   37. What do all protozoa in this group have?


   38. What are pseudopods?


            a. What do pseudopods allow rhizarians to do?


   39. What causes dysentery?


   40. How is dysentery spread?


Archaeplastida
   41. What two organelles do these protozoa have?


   42. What do mitochondria do?


   43. What do chloroplasts do?


   44. According to the endosymbiotic theory, where did chloroplasts and mitochondria come from?


            a. What features are found in each organelle that support this theory?


   45. What causes the color difference between red and green algae?


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[UNIT 5 – PROTISTS]                                                Biology I Notes Outline

Unikonta
   46. What do all members of the unikonta group have in common?



   47. Amoebas have a contractile vacuole. What is its purpose?



   48. What is the purpose of the lysosome organelle?



   49. Label the amoeba shown below.




Biology I                                                                             8