An Example of BUY LOW SELL HIGH Learn By Doing

							LBD3300 Advanced Real Estate
    002 Real Estate Case Studies

       Prepared for: LearnByDoing.ca
              By: @ProfBruce
           Date: September 2012




                                Create the Future
Professor Bruce Murray Firestone
B. Eng. (Civil), M. Eng.-Sci., Ph.D.

Founder Ottawa Senators, Ottawa Senators
Foundation and Scotiabank Place
Entrepreneurship Ambassador, Telfer School of
Management, University of Ottawa
Executive Director, Exploriem.org
Novelist, Quantum Entity Trilogy
Writer, Entrepreneurs Handbook II
Columnist, Ottawa Business Journal
Broker, Century 21 Explorer Realty

•Follow him on Twitter at @ProfBruce
•Read his blogs at www.EQJournal.org and
www.DramatisPersonae.org
•Current motto: “Making Each Day Count”
   Residual income from yr PB4L?
   Minimal work?
   Low management intensity?
   Not really, unless you have several million
    dollars in GICs or T-bills
   Every biz, even PB4Ls, require some level of
    care and attention
   And it takes time to develop a great biz (7 to
    12 years according to Sir Terence Matthews)
Terrace Investments Ltd (An Example of Bootstrap Capital)

   Bought from group set to retire
   Asking price: $350k
   First offer (October 1982): full price offer, rejected
   Second offer (February 1983): full price offer (coldest day of the
    year), accepted
   $10k down, STB 5 years, 0 interest w/ principal pmts every yr
   Fully paid off < 2 yrs
   “Why should we sell to you, Bruce?”
   “Because I’ll actually pay you and you trust me.”
   “Where did you get to $10k?”
   “I borrowed it!”
1025 Merivale Road (An Example of Trading Behaviour)

   Plaza part of the TIL package of assets, valued at $185,000
   End of 25 year lease with IGA at $1.87 per s.f.
   Seen as a huge problem—plaza soon to be100% vacant
   Actually huge opportunity to BUY LOW/SELL HIGH (trade!)
   Lipstick renovation with architect Barry Hobin: $120,000
   Sub-divide space: $14.00 (Beckers), $6.85 (Active Components),
    $5.00 (Martial Arts)
   Sell for $1.1 million 18 months later
1025 Merivale Road
(An Example of
Trading Behaviour)
Bob Campeau (An Example of Stand Your Ground)

   TIL partner Admiralty Enterprises goes bankrupt
   Campeau Corp buys 80 properties from Receiver including 5
    TIL/Admiralty warehouses
   TIL had right of 1st Refusal clause
   Invoke rights
   Campeau invokes “Principal of the Greater Good”
Bob Campeau (An Example of Stand Your Ground)

   Andrew Jacob: “What do you want for your half, Bruce?”
   “$2.1 million.”
   “But we’re getting Admiralty’s half for $400k!”
   “Why don’t you want to be partners with the great Bob
    Campeau?”
   Larger, better capitalized partner can kill you

“He (or She) who has the Gold, rules,” Anon
Bob Campeau (An Example of Stand Your Ground)

   They can make $$$ by leasing space to tenants in bldgs they own
    100%
   Empty out 50/50 buildings
   Then come to weaker partner and do them a ‘favour’
   TIL might lose their ½ share for 0 or even negative dollars < 2 to
    3 yrs out
   Hard to argue for the ‘greater good’ when you are still getting your
    interest for 43% than FMV
   10 minutes < court hearing, “How much do you really want?”
   “$2.1 million.”
   5 minutes before: settlement for $2 million, cash
    Brookstreet Resort and the Marshes Golf Club (An Example
    of Trading Behaviour and Bootstrap Capital)

   Bought 62 acres of industrial land in 1994 for $365k
   Tough recession
   Industrial land in Kanata had gone down by 90% +
   Actually huge opportunity to BUY LOW/SELL HIGH (trade!)
   Two investors put up 100% of capital
   Loaned Bruce the $$$ for his 1/3 interest at 8%, capitalized
   Sold in 1997 to Sir Terence Matthews for $2.2 million
   Investors each get $725k
   Their IRR is 57% p.a.
    Brookstreet Resort and the Marshes Golf Club (An Example
    of Trading Behaviour and Bootstrap Capital)

   Bruce’s IRR?
   Infinite
   Sell for $1.1 million 18 months later
   Why wld investors loan Bruce the $$$ to co-invest?
   Asymmetric information + operational and sales experience

    (Use IRR to calculate yr real returns: Cap rates are simply a ‘rule
    of thumb’.
    www.dramatispersonae.org/IRR/IRRPowerOf
    LeverageGoalSetting.htm)
    Stittsville Bungalow (An Example of Asymmetric
    Information)

   REALTOR puts Seller and Buyer clients together
   Not on MLS
   Seller wants to sell with 0 showings
   Seller wants to sell/lease back so his elderly parents-in-law can
    remain in situ for up to 3 yrs
   Sale is ‘handicapped ‘ as a result
   Buyer is investor with limited budget
   Buyer requires co-investors to complete
   Co-investors want in on project because: purchase of home for
    $40k < FMV, 3 yr leaseback at rent > FMV, Tenant pays all
    utilities, stable/predictable cashflow, paydown of mortgage by
    Tenant, increase in value over time, bungalows in increasing
    demand
    Stittsville Bungalow (An Example of Asymmetric
    Information)

   2 x Dentists co-invest
   They have money but no time
   Managing partner has time but no money
   Managing partner brings connections with REALTOR, property
    management skills, the opportunity to buy below market and to
    rent above market
   Investor ROE: 6% cash-on-cash + 7% pay down of mortgage by
    Tenant + 1.5% r.e. inflation (~4.5% on equity) + $40k from below
    mkt purchase
   Much better return that GICs (3.15% to 3.85%)
   Managing partner gets 20% of the deal for ‘nothing’
Robertson Mews

   Bought 11 acres for $55k per acre
   Purchased adjacent 1.7 acres for $225k
   Bought 1.2 acres for $35k from Ontario
   Put in sewers and water mains and services
    for $850,000
   Sold lands for singles, condos, towns and
    high rise retirement home
Robertson Mews

   Traded off four Barry Hobin towns
   ‘Calling card’ for Robertson Mews
Robertson Mews
Spreadsheet: http://learnbydoing.ca/robertson-mews.xls



                  Sep-12   Robertson Mews




Parcel A                            11   acres             $65,000    per acre    $715,000


Parcel B                           1.7   acres       $161,764.71      per acre    $275,000


Parcel C                           1.2   acres           $29,166.67   per acre     $35,000


Total                             13.9   acres           $73,741.01   per acre   $1,025,000
Robertson Mews

Planning and Legal Costs                     $125,000



Servicing Costs                              $850,000



Misc                                          $85,000



Total                                       $1,060,000




Sub-Total                                   $2,085,000



Financing                  9%   2   years    $375,300



Grand Total                                 $2,460,300
Robertson Mews


Serviced Land Sales   13.9   acres   $315,000   per acre   $4,378,500




Gross Profit                                               $1,918,200
Robertson Mews

Project IRR




                 0   ($1,025,000)



                 1   ($1,060,000)

                 2    $1,751,400           40%

                 3    $2,627,100           60%




IRR                        42.6%    p.a.




Target                     100%     p.a.
Brought to you by:
    Thurston Drive/Auriga Drive Industrial Condos (An Example
    of Build and Hold + Differentiated Value)

   Too many investors chasing ‘shopping plazas’ or ‘res duplexes,
    triplexes, quads’
   Buy product that others overlook/avoid the behemoths like
    Banks/Pen Funds/Insurance Cos et al
   Can purchase industrial condos in Ottawa from $165k to $350k+
   Create some DV (Differentiated Value): e.g., add a mezzanine
    with separate entrance
   Can rent upper level separately from ground floor or both together
    Thurston Drive/Auriga Drive Industrial Condos (An Example
    of Build and Hold + Differentiated Value)

   Compare industrial condos with residential rentals:

INDUSTRIAL                              RESIDENTIAL
5 yr leases (typ)                       1 yr lease (typ)
net/net/net leases                      gross or semi gross
little investor competition             everyone wants in
low vacancy rates                       low vacancy rates
not too management intensive            medium amt of mgt requ’d
few debt collection problems            many debt collection probs
no RTA– simple distrain                 RTA– evictions difficult
normal wear and tear                    mega damage possible
Tenants self reliant                    Tenants needy
    Thurston Drive/Auriga Drive Industrial Condos (An Example
    of Build and Hold + Differentiated Value)

   Investors inevitably ‘chicken out’ due to unfamiliarity with product
    category
   Only want to buy when 1st class tenants are in place on long term
    leases and with 0 risk
   But remember: buy whenever everyone else is selling and sell
    whenever everyone else is buying/you make money in r.e. when
    you buy not when you sell
   Units become available because they are vacant– great
    opportunity for you!
   Buy in a recession– great fortunes are made in recessions

    (Baron Rothschild in 1871): “Buy (real estate) when
    there’s blood in the streets.”
Hawthorne Spreadsheet:
http://learnbydoing.ca/investment-break-down-lease-20-aug-2012-res-vs-industrial-2.xlsx

Hawthorne Industrial Condo's




Purchase Price                   $ 240,000.00


Down Payment                     $ 60,000.00                      25.00%


Legal Fees                       $    850.00


Land Transfer Tax                $   2,400.00                      1.00%


Closing Costs                    $   3,600.00                      1.50%


Total Costs on Closing           $ 66,850.00
Hawthorne Spreadsheet


Mortgage        $ 180,000.00




Interest Rate                  5.00%    p.a.




Amortization                      25    years




Payment                   ($1,052.26)
Hawthorne Spreadsheet



Rental Rate   $    12.00           /SF




Size                        1250   SF




Total Rent    $ 15,000.00
Hawthorne Spreadsheet

Estimated Operating Costs


Condo Fees                  $      1.50


Operating Costs             $      4.00


Total                       $      5.50

Administration Fee          $      0.83    15%

Property Management Fee     $      0.72    6%


Total Fees                  $      1.55




Total Yearly Fees           $   1,931.25
Hawthorne Spreadsheet

Total Mortgage      $ (12,627.14)   /annum




Vacancy Allowance   $    (900.00)            6.00%




Cash Flow           $   3,404.11    /annum
Hawthorne Spreadsheet

Mortgage Paydown (5years)   $ 20,555.66

Real Estate Inflation       $ 31,537.97    2.50%   p.a.


Equity                      $ 60,000.00


Cash Flow                   $   3,404.11


Sub-Total                   $ 115,497.74


Commissions                 $ 14,934.59    5.50%


Closing Costs               $   4,073.07   1.50%


Total On Sale (5years)      $ 96,490.08
Hawthorne Spreadsheet

IRR                                      `


            0   $ (66,850.00)


            1   $   3,404.11             $   3,404.11


            2   $   3,404.11             $   6,808.21


            3   $   3,404.11             $ 10,212.32


            4   $   3,404.11             $ 13,616.42


            5   $ 96,490.08              $ 110,106.50


IRR                             11.35%
    Maple Leaf Design and Construction (An Example of
    Bootstrapping)

   Bootstrapped their way to success
   Source of capital (essentially supplier credit)
   Friendly landowner provides options on land, basically at no cost
   Owner gets paid by home buyer not Maple Leaf
Self Capitalize

-why?
-VC-funding is hard to get and takes a lot of time
-also, you may end up losing control of your business
-VC funded biz are just large biz w/ 0 revenues
-power comes from having real clients/real cashflow
-if you do go for financing and you do it at the mezzanine stage,
    you’ll have more leverage
-Maple Leaf Design and Construction
Brain Saumure, B. Arch (CU and SOA)
Fred Carmosino, B. Com (Sprott)
-No serfdom for Brian: wanted to be his own boss
because he could create more interesting work for
himself than others could create for him
-Started with $0
    Maple Leaf Design and Construction

   Option on lots
   Sweat equity: summer in a trailer with plans, signs and
    Agreements of Purchase and Sale
   Pre-sell
   Collected deposits
   Now have $$$ in their bank account– impressed with a trust
   Used homeowners credit scores to get construction financing
What is cheaper? Debt or Equity?

Debt.

What is cheaper than debt?

Bootstrap Capital (e.g.: Trade Credit,
Deposits,…)

They’re FREE!
Reverse out the work

-the Internet is the most important new invention of the last 50 years
-it is where electrification was at same stage, 20 yrs in
-create custom outputs from standard inputs (e.g. new age virtual home
     builder)
-reverse out the work to customers and suppliers
-match making
-mass communicate at ~ no cost (Twitter, FB, blog, Skype, email, IM,
     messaging,…)
-Crowd sourcing (voting on designs)
-user generated content by customers (and suppliers) e.g.: YouTube,
     Twitter, FB, Reddit, Digg & Threadless (suppliers: artist community
     submit t-shirt designs voted on by customers)
Virtual home builder:
-tried in 2000 to get home builders to do this
-very conservative industry
-put lots available and designs online in a
   physics engine together w/ all
   options/finishes
-allow everyone to use physics engine
-go online: choose lot, design, fit-up, finishes
   (carpet, tile, kitchen cabinets, lighting
   package, plumbing fixtures, etc.)
-put cash register online too
-consumer can see what granite or concrete
   counter tops add to cost
-can fool around for 30+ hours
-then hit “submit” button
Homebuilders fear putting prices online – their
 competitors might find out!
    Ever heard of “Secret Shoppers?”

-Put CPM (schedules) online: let customers see
  where their home is at and let suppliers see
  too when they’re needed for Footing and
  Foundation, framing, roofing, windows,
  electrical, plumbing, insulation, dry wall,
  paint, carpet, cabinets,…
-As more options are available, more users will visit the site, as
   more users visit the site, more suppliers come onboard and you
   have a virtuous cycle




-Now “Best Homes 4 U” is enjoying network effects
-Suddenly, the flow of cash could reverse direction w/ suppliers
   becoming advertisers and sponsors
More about Best Homes 4 U:
-Allow lawyers access for e-closings
-Allow lenders access for e-funding
-Now if your WS attracts 10,000s of visitors,
  you can get your suppliers and your
  suppliers’ suppliers to pay for ads so more
  people will buy higher-end products
  (chandeliers, beveled mirrors, granite,
  counter tops, home theatre,…)
-more options => more people => more options
  => more people…
-In a virtuous, self-reinforcing cycle (Google is
   also an example of Network Effects)
-30+ hours in Design Centre with clients can
   become just 60 minutes
-Imagine the productivity increase for
   homebuilder sales staff, lawyers, mortgage
   lenders, the GC, the foreman (Worst
   problem? Homebuyer questions about when
   this or that happens..), suppliers, trades,
   subs, …
Also, customer satisfaction increases since:

a)   they get EXACTLY what they want,

b)   they feel they had a hand-in its creation
     (like Aunt Jemima Pancake Mix: just add
     eggs and milk).
   The folks who bring you this pancake mix
    famously had an erroneous insight years ago—
    they thought that by adding powdered eggs and
    milk to their mix and eliminating the instructions
    “Just add eggs and milk”, they could save the busy
    consumer time and sell more product
   It turned out that homemakers liked adding ‘real’
    eggs and milk: first, they thought it was healthier
    that powdered eggs and milk and, second, they
    wanted to be involved in ‘making’ their kids’
    breakfasts
   For most kids, you are what you do for them
   By taking this away, sales went down not up
   Best Homes 4 U, by involving the consumer in the
    design of their own home are catering to a deep
    seated need in humans to ‘buy-in’
   This is a powerful lesson for tech—giving
    consumers the power to customize products and
    services is big business. For example, Dell is
    currently using Threadless.com’s platform to allow
    artists to submit and prospective customers to
    select winning designs for laptop covers
Triole Street (An Example of BUY LOW/SELL HIGH)




   Streetscape is a mess
   Crappy tenants/crappy building
    stock
   But… baseball home run
    distance from St. Laurent
    Shopping Centre
   Visibility from Queensway
   Bought 9 acres at $1 per s.f.
   One yr later– offer for 50 cents!
   “Oh, oh, I made a mistake!”
   OJ reminds me: “BUY
    LOW/SELL HIGH”
   Why so hard to do?
Triole Street (An Example of BUY LOW/SELL HIGH)


   People can be sheep
   “Is this dress/suit popular/in-style?”
   Banks only lend when u don’t need the funds– i.e., they only lend to people
    who don’t need the money!
   Banks lend when everyone else is lending and when the press is good
   The reverse is also true
   Investors invest when everyone else does and when the press is good
   The reverse is also true

    Pittsburgh investor buys 300 homes in 2008 for $350 each; everyone tells him he’s
    crazy. Now makes his original investment back every 3 weeks.

    Three victims of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks meet in a stairwell & head down. Then
    they run into another larger group who are heading up to await ‘helicopter rescue’. 2
    join up because everyone else is going up. 1 defies conventional wisdom & goes
    down thru the smoke and heat because he figured it out (wld take 2 days (!) to
    evacuate everybody by helicopter) and he didn’t panic. He was the only 1 to survive.
    He made it out w/ < 5 mins to spare.
Triole Street (An Example of BUY LOW/SELL HIGH)

   Two years later sold 4 acres to Car Dealership for $8 per sq. ft.
   And 5 acres to Roofing Company for $12 per sq. ft.
Mont Cascade and Pro Slide

   Rick Hunter, former Canadian Ski Team
    Member
   Retires after injury
   Buys a ski hill
   Mostly on credit and a bit of savings
   Loses an atrocious amount year 1
   Sitting on the hill in Spring of that year– what
    to do?
Mont Cascade and Pro Slide

   Family to support
   Debt to repay
   Bankruptcy facing him
   Looks at hill/looks at lake/looks at hill again
   Eureka!
Mont Cascade and Pro Slide

   Buy two straight plastic tubes from
    manufacturer in Rigaud, Québec on (yet
    more) credit
   Buys a couple of pumps on (still more) credit
   One shack for women’s change room/another
    for men’s
   Reuse parking and food services and toilets
    from ski hill
   30,000 people show up that summer and give
    Rick $13 to use his waterslides
Mont Cascade and Pro Slide

   Saved!
   Asks Rigaud manufacturer: “How about a
    tube with a bend in it?”
   “No we don’t do that.”
   “Why not?”
   “We do it that way because that’s the way it’s
    always been done.”
   Rick hires first engineer to design a
    waterslide with a curve in it
   Non trivial problem of g-force calculations
Mont Cascade and Pro Slide

   One day a Disney
    executive hears about
    this
   Rick gets the contract
    for Splash Mountain
   Pro Slide is born
   World leader in custom
    design, engineering
    and manufacturing of
    fiberglass water rides
    Wilderness Tours and Mount
    Pakenham
   Joe Kowalski from Philly falls in love with
    Algonquin Park
   Decides to be an outfitter– taking visitors on
    canoe trips
   First summer is a disaster– turns out no one
    wants a guide
   But he learns that there are force 4 rapids on
    the Ottawa River that no one had traversed in
    over
    a century
Wilderness Tours and Mount
Pakenham
   Joe and his pal Robbie Rosenberger scout
    out the territory
   Joe sees BIG OPPORTUNITY
   Less than 90 minutes away is a market of
    800,000 outdoorsy people with lots of
    disposable income
   Next Spring, he and Robbie ask a farmer for
    permission to set in to the river on his
    property
   They launch Wilderness Tours with two rafts–
    Robbie in one and Joe in the other
Wilderness Tours and Mount
Pakenham
   100s then 1,000s of people show up
   Problem– while the rapids are terrific, the ride
    is short
   Joe embraces programming: swimming the
    rapids/one channel for adventurous
    paddlers/another for families who want to
    bring kids/bungee jumping/kayaking/
    mountain biking/rock climbing/volleyball/
    horseshoes/paddle tennis/basketball/
    soccer/ball hockey/lawn chess/softball
   Joe starts to buy land
   Joe starts to build a town
Wilderness Tours and Mount
Pakenham
   4,000+ acres owned
    by WT
   Both sides of River
    (Québec and
    Ontario)
   No development
    permitted (other
    than WT)
   Problem– how to
    keep good staff in
    seasonal biz?
Wilderness Tours and Mount
Pakenham
   Buy Mount Pakenham– winter time staff
    reallocation
   Another problem– smallest vertical anywhere
    in the region
   Turn Mount Pakenham into largest ski school
    anywhere– safety becomes their competitive
    advantage
   Schools show up what ever the weather
   More programming?
   Add snow board park
   Add tubing for non-skiers/boarders
Wilderness Tours and Mount
Pakenham
   Further expansions– jet boat business in
    Lachine and Niagara Falls
   Another problem– smallest vertical anywhere
    in the region
   Turn Mount Pakenham into largest ski school
    anywhere– safety becomes their competitive
    advantage
   Schools show up what ever the weather
   More programming—snow board park/tubing
    for non-skiers/boarders
   Now selling fractional ownership for
    Presqu’ile
Wilderness Tours and Mount
Pakenham– Lessons Learned?
   Entrepreneurs would rather ask for
    forgiveness than beg for permission
   Start with nothing/bootstrap your way to
    success/make a profit/cash is King
   See and seize opportunities where others fail
    to go
   Outcompete your competitors
   Be innovative and creative
   Turn problems into opportunities– your
    biggest weakness becomes your greatest
    strength
Villager Home Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)
Villager Home Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)
Villager Home Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)
    Villager Home Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   Santa Cruz, California, circa 1969
   Big house/little house—1011 and ½ Seabright Avenue (Bruce and
    his girlfriend)
   “Old” Lady—wants company, security + the little house provides
    her with extra income
   Carry plans with me for 25+ yrs
   Steve Silver et al lobby Ottawa to legalize in-home suites
   Mayor Chiarelli does this (< he loses election)
   Legal everywhere in Ottawa (except for Rockcliffe Park!)
   Fast solution to homeless problem/affordable housing/keeping
    seniors in neighborhood instead of in vertical warehouses
   Extra income for homeowner
    Villager Home Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   CMHC provides up to $25k for conversions (forgivable loan)
   Bring gray market apartments up to bldg code.
   Fire separated/sound separated and smell separated units
   Flexible housing stock: 2 families, 1 family with extended family,
    kids returning with kids, student housing, elder housing, 1 single
    family home
   Add one door (or remove it) to make these changes
   Half level down/half level up (like Scotiabank Place!)
    Villager Home Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   Tax advantages: interest on mortgage for rental portion now tax
    deductible
   Principal residence still not subject to capital gains tax provided
    renovations are within existing building envelope
   Forced savings from paying off mortgage
   People with less capital can afford a home
   Live in your own home for less than $600 per month
   Renters pay part of your mortgage for you—wealth effect
   All increase in value goes to equity holder
    Villager Home Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   ABSOLUTE FAILURE!
   People don’t want to be Landlords
   People can afford (or think they can afford) more housing on their
    own*
   Low interest rate environment– means why should people hassle
    w/ Tenants
   Construction risk—cost overruns and delays are killers
   YOU ARE NOT THE MARKET!
   THE MARKET IS RIGHT EVEN WHEN IT’S WRONG!

    (* Imagine the average home price in Vancouver is now > $1 million.
    Now imagine being able to ‘rent’ $1 million from a Bank on a variable
    rate mortgage for, say, 2.15% p.a. or just $1,791.67 per month!)
Blue Heron Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)
    Blue Heron Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   CO and CC biz—overrun by large scale players
   Their cost of capital: less than 1.5% (Banks, Pen Funds,
    Insurance Cos, REITS, Publicly traded r.e. firms)
   Our COC: 8 to 12%
   That’s like competing in the 100 metre dash but giving up a lead
    of 80 metres at the start line!
   Go under the market (and over the market– Ottawa Sens + SBP)
   Mini-offices (Terrace Corporate Centres & Exploriem.org) + mini-
    storage
    Blue Heron Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   15 acres of industrial land in Kanata North
   Cost to construct sheds: $35 per s.f.
   Rents are $12 per s.f. per year gross +/-
   Not too management intensive
   Lots of competition
   Our competitive advantage—built a duplex on site where
    Manager lives + month-to-month leases
   Retired person
   Provides security/leases units
   Free rent and other benefits
    Blue Heron Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   Kanata wanted BHSC to fence and gate with razor wire entire site
   Part of Village
   We never fenced it but did put in a gate
   Gate never closed!
   Zero vandalism/theft (so far!)
    Blue Heron Corporation (An Example of Build and Hold)

   92% to 96% occupancy (can never actually get to 100%)
   Bought lands for $92,500
   Rezoned
   ‘Old fashioned’ rural development: mom/dad/family in front with
    the factory/warehouse/workshop/farm/barns/storage in back
   Sold for $1.1 million
    Presidential Executive Travel Apartments (An Example of
    Build and Hold)

   16 condos—Holland Cross and Robertson Mews
   Ground floor access
   Lockboxes—self admittance at all hours
   Furnished units
   Telephone, cable, basic kitchen foodstuffs, etc ready to go
   Cleaning service—extra charge/profit centre
   Apartment rents: $1,200 monthly (1990s)
   PETA rents $3,000 monthly (1990s)
   Used for Sens players/trades
    Presidential Executive Travel Apartments (An Example of
    Build and Hold)

   Not too management intensive
   High quality tenants—paid by tech cos/few problems with
    collections
   Limited competition
   Developed long term relationships with HR managers at local
    firms
   Simple exit strategy– MLS.ca
   Leases were 30 days to 90 days—more sales required than
    typical one year res leases
   No significant damage to units
Ottawa Senators (An Example of Bootstrap Finance)




   Terrace gets $18 per s.f. for its
    office space/five years later it’s
    $6
   What to do?
   What does Toronto have that
    Ottawa doesn’t have?
   A zoo/Princess of Wales
    Theatre/ Wonderland/NHL Team
   Conversation w/ Cyril Leeder
    and Randy Sexton
   Bring Back the Senators
    Ottawa Senators (An Example of Bootstrap Finance)

   Cyril asks how much will it cost?
   $35 million (est. based on NBA)
   Actual NHL ask?
   $50 million USD
   Randy says let’s go for it
   Cyril asks how will we pay for it?
   Bootstrap capital, that’s how
    Ottawa Senators (An Example of Bootstrap Finance)

   Buy 600 acres at $12,500 per acre
   Put a NHL team and NHL-calibre building in the middle of it
   Drive up the value of the land to $112,500 per acre
   Keep 100 acres for Scotiabank Place and parking lot
   Sell extra 500 acres for a profit of $100k per acre or $50 million!
   NHL franchise cost = ZERO!
    Ottawa Senators (An Example of Bootstrap Finance)

   Also get 32 Original Corporate Sponsors at $15k each
   And 500 Corporate Sponsors at $500 each
   Sell 15,000 PRNs at $25 each
   Raise $1,105,000 to help with bid
   As Al Davis once said: “Just win, baby.”

    If u want a short, pleasant annual meeting w/ yr Bank, make a
    profit every year, no excuses.
Terrace Investments Ltd
 St. Laurent Blvd and the Queensway

 Bank Street and the Queensway

 Moodie Drive and the Queensway

 Eagleson Road and the Queensway

 Palladium Drive and the Queensway

 March Road and the Queensway



 Is there a pattern here?
    Conclusion Part 1

   When something isn’t working, do something new
   Learn from your competitors
   Commitment is important: “YOU’LL NEVER, EVER GET A
    FRANCHISE IN … OTTAWA”
   You can bootstrap big projects
   Even Fortune 50 companies do that (Disney and the Anaheim
    Ducks 4 example)
   Sponsorship can apply to many industries and is a form of
    Bootstrap Capital
   Keep your core competencies in house– outsource the rest
   If you are profitable, you will get financing not the other way round
   Entrepreneurs make their own rules
    Conclusion Part 2

   Entrepreneurship takes guts
   Sweat equity is important
   Creativity and innovation are key
   Sometimes you need to trade to get ‘table stakes’
   Avoid competing directly with behemoths
   Try to add some differentiated value to your PB4L
   Be trustworthy
   Surround yourself with a competent, trusted team–
    REALTOR/MORTGAGE BROKER/LAWYER/MENTOR/ETC.
   The harder u work, the luckier u get
   Let 100 opportunities go by but when the right one comes along,
    strike!
   MAKE A PROFIT!