Chm Unit2 Atomic Theory and Structure

							Subject:Chemistry                                                             Time frame Needed for Completion: 5 Days
Grade Level: 10
Unit Title: Atomic Theory and Structure                                       Grading Period: 1st 9wks
New 2009 objectives in red
Big Idea/Theme: Analyze the historical development of current atomic theory and the nature of atomic structure.
Understandings: Students will be able to

                                                                Atomic Theory

      Describe the composition of the atom and the experiments that led to that knowledge
      Describe how Rutherford predicted the nucleus
      Understand the inverse relationship between wavelength and frequency, and the direct relationship between energy and frequency
      Analyze diagrams related to the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom in terms of allowed, discrete energy levels in the emission spectrum
      Describe the electron cloud of the atom in terms of a probability model

                                                                Atomic Structure
      Characterize the protons, neutrons, electrons: location, relative charge, relative mass (p=1, n=1, e=1/2000).
      Use symbols: A= mass number, Z=atomic number
      Use notation for writing isotope symbols: 235 U or U-235
                                                  92
      Identify isotope using mass number and atomic number and relate to number of protons, neutrons and electrons
      Have a conceptual awareness of the nature of average atomic mass. (Relative abundance of each isotope determines the average- no
       calculations)
      Calculate half-life.
      Use symbols for and distinguish between alpha, beta and gamma radiation include relative mass
      Compare penetrating ability of alpha, beta, and gamma
      Fission and fussion


Essential Questions:                                                       Curriculum Goals/Objectives (to be assessed at the end of the
1. Why do scientists use models in chemistry?                             unit/quarter)
2. How would you describe Rutherford’s experiment?                        Chm.1.1.1 Analyze the structure of atoms, isotopes, and
3. How would you describe the contributions made by                       ions.
    scientists to develop the atomic theory?                              Characterize protons, neutrons, electrons by location, relative charge,
4. How do the early models of the atom lead to the current                relative mass (p=1, n=1, e=1/2000).
    atomic theory?                                                        • Use symbols: A= mass number, Z=atomic number
5. How would you describe subatomic particles?                            • Use notation for writing isotope symbols:or U-235
6. What is the relationship between an isotope and the mass               • Identify isotope using mass number and atomic number and relate to
    of an atom?                                                           number of protons, neutrons and electrons.
7. What do you need to know to calculate the average atomic               • Differentiate average atomic mass of an element from the actual
mass of an electron.                                                  isotopic mass and mass number of specific isotopes. (Use example
                                                                      calculations to determine average atomic mass of atoms from relative
                                                                      abundance and actual isotopic mass to develop understanding).

                                                                      Chm.1.1.2 Analyze an atom in terms of the location of
                                                                      electrons.
                                                                      • Analyze diagrams related to the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom in
                                                                      terms of allowed, discrete energy levels in the emission spectrum.
                                                                      • Describe the electron cloud of the atom in terms of a probability model.
                                                                      • Relate the electron configurations of atoms to the Bohr and electron
                                                                      cloud models.

                                                                      Chm.1.1.4 Explain the process of radioactive decay using nuclear
                                                                      equations and half-life.
                                                                      • Use the symbols for and distinguish between alpha ( 24He), and beta ( -
                                                                      10e) nuclear particles, and gamma (γ) radiation include relative mass).
                                                                      • Use shorthand notation of particles involved in nuclear equations to
                                                                      balance and solve for unknowns.
                                                                      • Compare the penetrating ability of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
                                                                      • Conceptually describe nuclear decay, including: 1. Decay as a random
                                                                      event, independent of other energy influences
                                                                      2. Using symbols to represent simple balanced decay equations
                                                                      3. Half-life (including simple calculations)
                                                                      • Compare radioactive decay with fission and fusion.

   Essential Skills/Vocabulary:
   Protons, neutrons, electrons                                      Assessment Tasks:
   Quantum mechanical model                                          (http://www.ncpublicschools.org/docs/curriculum/science/units/hig
   Analyze (calculate) average atomic mass from relative abundance   h/chemistry/unit2.doc)
    and actual isotopic mass
                                                                         1.   major test, quizzes, homework
                                                                         2.   Black Box activity
                                                                         3.   What is an Atom? worksheet
                                                                         4.   Isotope Activity
                                                                         5.   Candium Activity
Materials Required: (http://www.ncpublicschools.org/docs/curriculum/science/units/high/chemistry/unit2.doc)


 Black Box                                  small, rectangular black boxes
                                            marbles (magnetic, if available) or steel
                                            balls
                                            magnets (if available)
 Atomic Theory Timeline                     Continuous feed computer paper (or copy
                                            paper and tape)
                                            markers
                                            colored pencils
                                            glue
                                            pictures of scientists where available

 Candium Lab (honors activity)              Balances
                                            Reeses pieces
                                            M & M’s
                                            Skittles




                           21st Century Skills                 Activity
                           Communication Skills
                   Conveying thought or opinions                  Black Box
                   effectively                                    Isotope Problems
                                                                  What is an Atom?
                                                                  Candium Lab
                   When presenting information,
                   distinguishing between relevant and
                   irrelevant information
                   Explaining a concept to others                 Black Box
                                                                  Atomic Theory KWL
                                                                  Isotope Problems
                                                                  What is an Atom?
                                          Candium Lab
Interviewing others or being
interviewed
         Computer Knowledge
Using word-processing and database
programs
Developing visual aides for
presentations
Using a computer for communication
Learning new software programs            SAS Activities
          Employability Skills
Assuming responsibility for own           Black Box
learning                                  What is an Atom?
Persisting until job is completed         All activities
Working independently                     Isotope Problems
Developing career interest/goals
Responding to criticism or questions
     Information-retrieval Skills
Searching for information via the         Atomic Theory Time-line
computer
Searching for print information
Searching for information using
community members
      Language Skills - Reading
Following written directions              Most of the activities can be
                                           presented as opportunities for
                                           students to follow written
                                           directions. The teacher will
                                           have to work with most
                                           students to develop this skill
                                           over time. The following
                                           activities are well suited to
                                           developing skills in following
                                           directions:
                                          Black Box
                                          Atomic Theory KWL
                                          Isotope Problems
                                          What is an Atom?
                                           Candium Lab
Identifying cause and effect               Black Box
relationships
Summarizing main points after reading      Atomic Theory KWL
Locating and choosing appropriate          Atomic Theory Time-line
reference materials
Reading for personal learning
       Language Skill - Writing
Using language accurately
Organizing and relating ideas when         Black Box
writing                                    Candium
Proofing and Editing                       All activities
Synthesizing information from several
sources