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Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Santa Cruz AMA
Virtual Tour
September 2000
Introduction Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
In 1980...
…the Code
created the
Tucson AMA
But after
14 years... …the Code
created
the Santa
Cruz AMA
Introduction Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Introduction Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
The management goal of the
Santa Cruz AMA is to maintain
a safe-yield condition in the
Amado
PIMA I-19
active management area and to
SANTA
Tubac prevent local water tables from
COUNTY
experiencing long-term
CRUZ declines.
§45-562(C)
COUNTY
Rio Rico
I-19 SR-82
Nogales
Introduction Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Land Ownership
• SCAMA covers 716 square miles
State
Land
Land Ownership State State Coronado
Land Land Nat’l
Forest
Federal
36% Private
42%
Coronado
National
Forest State
Park
Coronado
Nat’l
Forest
State
22%
Introduction Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Demographics
• 37,000 people
Amado
• Nogales, Rio Rico,
Tubac and Amado
PIMA
COUNTY
SANTA • Population
Tubac
concentrated in
CRUZ Nogales and along the
Santa Cruz River
COUNTY
Rio Rico
• Large fluctuations in
temporary residents
Nogales
Introduction Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Binational Issues
• Nogales, AZ population ‘Ambos Nogales’
approximately 23,000
• Nogales, Mexico population
approximately 300,000
• Binational watershed
• Well fields in Arizona United States
downstream from well fields
Mexico
in Sonora
• Impact in AZ from water
policies in Mexico
• Mexico’s right to return
effluent flows
• Impact of additional
development in Mexico
Physical Setting Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Climate
20-22"
18-20"
20-22" 16-18" 14-16"
28-30"
26-28"
20-22"
24-26"
20-22"
20-22"
18-20"
24-26"
Mean annual precipitation
Physical Setting Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Surface Water
Sopori Wash
Josephine Canyon
Sonoita Creek
Santa Cruz River
Nogales Wash
Physical Setting Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Hydrogeology
• Three layer aquifer
system
– Nogales Formation
• oldest & deepest layer
• low yield
– Older Alluvium
• large storage
• low transmissivity
– Younger Alluvium
Bedrock
• productive & heavily used
Nogales
Formation
• 40 to 150 feet thick
Older Alluvium
Younger Alluvium
Physical Setting Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Wells
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• ~1,300 registered wells
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• Two-thirds of wells are
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Blue: exempt Red: non-exempt
Demand Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
All water uses Use by Sector
Underflow Indus.
to TAMA Ag. 8%
16% 19%
10,300 AF
8,600 AF
Muni.
13%
7,300 AF
Muni.
Indus. 40%
3% Ag.
1,500 AF 52%
Exempt
Riparian 1%
48% 537 AF
25,800 AF
Supply Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Low Range/Poor Year High Range/Good Year
Estimate (10th Percentile) Estimate (90th Percentile)
Effluent
Effluent Major
Recharge
Recharge Tributary
8% Mountian &
19% Recharge
82% Minor
Major Tributary
Mountain &
Tributary Minor Recharge
Recharge Tributary 7%
57% Recharge
Incidental
33%
Recharge
2%
Underflow Incidental Underflow
from Mexico Recharge
from Mexico
1% 6%
1%
Total supply 39,600 Total supply 142,900
Budget Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Santa Cruz AMA Budget
160000 160000
140000 140000
120000 120000
100000 100000
ACRE/FEET
ACRE/FEET
80000 80000
60000 60000
40000 40000
20000 20000
0 0
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
YEAR
Municipal Demand Agriculture Demand
Industrial Demand Riparian Consumption
Underflow Leaving AMA Surface Flow Leaving AMA
10th Percentile Supply 50th Percentile Supply
90th Percentile Supply
Budget Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
• In dry years the aquifers are overdrafted
• During wet years the aquifers get replenished
and more water leaves the AMA
• The use of a long term water budget could be
misleading due to limited storage capacity and
fast movement of water in the younger alluvium
• Safe yield is assumed to be achieved in the
long term
Historic Trends Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Agriculture Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Sopori
irrigation acres Tubac Agricultural Demand
irrigation acres 58-112480.0000 compared to all other
Irrigation Grandfathered Rights
14,000 • Winter mix, bermuda,
12,000
10,000
& fescue
8,000 • Mostly used for cattle
Acre-Feet
Rio Rico 6,000
pasture
irrigation acres 4,000
2,000 • 65 irrigation rights (>10 AC)
0
24 1996 1997 >50%
• 1995 rights using 1998
of allotment
Other Rights "Rio Rico Right"
• One irrigation right
accounts for 1/3 to
1/2 of total use
Municipal Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
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• Four large providers
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City of
Nogales W.C.
Industrial Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
• Four golf courses
• One regulated sand
Tubac
& gravel facility
b
Rio Rico San Xavier Sand
b & Gravel
Palo Duro
b b
Kino Springs
Riparian Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
• ~26,000 AF of
riparian evapo-
transpiration
• Nogales International
Wastewater
Treatment Plant
(NIWWTP) is primary
source of water NIWWTP
Projections Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
Projected Water Use
By sector, for 'Conservation Scenario'
12,000
Agriculture
10,000
Municipal
8,000
Acre feet
6,000
4,000
Industrial
2,000
0
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
Year
Issues and Challenges Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
• Maintain the AMA goal in a highly variable system
• Lack of access to renewable water supplies
• Conjunctive Management of Surface Water and
Groundwater
- Impact on surface water rights by groundwater pumping
- Community desire to protect riparian habitat
- Physical challenge in developing recharge facilities
- Difficulty in measuring achievement of management programs
Issues and Challenges Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
• Implementation of Assured Water Supply Rules
• Establishment of well spacing criteria
• Work with local water users to propose legislation
to create a replenishment/water district authority
• Continue dialogue with local, state and federal
agencies in Mexico to negotiate agreements in
future effluent uses
AMA Accomplishments Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
• Increase in hydrological data collection
• Evaluation of natural water demands and supplies
• Publication of the Third Management Plan as Santa Cruz AMA
• Establishment of binational cooperation in hydrological data
collection and exchange
•Support the efforts to reach a surface water claims settlement
prior to adjudication
•Refined understanding of the hydrological conditions by the
development of surface and groundwater models
•Funding grants to explore water augmentation opportunities
Santa Cruz AMA Santa Cruz AMA Virtual Tour
