Rockets and Satellites

							Rockets and Satellites

EQ: How do rockets travel in
         space?
         How Rockets Work
• A rocket moves forward when gas
  expelled from the rear of a rocket pushes it
  in the opposite direction
• Basic law of physics
  – For every force, or action, there is an equal
    and opposite force or reaction.

           EQ: How do rockets travel in
                    space?
Rockets in Space
       • A rocket moves forward
         when gases expelled from
         the rear of the rocket
         push it in the opposite
         direction
       • In a rocket, fuel is burned
         to make a hot gas
       • This hot gas is forced out
         of narrow nozzles in the
         back of the rocket,
         propelling the rocket
         forward
               EQ: How do rockets travel in
                        space?
                  Multistage Rockets
    • First rockets were developed by the
      Chinese in the year 1000
        – They used gunpowder for fuel
        – Gunpowder burned quickly – so there was not
          enough to get the rocket out of the
          atmosphere
        – Gunpowder is extremely explosive

EQ: How do rockets travel in space?
          Robert H. Goddard
• American Scientist
• In the 1920s he
  experimented with fuels and
  found a liquid fuel that
  provided continuous power

        EQ: How do
      rockets travel in
          space?
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
            • Russian Scientist
            • Developed a rocket
              that breaks apart
              as fuel is used
            • Once a stage uses
              up its fuel, the
              container drops off
              and the next stage
              ignites
            EQ: How do rockets
             travel in space?
       Saturn V
• Carried
  astronauts to the
  moon
• Developed in
  1950s and 1960s
• Multistage rocket

      EQ: How do rockets
       travel in space?
             Artificial Satellites
• October 4, 1957 – Soviet
  Union successfully launched a
  satellite into orbit around the
  earth
• Satellite – a natural or artificial
  object that revolves around an
  object in space
• The name of the satellite was
  Sputnik 1
                         EQ: How do rockets
                          travel in space?
Yuri Gagarin
         • First person in
           space
         • Orbited earth on
           April 12, 1961


     EQ: How do rockets travel in space?
            Geosynchronous Orbits
• Orbits that hold
  satellites that
  revolve around the
  earth at the same
  rate the Earth
  rotates
• Used to relay tv
  signals and map NASA began1960, based onof new communication
                    satellites in
                                  development
                                               the hypothesis that
  weather patterns geosynchronous satellites, which orbit Earththe best
                    miles (35,900 km) above the ground, offered
                                                                22,300

                            location because the high orbit allowed the satellites'
  EQ: How do rockets        orbital speed to match the rotation speed of Earth and
   travel in space?         therefore remain essentially stable over the same spot.
Space Station
                • Large space
                  satellite in
                  which people
                  live for long
                  periods of time
                • International
                  Space Station
                  – Built by 16
                    countries
                     EQ: How do
                   rockets travel in
                       space?
                    Space Shuttle
Reusable space rocket
 used to “shuttle” back
 and forth between earth
 and space to launch
 astronauts and
 equipment into space

    EQ: How do rockets travel
    in space?
    Class Work and Homework
Fill In                     EQ: How do rockets
                             travel in space?
   – What did I learn
   – Confused
   – Say
   Read pages J 35 – J38
   Review and Reinforce worksheet