John Welsby Presentation

							      The Management of Third Party
        Generated Risk in Ireland

               International Railway Safety
                        Conference
                    Goa, October 2007



An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid   Railway Safety Commission
 Historical Legislation:
 • The focus was on railways a ‘novel technology’ and the need to
   protect neighbours.
 • There was only limited recognition of
     – the capacity of 3rd party activities to create railway risk and
     – ‘fitness-for-purpose’ in design and operation.




 • By and large railways seen as exporters rather than importers of risk.
 • Even in relatively recent legislation, there was no substantive
   recognition of a dynamic operating environment.

An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid                 Railway Safety Commission
 Contemporary legislation:
 • An integrated framework assigns responsibilities to internal and
   external duty holders.
 • Railway undertakings are required to demonstrate adequacy of
   safety management in a safety case (including 3rd party interfaces).
 • The requirement for periodic safety case review against current
   industry good practice is effectively a check on continuing fitness for
   purpose.
 • A general duty of care is placed on all parties to have regard for
   their own safety and that of others conducting their activities on
   and about the railway.
 • There is no mechanism for ongoing review of fitness for purpose of
   3rd party assets and procedures.
 • A responsibility is placed on regulator to promote safety and provide
   appropriate guidance (including to 3rd parties).


An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid           Railway Safety Commission
 Risk Model:
 • The original model, developed in 1998 as part
   of system safety review,
 • used tolerability limits and VPF within ALARP
   framework to support safety investment.
 • Irish Rail, supported by Sotera Risk Solutions,
   has subsequently developed a more
   comprehensive model which is
 • Predictive, using standard Hazid/FTA tools,
   and
 • based on
     – 227 functional locations at each of which
     – 200+ parameters were rated for each and
     – 1000+ identified hazards.

An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid               Railway Safety Commission
 Predicted Risk:
  • 9 equivalent fatalities in 2007 = 50% reduction on 2003 base year
    figure and 20% on 2005 (reflects impact of safety investment
    programme).
  • Only 25 of 1000 modelled hazards related to 3rd party activities but
    represented 49% of total risk (4.4 equivalent fatalities).
  • 80% + (3.5+ equivalent fatalities) is risk to the 3rd parties
    themselves.
  • This equates to 18.5 x the risk that the railway exports to those
    parties.

  • 86% + of 3rd party risk related to                2.2%
                                                             9.5%

    level crossings and trespass.                                   Risk from third parties to

  • The balance, at approx 7% of total                              others
                                                                    Risk to third parties from

    operational risk, is not insignificant
                                                                    themselves
                                                                    Risk to third parties from


    and
                                                                    IE




  • derives for only 16 of the identified
                                              39.5%



    hazards.

An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid           Railway Safety Commission
 Responsibility and Accountability:
 • 3rd parties can generate risk ‘on and about’ the railway (neighbours)
   and remotely (planners etc.)
 • Actions giving rise to hazards may
     – be wilful or naive
     – not always be ‘entirely predictable or sensible’
 • For a 3rd party to be held accountable;
     – there must be a reasonable expectation of their being aware of the
       potential of their activities to create railway risk
     – the procedures that they are required to adopt in order to mitigate that
       risk must, in a current societal and environmental context, be
       reasonable
 • Responsibility on primary stakeholders, railway undertakings and
   regulators, to provide education and guidance


An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid                Railway Safety Commission
 Guidance:
 • Railway undertakings have a
   responsibility to provide
   guidance, particularly where the
   activity is on the railway.
 • Irish Rail has issued guidance on
   the safety use of unattended
   level crossings.
 • RPA/Veolia (light rail) are running
   media campaigns aimed at
   heightening awareness of risk
   associated with
     – wearing headphones in vicinity
       of railway and
     – collisions resulting from bad
       road vehicle driver behaviour
       (e.g. running traffic signals).


An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid     Railway Safety Commission
  Guidance:
 • As regulator the RSC is mandated to
   promote safety and provide guidance
   where appropriate.
 • 3rd party guidance is being developed by
   Sotera Risk Solutions for the RSC in
   consultation with stakeholders.
 • An advanced draft available on the RSC
   web-site for consultation and has also been
   announced publicly in context of
   development risk.
 • Completion is expected before end of 2007
   and will be followed by a targeted
   distribution.



An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid         Railway Safety Commission
  Guidance:
 • Based of 5 core categories;
     −Level crossing users
     −Planners and developers
     −Emergency services
     −Neighbours
     −Passengers

 • A matrix for each category links 25 principle duty
   holders (individual and group) with 82 activities.
 • For each activity the principal hazards are
   identified.
 • Guidance given on the level of potential risk and
   actions required to effective management.
 • The need for modification/augmentation will be
   reviewed on an ongoing basis.


An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid           Railway Safety Commission
 Construction and Development:




An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid   Railway Safety Commission
 Construction and Development:




An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid   Railway Safety Commission
Transport:



   4.73M/75
 Transport:




An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid   Railway Safety Commission
 Road Traffic Management:



                                                      3.35m/19




                                                     3.86m/13


An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid   Railway Safety Commission
 Agriculture:




An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid   Railway Safety Commission
 Marketing:                            Predictability:




An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid      Railway Safety Commission
 Conclusions:
 • There is an established practice of
   stakeholder cooperation in
   addressing 3rd party risk.
 • The regulatory framework is now
   supportive in making the creators
   of such risk accountable for
   management.
 • Substantial progress has been
   made in the reduction of 3rd party
   risk.
 • Continuing effort is required in
     – Improving understanding of potential sources and impacts
     – Informing and educating stakeholders
     – Ensuring that they meet their responsibilities.


An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid             Railway Safety Commission
        Thank You for Your Attention



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An Coimisiún Sábháilteachta Iarnróid   Railway Safety Commission