T6 Ad Hoc Team Proposal

							                        T6 Ad Hoc Team Proposal


                                      9 November, 2009
                                       Marcus Boolish



UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   1
                   Outcome of Paris Meeting
          Agreement to:
           – Add Crush test option for smaller cells and
             batteries

           – Further review Impact test



UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   2
                                  T6 Ad Hoc Team
          Improving the language for the Impact test
          proved extremely difficult

          Recommendation
           – Delete Impact test
           – Replace with Crush test




UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   3
             Reasons to Delete Impact Test
          More severe for small cells
          May be completely ineffective for larger cells
          Not the same for the various types
          Not truly repeatable
          Numerous variables (some difficult to control)




UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   4
                                                  Impact Test
                                                Too Severe / Ineffective




 Note: Not all the cells shown are lithium types. But, there are lithium types in these (and other) diameter categories.


UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009                                              5
                                         Impact Test
                                           Not the Same Test




UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   6
                                         Impact Test
                                           Not the Same Test




            The bar can
      (and some do) attach
        to the 9.1 kg mass




UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   7
                                         Impact Test
                 Repeatability / Variables (Some Difficult to Control)


         Angle of the bar (if any angle)
         Length of the bar
         The location of the impact
         The transfer of the impact weight to exactly the same
         position each time
         Whether the bar can be supported or not
         The bar material


UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   8
                                                   Proposal
   38.3.4.6             Test 6: Crush
   38.3.4.6.1           Purpose                                                     Modified language from IEC 60086-4
        This test simulates a mechanical crush.
   38.3.4.6.2             Test procedure – Crush
        A cell or component cell shall be crushed between two flat surfaces. The force shall be applied by a vice or by a hydraulic
        ram with a round piston. The crushing is to be gradual with a speed of approximately 1.5 cm/s at the first point of contact.
        The crushing is to be continued until the applied force reaches 13 kN.

        Example: The force shall be applied by a hydraulic ram with a 32 mm diameter piston until a pressure of 17 MPa is reached
        on the hydraulic ram.

        Once the maximum pressure has been obtained, the pressure shall be released.

        A cylindrical cell shall be crushed with its longitudinal axis parallel to the flat surfaces on the crushing apparatus. A
        prismatic or pouch cell shall be crushed by applying the force in the direction of one of the two axes perpendicular to its
        longitudinal axis, and, separately, by applying the force in the direction of the other one of these two axes. Prismatic or
        pouch cells with non-flat sides may be supported during the test provided the support does not materially affect the
        results. A button/coin cell shall be crushed by applying the force on its flat surfaces.

        Each test cell or component cell is to be subjected to one crush only. The test sample shall be observed for a further 6 h.
        The test shall be conducted using test cells or component cells that have not previously been subjected to other tests.

   Requirements
       There shall be no excessive temperature rise (temperature exceeds 170 ºC), no explosion and no fire during this test and
       within the 6 h of observation.
UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009                                                          9
            Internal Short Circuit Test Development
                                             IEC SC21A – Blunt Nail Penetration


           Neither Impact or Crush are truly short circuit tests

           Work with IEC SC21A on such a test (not yet ready)

           Could be the inclusion of a true, repeatable internal
           short circuit test within IEC 62133* in the next few
           years.


 *IEC 62133 - Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – safety requirements for
 portable sealed secondary cells and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications.



UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009                                              10
          Internal Short Circuit Test Development
                                     IEC SC21A – Blunt Nail Penetration




                              Images courtesy of Underwriters Laboratories

UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   11
                             Additional Proposal

       Adopt IEC 62281 as
          the UN Model
         Regulations for
        Lithium Batteries


   IEC 62281: Safety of primary and
   secondar lithium cells and batteries
   during transport

UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   12   12
                                           IEC 62281
          Joint effort
           – Global battery and regulatory experts
           – Rechargeable and primary industries
           – IEC SC21A / IEC TC35
          Revised every 3-5 years
          Allows for faster transition to best thinking in
          tests
          Globally recognized
UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   13
                                              Thank You

                             ありがとうございます。



UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009   14