Psyllid IPM

							Management of Asian Citrus Psyllid




           Michael E. Rogers
   Assistant Professor of Entomology
       Email: mrogers@crec.ifas.ufl.edu
       Today’s Discussion
• Basic Psyllid biology
• Damage caused by Psyllids
• When should you expect high psyllid
  populations
• Psyllid control (mature vs. young trees)
• Alternate host plants for psyllids
• your questions
   Asian citrus psyllid – Diaphorina citri




First found in Florida June 1998
by Dr. Susan Halbert
          Asian Citrus Psyllid

5 nymphal stages

10 generations / year

Life cycle takes
15-47 days

egg   adult in 2
weeks at 75-80°F
Psyllid population growth


Need young tender flush to
reproduce

Prefer temperatures typical of
late spring or fall
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Scouting for Asian Citrus Psyllid

Important to monitor early

Check expanding terminals for
aggregations of psyllids

Treat when more than 20%
of flush infested
Mostly concerned with new
flush on young trees
   Recommended Insecticides for
       Asian Citrus Psyllid

Pesticide                Rate             Application

Admire 2F        1/16 – 1/8 oz per tree   Soil applied
                                          systemic
Provado 1.6 F       10 – 20 oz / A        Foliar applied
                                          systemic
Danitol 2.4 EC          1 pt / A          Foliar application
                                                 Psyllid adults   Agri-Mek +
            100



             80
                                                                  oil
             60
                                                                  Danitol
             40



             20
                                                                  Spintor
                  0
                      4 DAT   10 DAT   14 DAT        18 DAT
                                                                  Lorsban
% Control




            100                                   Psyllid eggs
             80                                                   Admire
             60



             40                                                   Provado
             20



              0
                      4 DAT   10 DAT   14 DAT        18 DAT
                                                                  Assail

                                                Psyllid nymphs
            100
                                                                  Temik
             80



             60
                                                                  Untreated
             40



             20



              0
                      4 DAT   10 DAT   14 DAT         18 DAT
                            Agri-Mek           Danitol        Spintor       Lorsban         Admire
                            Provado            Assail         Temik         Untreated




                      120
Mean # psyllid eggs




                       90


                       60


                       30


                        0
                                       4 DAT             10 DAT         14 DAT          18 DAT
                                     Petroleum oil sprays
                                80
Mean number of psyllid adults



                                                            Sol-Oil 97 (FC-435)
                                60

                                                            Sol-Oil 97 (FC-455)


                                40
                                                            SunSpray 11E



                                                            Mite-E-Oil
                                20


                                                            untreated

                                 0


                                         4 DAT
                 Petroleum oil sprays

            80                     Psyllid eggs
                                                  Sol-Oil 97 (FC-435)
            60



                                                  Sol-Oil 97 (FC-455)
% Control




            40



            20
                                                  SunSpray 11E
            0
                 4 DAT   8 DAT         12 DAT


                                                  Mite-E-Oil
            80                   Psyllid nymphs
            60                                    untreated

            40



            20



             0
                 4 DAT   8 DAT         12 DAT
  Natural Enemies of Juvenile D. citri in Florida
Ladybeetles (Coccinellidae)      Spiders
Curinus coeruleus                Hibana velox (Anyphaenidae)
Cycloneda sanguinea              Chiracanthium inclusum (Clubionidae)
Exochomus childreni              Hentzia palmarum (Salticidae)
Harmonia axyridis                Oxyopes sp. (Oxyopidae)
Olla v-nigrum
                                 Hemiptera (Anthocoridae)
Green Lacewings (Chrysopidae)    Orius sp.
Chrysoperla rufilabris
Ceraeochrysa spp. (2 - 3)
                                 Ants (Formicidae)
                                 Dorymyrmex bureni
Brown Lacewings (Hemerobiidae)   Pseudodmyrmex gracilis
Micromus posticus
                                 Parasitoids
Hoverflies (Syrphidae)           Tamarixia radiata
Allograpta obliqua
Parasitoids introduced
   against D. citri
              Asian citrus psyllid
                Biological control




                      Harmonia axyridis



                                          Olla v-nigrum
Cycloneda sanguinea
Relative Abundance of Coccinellid Species
             in Florida Citrus
             1997-1998                         2000-2001
       (n = 1343 observations)           (n = 762 observations)



         O. v-nigrum                 O. v-nigrum
                        Other spp.                       Other spp.
H. axyridis

                                                              C. sanguinea




                  C. sanguinea             H. axyridis
Asian citrus psyllid
Vector of Huanglongbing
(citrus greening)

Disease recently reported
in Brazil (June 2004)
Citrus Greening Disease in Brazil
            (psyllid control programs used)
A) For young trees (less than 4 years old):

Farm A = 8 sprays with insecticide/year and 01 systemic insecticide/year.
Farm B = 18 sprays with insecticide/year and 02 systemic insecticide/year.
Farm C = 16 sprays with insecticide/year and 03 systemic insecticide/year.
Farm D = 17 sprays with insecticide/year and 02 systemic insecticide/year.

B) For mature trees (more than 5 years old):

Farm A = 4 fog with insecticide/year
Farm B = 5 fog with insecticide/year and 05 foliar insecticide/year.
Farm C = 4 fog with insecticide/year and 04 foliar insecticide/year.
Farm D = 5 fog with insecticide/year and 07 foliar insecticide/year.
Orange Jasmine,
 Mock Orange
(Murraya paniculata)
  • a preferred host for ACP

  • unlikely to be a host plant for
    greening disease
Chinese box orange,
Box thorn (Severinia buxifolia)
  • host for ACP
  • can transmit greening disease
    to psyllids
Limeberry (Triphasia trifolia)
 • occassional host for ACP
 • can transmit greening disease
   to psyllids
Your Questions ?