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November 2006 So, you think you know it all? QUIZ PAGE 11 ������� ����� The Schlumberger Campus Magazine LOOKING FUTURE Oil & Gas The Technology Factor PAGE 14 AT THE Global Citizenship Making an Impact PAGE 22 VIEWPOINT Are you ready for a career in a uniquely dynamic environment with as much early responsibility as you can handle? If so, you’ve come to the right place. Schlumberger is the world’s number one oilfield services company. We are the acknowledged pioneer within an industry where innovation and ingenuity are at the highest premium as energy providers strive to guarantee future energy supply—for your generation and the next, and in a sustainable manner. For bright, ambitious graduate engineers, the opportunities have never been more exciting. What can you expect from a career at Schlumberger? In a word, challenge. Right from the start, you’ll fi nd yourself working in a fast-paced, intellectually rigorous environment where the emphasis is on pushing back the boundaries of the possible—both in terms of the cutting-edge technology we develop for our clients and in terms of your own potential. Training is fi rst class and you’ll rapidly be exposed to all aspects of our own and our clients’ businesses in order to develop your own skills and make a real contribution to our business. With an 80-year history of innovation, Schlumberger retains a keenly entrepreneurial spirit with all the openness to change that implies. It’s also an extremely international culture with extensive opportunities for travel worldwide. You could find yourself working on a client project in Sakhalin one week, on the west coast of Africa on a completely different brief the next. We recognize that’s not the type of challenge everyone would relish—but then we are looking to recruit an exceptional kind of person. We’re looking only for the best, because the demands of our business require nothing less. If you have the drive, skills and spirit of adventure we need, you’ll be rewarded by one of the most stimulating careers available today. Yves Morel Innovation Manager Europe and Africa University Relations Schlumberger is the leading oilfield services provider, trusted to deliver superior results and improved exploration and production performance for oil and gas companies around the world. The company employs more than 66,000 people of over 140 nationalities working in more than 80 countries. We place high value on the quality of our behavior as an employer, a supplier, a client and as members of the communities in which we live and work. Schlumberger is an Equal Opportunity Employer. www.slb.com/careers INSIDE EYE ON TECHNOLOGY 11 QUIZ SO, YOU THINK YOU KNOW IT ALL? Test your knowledge of the oil and gas industry. 4 LOOKING AT THE FUTURE Today, 4,500 dedicated Schlumberger scientists and engineers all over the world are busy developing new technologies that are likely to take us several steps into the future of energy. Here are four examples of ground-breaking technologies. 14 EXPERT OPINION OIL & GAS: THE TECHNOLOGY FACTOR Tom O’Gallagher, Schlumberger Technical Advisor, tells it like it is. 2 FACTS TO FIGURE Briefs from around the engineering world 12 PROFILE Eric Ayache, a Schlumberger Training Center Manager, talks about what it’s like when work is an adventure 18 REALTALK Five Schlumberger employees speak about their experiences 20 CAREERS Find answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about working at Schlumberger 22 GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP Business and sustainability practices at Schlumberger 24 INTERVIEW Hanspeter Rohner explains how CO2 capture and storage could significantly reduce carbon emissions 26 GENDER DIVERSITY Why women would rather work at Schlumberger Executive Editor: Teoman Altinkopru Editor: Ariane Labadens Managing Editor: Jonathan Romano Design & Production: Ad Nova - www.ad-nova.com Photos: Schlumberger Illustrations: Pascale Testanière and Getty Images Contact: CampusMagContact@slb.com, Special thanks to Annika Joelsson, Yves Morel, Richard Bancel and everyone else who contributed to the magazine. Copyright © 2006 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. 1 FACTSTOFIGURE THE FIRST ELECTRICAL LOG IS 80 YEARS OLD! On September 5, 1927, a Schlumberger crew ran the first electrical log. Conrad and Marcel Schlumberger proved that their method could obtain more detailed information on the strata traversed by exploratory boreholes. Point-bypoint measurement provided the characteristic resistivity patterns that gave a clear picture of the geological formations of the area. This knowledge, easily gained, could eliminate much expensive mechanical coring. The “electric log” process ensured the success of the Schlumberger company and revolutionized the oil industry! Since then, Schlumberger has continued its developments, and we now offer a complete range of oilfield services. WATER, WATER EVERYWHERE Take note of these facts about the world’s freshwater resources. You’ll understand why Schlumberger Water Ser vices is in business, and you may even start cutting a minute off your morning shower. -�� 7% of the world’s fresh water available for humans 9 exists as groundwater. -�� resh water represents only 0.025% of the world’s F water resources. -�� aily per capita use of water in residential areas equals D 350 liters in North America and Japan, 200 liters in Europe and 10 to 20 liters in sub-Saharan Africa. -�� 0% of the world’s food is produced through the use 1 of non-renewable water resources. -�� 100 billion: The estimated increase in annual $ investment in water resources between 1995 and 2025. 2 Kannan Venkataraman is an IT & Computer Systems & Services Manager and has been a problem solver at Schlumberger since 1996. With one of the world’s biggest computers and enough mathematical brain power to make Einstein’s eyes pop, these people turn hieroglyphic seismic data into expressive pictures of the Earth’s surreptitious subsurface. Who are they? The more than 400 IT experts who run the Houston Data Processing center, which is among the most powerful on Earth in terms of computational speed and storage capacity. And it’s just one of 39 Schlumberger data processing centers around the world. The Problem Solvers Running Numbers 1.5 Trillion Barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) have been produced in more than 100 years of oil and gas exploitation. This is also the BOE needed in the next 25 years. (International Energy Agency Resources to Reserves, 2005) 10 Trillion BOE of conventional oil and gas are in place worldwide. This is also the BOE of non-conventional oil and gas in place worldwide. (International Energy Agency Resources to Reserves, 2005) DID YOU KNOW? A SURPRISING COMPARISON $51.55 Based on the average price per liter in the USA, gasoline is a much better deal than other consumables. The oil and gas industr y has a wider range of technologies and a bigger future than you may imagine. In fact, the industr y: -�� ses more computer power than any other industr y U except entertainment. -�� roduces more than 75% of the new energy options P for our future, including solar energy, fuel cells, wind-generated energy and hydrogen technology. $8 -�� esigns and manufactures tooling systems D for the space shuttle program. -�� ollects large amounts of met-ocean and atmospheric C $3.14 $1.41 $1.15 $0.57 $0 data that is instrumental in building new understanding of hurricanes. -�� ffers the most practical solution to carbon dioxide O (CO2) build-up in the atmosphere. It can be separated and re-injected into the earth in a process known as CO2 capture and storage. -�� as only recovered an average of one third of the oil H in existing wells. 3 EONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEY LOOKINGATTHE LOOKINGATTHEFUTURE THEFUTURE he oilfield services industry is one of the world’s most dynamic because it has to be. If it is to help stem the inevitable decline of the world’s known hydrocarbon reserves as well as locate and access new reserves, then it must evolve continuously. It must innovate, discovering new, increasingly refi ned and ingenious technologies to speed up the production of energy—the world’s primary engine for economic growth and social development. Schlumberger has become the world’s leading oilfield services company through constant technology innovation and thought leadership— a position it has maintained since Conrad and Marcel Schlumberger established the company in 1927. T TECHNOLOGY LEADS THE WAY Today, 4,500 dedicated Schlumberger scientists and engineers all over the world are busy developing new technologies that are likely to take us several steps into the future of energy. Here are four examples of groundbreaking technologies. -��s reser voir visualization a game? No, but high-tech electronic I games are providing some amazing inspiration for how to better look inside today’s increasingly remote oil reser voirs. - Top-level operations experts can’t be on hand at ever y remote oilfield around the world, or can they? Thanks to Remote Intouch, a new remote well diagnostics system, oilfield expertise could now be deployed wherever it’s needed. -�� eing able to drill in any direction is one thing, but tripling the B speed at which it’s done is quite another. Still, new Schlumberger directional drilling technology is doing just that—and saving customers millions of dollars daily. -��f you’ve been thinking that cement is just cement, think again. I New Schlumberger CemCRETE* cementing technology is 57 times lighter, 44 times less permeable and 200 times stronger than conventional downhole cements. Here’s how we did it. * Denotes a Schlumberger brand 4 YEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYE 5 EONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEY 1 THEVISUALIZATIONGAME Game technology in reservoir visualization? Seriously? Certainly. eeing is believing. One key component of finding and producing oil and gas is an accurate highresolution 3D model of the subsurface and the capability to visualize it in an efficient way. As the global hunt steps up for hydrocarbon reserves in increasingly isolated spots, high-tech game technology is proving an unlikely source of inspiration in the industry’s voyage of discovery. Gordon Freeman1 would enjoy the challenge. The Game Technology innovation project looked at a range of ways in which the techniques perfected by the entertainment sector could be adapted to improve the visualization process in oilfield services. It’s not difficult, for example, to see how WASD game navigation 2 could be applied. The technology would make it easy to ‘move’ from place to place underground, enabling the user to explore more geological data in less time and so speed up the decision-making process. Think also what speech recognition or head tracking can contribute. By operating software in a hands-free way, field engineers could dramatically improve their productivity, working with mechanical machinery and software at the same time. Then there’s the potential of 3D glasses which, by giving the proper stereoscopic S The Key Ingredients - WASD GAME NAVIGATION2 perspective, would make it easier to see the relationship between subsurface structures and to judge distances and relative size. That would give a far more accurate presentation of the data on which key commercial decisions are made. The next generation of geoscientists will be the PlayStation® generation. To them, innovations such as these will feel like home away from home. 1 The main character and hero in the blockbuster video games Half-Life ® and HalfLife ®2 2 Using the keys “W” “A” “S” and “D” on a QWERTY keyboard to control the player’s movement during a computer game Have keyboard and mouse, will travel to a different universe. -�� EAD TRACKING H Use your head to change your point of view, thanks to specially-adapted glasses. - SPEECH RECOGNITION Talktalk technologies, for inter-player communication and commands. - 3D STEREO VISUALIZATION The visual feast of an IMA X® theater in the comfort of your home or office, with a pair of 3D Visor glasses and a standard PC. 6 YEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGY YEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYE 2 ASGOODASTHERE Our business takes us all over the world. Which means our experts are on call around the clock. I technical center in Houston—and you’re up against an extremely tight deadline. THE SOLUTION You are not alone. Thanks to Remote Intouch,1 a new remote well diagnostics system, the operations expert could soon be on the spot. How? Simple. Just put on a pair of headphones and a specially designed pair of glasses, fitted with a webcam, a small screen and a two-way microphone, and pick up your wireless laptop. The expert, linked in via a webcam and voice system on his or her own PC, is as good as next to you as you walk around the site demonstrating where the problem lies. He or she will then diagnose the situation and talk you through magine you’re a field engineer working on a drilling project in a far-flung corner of Asia. Suddenly, you notice an unexpected response. You suspect it’s a software issue but need an expert eye to diagnose what’s wrong and determine how the tools can be re-configured to get you back on track. Unfortunately, the operations expert is based several thousand miles away at the corrective action. Thanks to the screen attached to your glasses, you will also see things from the expert’s point of view so there are no crossed wires. Soon there will be no worries about meeting your deadline—and the security of knowing that whenever you run into a problem, or need information on a new system, help is at hand at the touch of a key. 1 Concept demo was developed using TELEDI@G® products from Giat Industries. 7 EONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEY TECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEY EYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGY 3 DIRECTIONALDRILLING We know you’re down there, and we’re coming to get you. Schlumberger engineers are reaching target reservoirs faster than ever before. A 8 s oil and gas companies attempt to access increasingly remote reservoirs, they’re also looking to speed up production as never before. In the 1990s, the major breakthrough was horizontal drilling, which allowed engineers to align the producing part of an oil well with the shape of the geological formations, for optimum wellbore placement and dramatically increasing drainage capability. Reservoirs could also be located much farther from the drilling rig, at distances of up to 10 kilometers. But being able to drill in any direction was just the start. Engineers then set their sights on ways of tripling the drilling speed in horizontal and extended reach wells, without increasing the power of the surface installation. DEEPER, FASTER The Schlumberger solution? A unique “rotary steerable system,” which means engineers can steer the drilling direction while rotating the drill string at a constant high speed. The system allows them to drill from the surface to total depth, often in one run, at a maximum rate of penetration. Longer runs can be completed in a far shorter time and with optimum placement—achieving client savings of millions of dollars daily. The system’s simple, robust steering section and advanced coating materials to reduce wear ensure reliable, consistent performance in a wide range of drilling environ- ments and at temperatures of up to 160º C. Yet its incorporation of a range of delicate bit components also provides sensitive near-bit measurements to increase drilling accuracy and efficiency. The system represents a major leap forward in performance enhancement. No wonder that, since its arrival, Schlumberger has clocked in a few world records such as the deepest bit run, the longest horizontal section (8,148 meters in Qatar) and even the fastest telemetry rate. YEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYEONTECHNOLOGYEYE 4 ACONCRETEIMPROVEMENT How do you create a concrete slurry that’s a radical step up in fluidity, strength and impermeability? Add more solids, of course. The Key Ingredients - Standard cement slurries require water to fill the void between particles. C effectively as set cement. Too much solid content, on the other hand, and the slurry becomes too viscous, making the pumping process much harder work. ementing a casing is a critical step in oil well construction. Once pumped to the right place in the well, the cement sets, supporting the casing and ensuring the zonal isolation of the formation fluids. Cement systems come in a range of densities and need to be from 1 to 3 kg/l to be both mixable and pumpable. But you can get caught between a rock and a hard place. Add too much water and the slurry becomes too liquid and lacks the mechanical properties to work CEMENT REVOLUTION What was needed was a cement system that combines the best of both worlds. That’s exactly what CemCRETE* technology offers. This innovative range of high performance cement systems separates the two phases of cement performance to produce both optimum slurry properties and excellent set cement performance. CemCRETE* is as versatile as it is reliable. A high-perfor- mance alternative to basic oilwell cements, it reduces both operating time and client costs by eliminating the need for two-stage cementing. The key lies in the optimized distribution of various size particles, which creates a higher solid content with a lower rheology fluid. This provides greater compressive strength, reduced cement permeability and resistance to corrosive fluids. Available in a range of densities, it is perfect for high-pressure, high-temperature operations and deepwater environments and can also be used to repair channels and failures in primary cement too small for microcement slurries. * Denotes a Schlumberger brand - CemCRETE* slurries fill the interparticle void with more optimized solids for superior cement properties. 9 QUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZ QUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZ QUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQ Know It All So, you think you In the fastmoving world of oil and gas, even the most informed can have trouble keeping up. Think you can make the grade? Take this quiz to see how well you know the industry! ? 1. What percentage of fresh water available for humans exists as groundwater? A. 15% 41% 97% B. C. 2. Schlumberger developed a solution known as the “rotary steerable system” to improve drilling performance. This technology broke the world record for the longest horizontal section ever drilled. The well in question, drilled in Qatar, was how long? A. 6,982 m 8,148 m 10,243 m B. C. Submit your answers on10 www.slb.com/careers to win an iPod and other prizes QUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQU 3. During cementing and casing operations, the well is controlled by using cement systems with densities varying from: A. 1 to 3 kg/l 2 to 4 kg/l 3 to 12 kg/l 6. How many barrels of conventional oil are thought to exist in the Earth’s subsurface? A. 9. What is oilfield visualization? A. B. 1 to 2 trillion 5 to 10 trillion B. B. A new technology, inspired by electronic games. It provides an accurate 3D model of the subsurface and gives the capability to visualize it in a more efficient way. A drilling simulation exercise that enables engineers to practice drilling in extremely realistic conditions, with recently developed software. C. C. 26 to 30 trillion 4. It is possible to make a slurry more liquid by adding more solids. 7. Hydrogen is a primary source of energy. A. True A. True False B. False B. 5. Heavy oil is found in many parts of the world, but which three countries hold the largest quantities of this unconventional resource? A. 8. What do the letters FCV stand for? A. 10. The ultimate stage in CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) is to inject and store CO 2 in underground reservoirs. At what depth is the pressure sufficient to keep CO 2 liquid? Fuel Cell Vehicle Fuel Cell Voltage USA, Colombia, Vietnam Canada, Mexico, Russia Canada, Venezuela, Russia B. B. C. Fools, Clowns and Vagabonds ? A. 2,300 m 1,200 m 800 m B. C. C. 11 OFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPROFILEPRO Not your ordinary Ever wish for a job that would take you around the world? Eric Ayache, currently a Training Center Manager in Canada, talks about what it’s like when work is an adventure. DESK DESKJOB There have been many times during my 11 years at Schlumberger that I thought: It couldn’t get any better than this! In how many other jobs would I fi nd myself on the deck of a supply boat off the coast of Africa, watching humpback whales cresting in pairs and a Hammerhead shark circling the rig? While some people in my native France spend long, dull hours in crowded trains or congested highways commuting to work, I once traveled six hours by dug-out canoe, along a river that wound its lethargic way through the dense, tropical vegetation of Gabon, to work as second engineer at a remote wellsite. What greeted me upon my arrival were not phones, faxes, and scores of e-mails to answer, but pouring rain, ankle-deep mud, and a group of local hunters emerging from the rain forest carrying spears and freshly killed antelope and boar that they would later sell to the rig camp. How many employees of other companies spend weekends hunting with pygmies in Cameroon, climbing Pico Bioko in Equatorial Guinea, horseback riding through the vineyards of South Africa, or cagediving amid great white sharks off the Cape of Good Hope? And that was just during my fi rst four years with the Wireline segment. My appetite whetted for adventure, I agreed to leave the continent I had come to love to explore the remote deserts of the Middle East as a land engineer. During the two months I spent in Abu Dhabi, I learned everything there was to learn about desert driving during a weeklong exploration job on the Bu Hassa oilfield. Later, when I was posted in the Sultanate of Oman, I tracked white Arabian Oryx on my days off. For two years I worked as a Field Service Manager based in Masila, Yemen, a country that seems suspended in a distant past. It was a challenging job in a unique place. I drove through arid, desolate moonscapes to reach remote wellsites, and I gladly accepted the legendary tea and hospitality of the Bedus. At one point during my stay Eric Ayache, currently a Training Center Manager at Schlumberger, takes a quick nap with a chimpanzee. It’s all part of the job when you’re out in the Congo! 12 OFILE Career Highlights - 1995-1999: AFRICA As a Field Engineer for exploration wells, Eric worked in nine countries in Yemen, I spent five weeks traveling across the country along the 4,000-year-old incense trade route. I also took advantage of Yemen’s proximity to other unusual destinations and traveled to Uganda to see the gorillas in the Virunga mountain range, went white-water rafting on the Nile below Lake Victoria, and trekked the Bale and Siemen mountains in Ethiopia tracking the rare Abyssinian wolf, the mountain nyala, and the Gelada baboon. ALL IN THE SCHLUMBERGER FAMILY If all this sounds too good to be true, it was, in fact, even better: While I was working in Gabon, I met the woman who became my wife. Together, Catherine and I worked and traveled in Dubai, Angola, and the Netherlands before we were transferred to our current posts, in Calgary, Canada. She, too, works for Schlumberger, in the Wireline sales organization, while I manage the Schlumberger Training Center in Airdrie. But despite the prosaic North American address, the adventures that brought us together continue: We have skied and camped in the Canadian Rockies, and have spent days sea-kayaking through the fjords of southern Alaska. It’s been difficult sometimes, during my career with Schlumberger, to distinguish work days from days off; but given where those days have taken me, I wouldn’t want it any other way. -�� 999-2003: 1 THE MIDDLE EAST General Field Engineer, Field Service Manager and Service Quality Coach for Wireline. He took 2001 off to be a dog-sledding guide for expeditions below the North Pole! -�� 004: ANGOLA 2 Quality, Health, Safety and Environment Manager -�� 005: THE 2 NETHERLANDS Wireline Location Manager - 2006: NORTH AMERICA Eric is a Training Centre Manager in Canada 13 PERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPI OIL&GAS: THETECHNOLOGYFACTOR Tom O’Gallagher - Schlumberger Technical Advisor International Energy Agency Are we running out of oil? Indeed, oil is not an eternal source of energy, and it seems legitimate to question its near future. Tom O’Gallagher, Schlumberger Technical Advisor at the International Energy Agency (IEA), spoke with explore Magazine. Some experts say that we will be running out of oil in 30 years. Other experts said exactly the same thing 30 years ago. Could you please explain why? What is the reality of the situation? TOM O’GALLAGHER: To date, the world has consumed one trillion barrels of oil—that is over a period of 75 years. However, the rate of oil use is accelerating and the world is expected to consume the next one trillion barrels in only 25 years. At year-end 2005, the amount of remaining proven oil reserves was 1.3 trillion, so one could think that at present consumption rates we will run out by 2030. But in fact, “proven reserves” is very specifically defined and actually means the confirmed oil reserves that we consider economically and technically viable to produce today. In fact, geologists and other scientists estimate there are another five to six trillion barrels of conventional oil, and five to six trillion barrels of nonconventional oil (heavy oil and oil sands). So it is true to say the “easy” oil production will start to decline in the next 10 to 15 years, but there is actually a lot more hydrocarbon available in our Earth’s system—some has been discovered but not deemed commercially viable (proven), some is yet to be discovered (we know that approximately 25 percent of the remaining reserves are located in the Arctic). So the oil business is going to be with us for a few more generations yet. What role will hydrocarbons play as an energy source in the next 30 years? TO’G: Oil remains the most efficient and cheapest energy source in our world. We have made great strides in eliminating its use to generate electricity, as gas, coal and hydropower can be economically viable for electricity generation. As an aside, we also have the technology to generate oil from coal (called coal to liquids) and oil from gas (called gas to liquids or GTL). These remain high cost today but are expected to become much cheaper as technology and volumes grow. So over the next 25 years, oil will remain the largest energy source due to its use in transport—cars, ships and airplanes. Even at 100 dollars a barrel, oil is the most cost effective energy source for transport! Yes, we could technically and theoretically run all the cars in the world on biofuels developed from crops—but that would mean that all the agricultural 14 INION ��� ��� Future Sources of Production As demand increases, so does the oil and gas industry’s need for technology—to produce the reserves of today and explore for those of tomorrow. New technologies are continually required, focused on increasing recovery from fields already in production, developing unconventional reserves and enabling exploration in the more and more challenging environments of tomorrow. �� �� �� � ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� 15 XPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOP land would need to be planted with crops for bio-fuels, leaving no land left for food. At best, and with stringent governmental policy changes to force its use, bio-fuels will only be able to provide seven percent of the “oil” needed for transport in 2030 (it is three percent today). Oil, even at 60 dollars a barrel, is very cheap. A barrel of mineral water costs 120 dollars, and a barrel of milk costs over 200 dollars! And there is very little infrastructure or process required to produce these fluids when one considers the massive oil production facilities in some of the harshest places in the world, and the need to process the oil and ship it around the world. Oil is comparatively cheap because considerable high technology has been focused on reducing the costs of exploration and production. We use some of the fastest computers in the world to model the Earth’s structure to fi nd and exploit the oil and gas. We use virtual reality to enable experts from all disciplines, including geologists, geophysicists, project engineers, drilling engineers, petroleum engineers, and production engineers, to be able to discuss and explain their expert knowledge. An entire team working together can then jointly deliver the oil and gas projects that cost from 5 to 20 billion dollars. We have state-of-the-art IT systems to assist the monitoring and management of this worldwide industry. We build world-class engineering structures that have to withstand temperature ranges from +60°C to – 50°C. Electronic monitoring and control systems that go into deep oil wells need to be able to operate under pressures up to 25,000 PSI (1723.7 bars) and temperatures to 204°C. Mobile phones, iPods and PCs will implode and melt at these temperatures! H2 0 1 HYDROGEN Fuel of the Future? Many people and corporations see hydrogen as the next energy source, a substitute for crude oil. Schlumberger Fellow Brian Clark takes a closer look at the feasibility of this much-touted “alternative energy source,” discovering some serious limitations. Would you recommend that new graduates join the oil and gas industry? TO’G: I can highly recommend the oil and gas industry as a challenging and rewarding career choice for engineering graduates. Having worked for 27 years, in 10 countries, on three continents, I can honestly say I have never had a “boring day at the office,” as the work has always been interesting, stimulating and fun. And the good news is that the best years have yet to come, due to the global realization of how vital oil and gas are to the world’s economic growth and the fact that investments in this sector (around 350 billion dollars in 2005) will continue to grow for the foreseeable future. Seeing the Light in H 16 HEAVYOIL countries and others produced close to five million barrels of heavy oil per day in 2006. Many types of heavy oil exist, and a variety of production processes are being used and developed to recover it. Many technologies and services used for conventional oil face limitations with this more viscous heavy oil. Schlumberger is continually developing innovative tools and services to address these limitations. eavy oil is a huge resource. We know where heavy oil is, and we need it to satisfy current and future oil demand. For these reasons, heavy oil has become an important theme in our industry, with an increasing number of operators getting involved or expanding their plans in this market around the world. Heavy oil is found in many parts of the world, with Canada, Venezuela and Russia holding by far the largest volume. These PINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINIONEXPERTOPINION Hydrogen Power vs. No contest! The range of a fuel cell vehicle (FCV) is one fourth that of a conventional car with the same size fuel tank. Gasoline Power gasoline 3 2 H ydrogen-powered automobiles are a recurrent idea these days. Shell, ExxonMobil, Ford, Honda, Nissan and General Motors are considering it. Shell International scenarios anticipate the displacement of the internal combustion engine by fuel cells within two decades. Prototype hydrogen-powered cars and buses are debuting in the United States, Japan and Europe. THE DREAM Two major issues are driving the hydrogen dream—global warming and over-dependence on imported oil. The idea of the hydrogen economy is to use locally available and renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar and biomass, to produce hydrogen gas (H2). H2 can then be used in fuel cells to produce electricity without producing pollution. Replacing gasoline and diesel fuel with hydrogen would eliminate 67 percent of the petroleum used in the US and would reduce US carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 32 percent. But is it realistic to think that inexpensive, pollutionfree hydrogen energy will be the fuel of the future? Several recent scientific studies give insight into this question. energy source—fossil fuels, nuclear reactors, hydroelectric dams, geothermal wells, wind turbines or solar panels—is required to break the chemical bonds to produce H2. So the hydrogen economy is incomplete without a primary energy source that can replace fossil fuels. This crucial point is often forgotten in news articles about the hydrogen economy. Reforming natural gas at a large refinery is the cheapest way to produce hydrogen, but it is expensive compared to gasoline or diesel fuel (before taxes!). Natural gas is also increasingly imported, and releases CO2 into the atmosphere when used to produce hydrogen. BACK TO THE SOURCE Electrical energy can be used to produce hydrogen via the electrolysis of water (direct current + 2H2O → 2H2 + O2). But it is very inefficient, with only 45 percent of the initial energy captured. The nuclear industry offers a “next generation” nuclear reactor. It will be intrinsically safe and will produce hydrogen from water using a very high temperature (750-1,000°C) thermochemical process. However, radioactive waste and high capital costs are significant hurdles for the nuclear industry to overcome. “ THE STORAGE PROBLEM Storing hydrogen safely and efficiently is perhaps the greatest technical hurdle for a fuel cell vehicle (FCV). Compressed hydrogen gas is the only viable approach today. Carbon-fiber composite tanks are now available that hold hydrogen at 10,000 psi. However, these tanks hold only MAKE OR BREAK Hydrogen is not a primary source of energy. It is always chemically bound in organic compounds or water. A primary The hydrogen economy is incomplete without a primary energy source that can replace fossil fuels. This crucial point is often forgotten in news articles about the hydrogen economy.” one-eighth the energy of a gasoline tank of equal size. Since fuel cells are twice as efficient as internal combustion engines, the range of an FCV is one-fourth that of a conventional car with the same size fuel tank. Compressed gas at 10,000 psi can be extremely dangerous. Refueling at a pressure of 10,000 psi does not seem an acceptable activity for the general public. The energy released by the sudden rupture of a 10,000-psi tank holding 6 kg of hydrogen is roughly equivalent to 50 sticks of dynamite! Even liquid hydrogen, which exists at -250°C, has only onefourth the energy per unit volume of gasoline. Liquid hydrogen is not feasible in an FCV for many reasons, including the risk of exposure to such low temperatures. Hydrogen leaks in enclosed spaces are worrisome because H2 is odorless and invisible. Hydrogen has an extremely wide range of flammability, burning in mixtures from 4 to 75 by volume. Thus, private vehicles carrying these fuels seem improbable. On the other hand, buses, trains and boats operated by trained professionals seem much more likely. AND THE ANSWER IS... So, how realistic is the vision of the hydrogen economy, and when will it occur? In this author’s opinion, fundamental breakthroughs in science and technology are required to make the hydrogen economy a reality. Such breakthroughs may take decades to achieve, if they are even possible. But is a hydrogen economy the right goal? 17 Drilling and Measurements Directional Driller, Canada Nationality: Canadian Hitting the target is nothing new for Mike, Directional Driller at Drilling and Measurements. He’s been doing it since the age of 10, when he made his fi rst bow and arrows out of willow branches on the family farm in southeast Saskatchewan. From gophers, he graduated to deer, but today he hunts for bigger game still—while working on a rig for the Mackenzie Delta project, south of Fort Liard. Nonetheless, Mike keeps his priorities in place, preferring safety to winning at all cost. “Nobody’s been hurt on this job so far. If we can maintain this record until the end of the season, I’ll consider it a success, even if we don’t fi nd any hydrocarbons.” Mike ALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALK REALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALKREALTALK PORTRAITS range of backgrounds, but they all share a thirst for adventure and a desire to build their careers on a broad base of experiences. Schlumberger Shooting for a Bull’s Eye A Woman with Strong Ambitions People at Schlumberger come from a wide Vanessa Well Completion and Productivity Junior Field Engineer, Nigeria Nationality: French The first time she heard about Schlumberger, Vanessa was attending a conference about women engineers. One week later, she decided to attend a career fair organized by Schlumberger. “I had to go! I was immediately seduced by the type of career Schlumberger offers,” remembers Vanessa. Her first impression was confirmed during the session. “This is for me, that’s what I’ve always wanted.” Vanessa had found an opportunity to work abroad, to meet people from all over the globe, and to discover new cultures. But above all, she felt she would have enough responsibility, and reach her ambitions. After that conference, everything moved very quickly. She met a recruiter twice and was offered a position. They discussed carefully which career would best fi t her, and then she was off to Nigeria as a Schlumberger Field Engineer. “I’m still a bit scared, but above all, I am very proud and eager.” 18 Soldier of Good Fortune A Meeting that Makes the Difference Jordi Mariama Dauren Well Services Technical Engineer, Qatar Nationality: Ivorian / Canadian She’s only 28, but Mariama, a Well Services Cementing Engineer, already has more cultures tied to her than most people get to know in a lifetime: Her mother was born in Guinea, her father in Mali, she was born in the Ivory Coast, and she carries a Canadian passport. After her long days designing gas well jobs and handling rig logistics at our operations base outside Doha, she returns to our staff house, where she lives with a group of young women from Russia, China, Thailand, Bahrain, Trinidad, Tunisia, Algeria and the United Arab Emirates. But none of this confuses Mariama. On the contrary, this quick-witted three-year Schlumberger vet eats it up. “Hey, I’m learning a lot,” she exclaims. “And I know. Everybody says that, but it’s true!” Schlumberger Information Solutions (SIS) Account Manager, Kazakhstan Nationality: Kazakhstani A key component of our assault on the Caspian’s oil and gas business comes from commercial soldiers like Dauren, SIS account manager in Almaty. A native of this city, Dauren, 27, joined Schlumberger in 2002 as a Geoscientist Support Engineer. In his new position, Dauren ensures that Schlumberger software—such as GeoFrame ®, Petrel TM and EclipseTM —brings its full value to our Caspian clients. He notes that Schlumberger has the largest tech support team in the Caspian. “The changing Caspian environment makes business here exciting now. There’s no more planned economy of the Soviet era. The number of Western-educated customers is growing by the day. No doubt about it: We’re moving forward fast.” One Woman, Many Cultures Wireline Junior Field Engineer, Libya Nationality: French Jordi has just finished his OFS1 training in Dubai, the first step to becoming a Junior Field Engineer. “I still remember when a few months ago a Schlumberger recruiter came to my school, the ENSAM, to present career opportunities. For the first time, my friends and I felt that working for a service company in the oil and gas industry could be exciting.” A few days later, Jordi was attending a Tech Day—36 hours organized by the French recruiting team to receive 100 future engineers at the Schlumberger product center in Clamart. To get a clear vision on careers at Schlumberger, visits, discussions with employees and managers were organized. “It was the first time a company welcomed us within their facilities. That’s when Schlumberger became one of my priorities.” Now Jordi is about to leave for his first adventure in the Libyan desert, his first location as a Wireline Junior Field Engineer. 19 REERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCARE & Answers Questions What is the graduate training program like at Schlumberger? What are working and living conditions like at the company? T raining is an essential component of personnel development at Schlumberger. You’ll never stop learning. Every graduate who joins Schlumberger follows a structured training program for approximately three years. We have 10 training centers worldwide staffed with Schlumberger instructors, developed from within, who have an aptitude for teaching, coaching, and mentoring. Technical theory is taught with an emphasis on practical hands-on training. You’ll also receive training in quality, health, safety and environment, finance, management, sales, leadership, communication, and other soft skills. But your development continues well beyond the initial program, and you are encouraged to take advantage of the development tools available throughout your career. orkplaces are very diverse—it all depends on the job. Research scientists and technical experts typically work in an office or lab. Field engineers have quite a different lifestyle, working outdoors at clients’ locations, both offshore and onshore, sometimes in remote places, and under extreme conditions, and where teamwork is essential. If you are willing to embark on an international career, you will experience many countries and cultures. Depending on the country, you’ll be living in a house, W an apartment or a Schlumberger camp. Safety has always been the number one priority at Schlumberger. We do not operate in countries where we feel security cannot be guaranteed. Our work is technically demanding, with lots of responsibility early in your career. Field engineers have varying schedules, depending on the locations and the type of jobs, and hours can be very long. Regular breaks are scheduled, mainly in shifts. We try to accommodate family life and personal requirements when moving people into new jobs, in particular in a situation of a dual career. 20 EERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREERSCAREER S What opportunities for a full and diverse career exist at Schlumberger? However, management is not the only evolution path at Schlumberger. We recognize that technical experts are the lifeblood of our business, and we strongly value technical and scientific careers. Our technical ladder can take you right to becoming a Schlumberger Fellow—one of a selected group of internationally recognized, respected and very well rewarded leaders in our industry. chlumberger offers many different career opportunities in a very diverse cultural environment. All promotions are based on merit. Whether you enter the company in field engineering, in research, development and manufacturing, or as a petrotechnical expert, your will and performance drive your career. Management positions are accessible in technical fields, but you could as well be tempted by an experience in sales, marketing or personnel. ou will start your career either abroad or in your home country. Even if you begin abroad, you should expect to spend a significant amount of your career in your home country. During the first five years of employment, transfers can be frequent for field engineers. Schlumberger is present in 80 countries, offering you the unique opportunity to travel and discover new locations. It’s all up to you; no two careers are alike, and you can expect almost everything. Y What travel opportunities will I have with the company? t is defi nitely a good time to join the oil and gas industry. We offer pay and benefits packages that are very competitive in our industry sector. This package includes all the core benefits that are important for the health and well-being of the employee, including cash compensation, future participation in incentive or bonus programs, vacations, and participation in deferred benefits such as pension or savings plans, depending on the country of residence. Your recruiter can give you more detailed information. I How do Schlumberger salaries and benefits compare to those of other companies? 21 OBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPG MAKINGANIMPACT Global Citizenship at Schlumberger embodies our approach to global concerns on which we can have an impact through our business practices and the motivation of our employees. ur efforts focus on three broad themes: Education; Health, Safety and Environment; and Climate Change. FACULTY FOR THE FUTURE Fifty female academics pursuing advanced graduate studies are receiving support through this Schlumberger Foundation scholarship program. The program provides fi nancial assistance to women from emerging economies who are pursuing university teaching careers in science and engineering disciplines. The long-term goal is to create better gender balance to attract more young women into science O Education and engineering studies. Today, there are women of 18 nationalities pursuing advanced study in 16 countries. POST-TSUNAMI RECONSTRUCTION WITH “LETTERS FROM ACEH” Sales of “Letters from Aceh”, a collection of heartfelt exchanges between students at the Jakarta International School (JIS) and children displaced by the December 2004 tsunami, has raised 90,000 dollars to build a primary school and fund reconstruction efforts for damaged schools throughout Aceh, the Indonesian province hardest hit by the disaster. SEED (SCHLUMBERGER EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT) SEED is a global non-profit education program that serves students aged 10-18. It includes a range of activities provided through a multilingual website, science education workshops, and collaborative international projects. Over 1,600 volunteers have already decided to share their passion for learning and science. Kim, a log analyst in Malaysia, is a volunteer with the SEED program. He volunteered to help the Tinggi St. David High School in Malacca, his home town. “I thought that by volunteering I could give something back to my community and my former school, and Schlumberger seemed the ideal channel,” says Kim. Left: A SEED student in Mexico, focussing on his science experiment. Right: Volunteering is important to many Schlumberger employees and is supported through our community outreach programs. 22 GLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHIPGLOBALCITIZENSHI Health, Safety and Environment e continuously improve the health and safety standards that protect our employees and others within our sphere of control. We also bring a commitment to apply consistent environmental standards worldwide and find ways to reduce our activity footprint. This can be seen through the following examples: SAFE DRIVING Driving accidents are the 11th highest cause of fatality in the world and the main cause of fatality in the oil and gas industry. We therefore set very high standards for our employees and contractors and train them rigorously. Contract drivers in Nouakchott, Mauritania, were rewarded for exceptional driving skill in an extremely difficult environment. Driving conditions are very challenging in this country: Cars stop without warning, goats and dogs wander along the roads, and cars bypass queues. Two of our contract drivers were rewarded for their full understanding and use of the Schlumberger comprehensive and defensive driving rules. MALARIA PREVENTION Between one million and three million people die from malaria every year. To safeguard our employees, we developed a Malaria Prevention Program that trains employees about malaria, W equips them with a malaria kit for self-diagnosis and treatment of symptoms, and gives them access to a 24/7 Malaria Hotline. HIV/AIDS EDUCATION HIV infects about 40 million people every year, 74% of whom are in African countries. Schlumberger is among a mere 10% of companies that have a formal HIV/AIDS position. In 2005, we introduced an awareness campaign for our employees and their families, our main stakeholders in this initiative. ENVIRONMENT Our commitment to reducing our environmental footprint is significant. Improvements have been made over the last few years through the application of our global Environmental Standard, notably in relation to waste and water management. For example our base in Aracaju, Brazil, received a Schlumberger Environmental Excellence award after discovering a novel approach to reducing onsite water consumption and electricity usage. Increasingly, we apply our technical abilities in the design and development of products and services of smaller environmental footprint. In addition, we are working on finding ways to reduce our CO2 emissions, which come from widely distributed sources such as vehicles and vessels. To embrace safe driving practices, every employee of Schlumberger takes regular driving training. Faculty for the Future is about supporting women in pursuing academic careers in science and technology. Climate Change Source: IPCC chlumberger believes there is sufficient evidence of the seriousness of the global climate situation to start preparing solutions to mitigate CO2 impact. CO2 is the most prevalent of the greenhouse gases. It is found naturally in the atmosphere and is also emitted during the burning of fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal. One promising solution is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), where CO2 is captured from large single sources such as power stations and stored in underground geological formations. Schlumberger has created a carbon service business addressing this technical challenge. (See interview next page.) S REDUCING CO 2 EMISSIONS Schlumberger can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, most notably through geophysical services supporting the development of the carbon storage solution. 23 TERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWT DISAPPEARINGACT Carbon Capture and Storage—or CCS to its friends—is one emerging technology that could significantly reduce man-made carbon emissions into the atmosphere. It is also a business opportunity for Schlumberger. What is CCS, how does it work, and what are its prospects? Hanspeter Rohner, vice president of the recently formed Carbon Services, explains. So how does CCS actually work? Hanspeter Rohner: CCS works best when applied to large single-source emitters of carbon dioxide such as coalor gas-fired power plants that typically produce more than one million tons of CO2 per year. The technology is actually composed of three stages. The first thing is to capture the CO2 —either prior to combustion by reforming natural gas to generate hydrogen and then strip out the CO2, or by stripping the CO2 from the flue gases once the coal or gas has been burnt. Then, after the CO2 has been captured, it is compressed and transported by pipeline to the injection site. Finally, it is injected and stored in underground reservoirs. At Schlumberger, our expertise is in this third stage. How does the storage phase work, and how secure is it? HR: The first thing to point out is that CO2 must be highly compressed to a supercritical state in order to liquefy it before injection. It is then pumped down a borehole into depleted oil or gas reservoirs or into deep saline aquifers. Typical depths for either of these would be between 800 meters and 2,000 meters. At this depth, the pressure is sufficient to keep CO2 liquid, thereby reducing the required storage volume. We establish the integrity of the reservoir before injection through careful site selection and extensive characterization, both of the reservoir itself and of the surrounding rock formations. During injection, we monitor the flow of CO2 using well-established monitoring and verification technologies. In addition, the selected storage reservoirs must conform to stringent safety considerations. Under these conditions, storage of injected CO2 is highly secure. To give you an idea of what we mean, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has estimated that 99% of the CO2 stored in underground reservoirs can be expected still to be in place after 1,000 years. In addition, trapping mechanisms such as geochemical interactions between the CO2 and the reservoir and reservoir fluids render such storage even more secure. 24 TERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWINTERVIEWTERVIEWINTE Statoil has been busy capturing and storing CO2 in its Sleipner field in the North Sea for the past eight years. Why all the excitement now? HR: Ultimately that is a question for Statoil, but part of the rationale is that Norway has had a carbon tax for a number of years that has made the economics of the technology viable. And economics is still an important issue. The main cost of the technology is in the power needed to capture the carbon. Where there isn’t an economic incentive to capture the carbon, the technology will probably not be used. Ultimately, the technology requires government action to provide the economic conditions necessary to make it attractive. Are there other barriers to the further application of CCS technology? So apart from Schlumberger, which other major industrial players are involved in CCS technology? HR: We have positioned ourselves as the leaders on the injection and storage technology side. But that is only part of the process. The oil majors, including BP, Shell, Statoil, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Total and others are deeply involved in developing the required technologies, as are power equipment companies such as Alstom, Air Liquide and GE, which already have the technology to undertake the “capture” component. There is also a new trade association, the Carbon Capture and Storage Association, which was set up in the United Kingdom in October 2005, to help promote the technology. So this is a big new business opportunity for Schlumberger? HR: There are, but they are not technical. The real barriers, in addition to the economic ones, are legislative and linked to public acceptance. There is currently no legislation that governs the use of underground saline aquifers—one of the available storage options. As a result, the processes of licensing, setting technical standards and managing long-term liabilities have not yet been developed. On the other hand, CO2 injection into producing oil and gas reservoirs has long been an industry approach to extending the productive lives of these reservoirs. Another barrier is a concern among the public that underground storage represents an unsafe technology—that enormous bubbles of CO2 are going to erupt at the surface. But this isn’t going to happen. These reservoirs have held water, oil and gas at enormous pressures for millennia, and they are more than capable of containing CO2. HR: Absolutely. We’ve already invested 25 million dollars in developing new and adapting older technologies directed at CO2 storage. Now we want to position ourselves as a major player in a technology that we believe to be critical for the future, to be employed in addition to increased energy efficiency, more renewable energy sources, and so on. We are already involved in various CCS R&D projects around the world, and I am convinced that by the end of this year we will kick off our first pilot project. Still, the real key to launching CCS on a large scale lies with the legislators. Finally, how does this fit with the Schlumberger approach to “global citizenship”? HR: Our approach to global citizenship is organized around the global concerns on which we can have an impact. Climate change is one of these concerns, and we recognize that we have a moral obligation to address it and are actively looking for ways to reduce our own emissions. But we are also fortunate enough to be developing a portfolio of technologies that we believe not only represent a business opportunity, but also stand to help solve one of the most challenging issues facing the world today. 25 SITYGENDERDIVERSITYGENDERDIVERSITYGENDERDIVERSITYGENDERDIVERSITYGENDERDIVERSITYGENDERDIVERSITYGEND Women’s Top Schlumberger was named one of the Top 50 places where women want to work in the UK and as one of the most progressive employers for women. The Where Women Want To Work TOP 50 competition was conducted for the fi rst time by The Times in conjunction with UK-based women’s employment consultancy Aurora. The competition was open to private, public and academic organizations with 1,000 or more employees in the UK. Applicants were required to submit an exhaustive report documenting what their organizations do to attract, retain and develop female talent. Schlumberger ranked in the Top 50 because of our Gender Diversity initiative, explained by Saira Osmani, our Diversity Projects Manager. Why is Gender Diversity important at Schlumberger? Saira Osmani: Diversity is at the heart of our business strategy. No one culture or gender has a monopoly on creativity and talent. Over the past 30 years, we have recruited and developed our people from the countries in which we work (over 80 countries). Gender diversity is one important element of this overall diversity strategy. We want to be able to recruit and retain the best talent, and we also want to match the demographics of our increasingly global and diverse client base. What recent initiatives were implemented? SO: Gender Diversity is an ongoing effort that has to be sustained over time to show results. More recently, we have focused on several key initiatives. A Gender Diversity steering committee was established in 2004 to help understand and manage Gender Diversity. One of the areas of focus is the impact of networking on the retention and motivation of women. We want to make sure that women can form an important support network and benefit from it. The networks composed of men and women will aim ultimately at regrouping the entire Schlumberger organization. We also decided to benchmark ourselves against other companies with a view to improving our workplace for women and being more visible with our actions both internally and externally. Schlumberger Made the 50 “ Our belief that no culture or gender has a monopoly on creativity has given us access to the best people no matter where they were born… the result is an extraordinary melting pot of talent.” Andrew Gould, Chairman and CEO -�www.wherewomenwanttowork.com The website managed by Aurora has been chosen by Schlumberger within the visibility initiative. 26 DER- 27 28