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Overview
Country Republic of Korea
1/ Background Statistics
Human development index rank 12 1
GNI per capita (PPP in US$) 29,518 1
Life expectancy at birth (years) 79.8 1
Mean years of schooling (years) 11.6 1
Expected years of schooling (years) 16.8 1
Total population 48,333,000 2
2/ Disability Statistics
Population of persons with disabilities 2,246,965 3, a
Proportion of persons with disabilities to
4.63 per cent (2008) 3, a
total population
Employment rate of persons with
34.1 per cent (2005) 4
disabilities
74.8 per cent of children and youth with disabilities
Access to education complete a full course of primary school education
(2005) 4
3/ Definitions
The Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for
Persons with Disabilities Act (2007) defines
disability, with respect to a cause of discrimination
Definition of disability prohibited by this Act, as “an impairment or loss of
physical or mental functions that substantially
limits an individual’s personal or social activities
for an extended period.”
The Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for
Persons with Disabilities Act (2007) defines
persons with disabilities as individuals with
disabilities as provided in the definition of
disability.
Definition of persons with disabilities
The Act relating to Employment Promotion, etc.
for Disabled Persons (1990) defines persons with
disabilities as “those who because of physical or
mental handicap, are subject to considerable
restriction in their working life for a long time, as
more fully defined in the Presidential Decree.”
Under the Special Education Promotion Law
(1977), children with disabilities are screened and
Categories of impairment assessed into the following classification:
1. Visual impaired;
Overview
Country Republic of Korea
2. Hearing impaired;
3. Mentally retarded;
4. Physically impaired;
5. Emotionally disturbed (including autism);
6. Speech impaired;
7. Learning disabilities;
8. Otherwise physically and psychologically
impaired.
4/ Commitment to Regional and International Instruments on Disability
Ratification of ILO Convention 159 Ratified Convention on 15 November 1999 5
Ratification or signatory of Convention on
Signed Convention on 30 March 2007;
the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Ratified Convention on 11 December 2008 6
(CRPD), and its Optional Protocol
Ratification or signatory of Convention on
No 7
Cluster Munitions
5/ Legal Framework
Constitution of the Republic of Korea (1987, art.
Constitutional provisions
34, para. 5)
Disability-specific laws
Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for
Comprehensive Persons with Disabilities Act (2007);
Welfare of Persons with Disabilities Act (1989)
Cover: education; employment; access to built
environment and public transport; poverty
Sectoral
reduction through capacity-building, social security
and sustainable livelihood programmes
Cover: human rights commission; access to
Disability-inclusive laws information and communication technology; child
care
6/ Policy Framework
Disability-specific policies
Third Five-Year-Plan for Policy Development for
Comprehensive
Persons with Disabilities 2008-2012
Sectoral ..
Disability-inclusive ..
7/ Institutional Framework
The national coordination mechanism or Welfare Coordination Committee for Persons with
disability focal point Disabilities
Sources:
1. United Nations Development Programme (2010). Human Development Report 2010 (New York,
UNDP).
2. United Nations (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision (United Nations publication,
Sales No. E.10.XIII.2).
3. Republic of Korea (2009). Ministry for Heath, Welfare, and Family Affairs, electronic communication
with ESCAP.
4. ESCAP (2006). Questionnaire on the Mid-Point Review of the Implementation of the Biwako
Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-Free and Rights-Based Society for
Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) (Q11.2), answers from the respective
Government on file with ESCAP.
5. International Labour Organization (2010). “Convention No. C 159”, accessed
from www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C159 on 9 March 2011.
6. United Nations (2010). “Convention and Optional Protocol Signatures and Ratifications”, on the
United Nations Enable website, accessed from
www.un.org/disabilities/countries.asp?navid=12&pid=166 on 9 March 2011.
7. Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) (2008). “Ratifications and Signatures”, accessed from
www.clusterconvention.org/ratifications-and-signatures on 9 March 2011.
Notes:
a. Estimate from the 2008 Census of Korea by the National Statistic Office.
Comprehensive
1. Definitions
a) Disability
The Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for Persons with Disabilities Act
(2007) defines disability, with respect to a cause of discrimination prohibited by this Act, as “an
impairment or loss of physical or mental functions that substantially limits an individual’s personal
or social activities for an extended period.” (Republic of Korea 2007a, art. 2, para. 1)
b) Persons with disabilities
The Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for Persons with Disabilities Act
(2007) defines persons with disabilities as individuals with disabilities as provided in the definition
of disability in paragraph 1 (see definition of disability above).
The Act relating to Employment Promotion, etc. for Disabled Persons (1990) defines persons
with disabilities as “those who because of physical or mental handicap, are subject to considerable
restriction in their working life for a long time, as more fully defined in the Presidential Decree.”
(Republic of Korea 1990, art. 2)
The Welfare Law for Persons with Disabilities (1989) provides the following definition: “For
purposes of this Law, persons with disabilities encompasses those people with physical disabilities,
visual disabilities, audio-lingual disabilities, mental retardation or other mental defects who have
suffered substantially in his/her daily living or social life due to disabilities. Degrees of disability
shall be specified by the Presidential Decree.” (Republic of Korea 1989, art. 2)
c) Categories of impairment
Under the Special Education Promotion Law (1977), children with disabilities are screened
and assessed into the following classification:
1. Visual impaired;
2. Hearing impaired;
3. Mentally retarded;
4. Physically impaired;
5. Emotionally disturbed (including autism);
6. Speech impaired;
7. Learning disabilities;
8. Otherwise physically and psychologically impaired. (Republic of Korea 1977, art. 10)
2. Legal framework
a) Constitutional provisions
Constitution of the Republic of Korea, 1987
[English] – [Korean]
Chapter II Rights and Duties of the Citizens states that “citizens who are incapable of earning
a livelihood due to a physical disability, disease, old age or other reasons shall be protected by the
State under the conditions as prescribed by Act.” (Republic of Korea 1987, chap.2, art. 34, para. 5)
b) Disability-specific laws and regulations
i. Comprehensive disability-specific laws and regulations
Anti-Discrimination Against and Remedies for Persons with Disabilities Act, 2007
[English] – [Korean]
The Anti-Discrimination Act (Republic of Korea 2007a) prohibits discrimination based on
disability over the whole domains of life, thereby providing the legal foundation for the realization of
human rights of persons with disabilities through their full social participation (art.1; art. 6).
The Act provides definitions of terminology used in the legislation and specifies what constitutes
discriminatory acts. The Act recognizes the right of persons with disabilities to choice and self-
determination. As such, the law outlines basic services and information to ensure equal rights for
persons with disabilities.
The Act has specific provisions prohibiting discrimination and outlining relief in the following areas:
a. Employment
Employers are prohibited from discriminating against persons with disabilities in matters related
to employment. Moreover, employers shall provide legitimate accommodation and support to
enable persons with disabilities to carry out tasks on equal basis with others.
b. Education
Educational officers and teaching staff are prohibited from acts that discriminate persons with
disabilities from education. Educational institutions have the duty to provide legitimate
accommodations to ensure that persons with disabilities shall not be disadvantaged in carrying
out their educational activities.
c. Provision and use of goods and services
c. The Act prohibits acts of discrimination on the grounds of an individual's disability and
provides for relief in relation to the following:
provision of goods and services
purchase, sale or lease of land or building
availing of financial products and services such as loans, credit cards and others
access and use of facilities (where the Act provides for legitimate accommodation in
relation to access, emergency evacuation and auxiliary aids or guide dogs)
means of mobility and transportation
information access
protection of private information
cultural and artistic activities
physical activities
d. Judicial and Administrative Procedures, Services and Political Rights
The Act prohibits public entities from discriminating against persons with disabilities in the
provision of judicial and administrative procedures and services that ensure their rights. It
provides for legitimate accommodation, with respect to various judicial and administrative
procedures and services for persons with disabilities, which will allow use on equal basis as
others.
e. Political Rights
The Act prohibits discrimination of persons with disabilities concerning the exercise of their
political rights (i.e. right to vote, right to be elected and right to petition) and provides for
“legitimate accommodation” to ensure that persons with disabilities are able to exercise their
political rights, on equal basis with others.
f. Motherhood, Fatherhood, Sexuality.
The Act prohibits discrimination, on the basis of a person's disability, in matters involving
motherhood or fatherhood, including pregnancy, adoption, childbirth and nurturing. The Act also
protects children from being discriminated on the basis of their parents' disability. It provides for
ensuring that persons with disabilities are provided with information and services related to
contraception, pregnancy, childbirth and nurturing, facilities, materially equal with others. The
Law ensures respect for the rights of persons with disabilities in relation to sexual self-
determination and expression. It prohibits restriction or deprivation with respect to aspects of
their sexuality.
g. Family, Home, Welfare Facilities, Right to Health, Prohibition of Harassment
The Act prohibits discriminatory acts against persons with disabilities in relation to the family,
home and welfare facilities. These include acts that are against their will or interests; exclusion
from decision-making processes; and acts that prevent them from exercising various rights,
among others.
The Law prohibits medical facilities and health-care providers from discriminating against
persons with disabilities in medical undertakings. Governments, medical facilities and health-
care providers are directed to take into account the gender of persons with disabilities in
medical and health-related undertakings.
Harassment in various forms, as described in the Act, is prohibited. The Act provides persons
with disabilities suffering from harassment with various measures such as counseling, treatment
and legal protection.
h. Women and children with disabilities
The Act protects the rights of women with disabilities and prohibits discrimination based on all
grounds in various areas including policy-making and implementation processes; employment;
education and vocational training; among others. Legitimate accommodation is provided in the
workplace for women with disabilities utilizing childcare facilities and services.
The Act protects children with disabilities from discrimination in all aspects of life and ensures
the protection of their rights. It prohibits excluding children with disabilities from mandatory
education, as well as unfavorably treating them on the basis of disability, among others. It has
specific provisions concerning the discrimination against children with cognitive and mental
disabilities.
The National Human Rights Commission is in charge of complaints related to violations of this
Law, as well as initiating investigations where there is probable cause to do so. The Act
provides for the organization, under the Commission, of a Subcommittee on Remedies for
Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities, exclusively in charge of investigation and
rectification of discriminatory acts. Provisions for the compensation for damage; burden of
proof; and penalties related to violations of the Act are stipulated.
ii. Sectoral disability-specific laws and regulations
Early detection, early intervention and education
Act on the Special Education for Individuals with Disabilities and the Like, 2007
[English] – [Korean]
The Act on the Special Education for Individuals with Disabilities and the Like (Republic of
Korea 2007) supercedes the Special Education Promotion Act (1977).
Aimed at ensuring self-reliance, stable livelihoods and expanding social participation of students
with disabilities by providing them with appropriate and equal education opportunities, the Act
clarifies the duty of national and local governments to supply integrated educational environment
(Lee 2009).
Training and employment
Act relating to Employment Promotion, etc. for Disabled Persons, 1991 (revised
in 2000 and renamed Employment Promotion and Vocational Rehabilitation of
Disabled Persons Act)
[English] – [Korean]
The Act relating to Employment Promotion for Disabled Persons (Republic of Korea 1991)
provides for the promotion of employment and vocational rehabilitation to realize valuable life for
persons with disabilities through work.
This Act is made up of 73 articles in 6 parts. Part one is a preamble defining disability, the
responsibility of central and regional governments, and connection between the Ministry of Health
and Welfare and the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development.
Part two is concerned with the promotion of employment for people with disabilities, as well as
vocational rehabilitation services and overall policies. Part three states compulsory hiring of people
with disabilities and expenses. Part four is about the Korea Employment Promotion Agency for the
Disabled, the agency in charge. Part five is finances, and part six is supplementary provision.
Within this law, the employment of people with disabilities is the dual responsibility of both the
Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Ministry of Labor. The Ministry of Health and Welfare
focuses on people with serious disabilities, while the Ministry of Labor deals with all people with
disabilities. One-third of the Disability Employment Promotion Fund, which consists of penalties
imposed on eligible businesses without workers with disabilities, is allotted to vocational
rehabilitation departments in the Ministry of Health and Welfare.
Access to built environments and public transport
Act on the Promotion and Guarantee of Access for the Disabled, the Aged, and
Pregnant Women to Facilities and Information, 1998
[English] – [Korean]
The Act (Republic of Korea 1998) guarantees the rights to access for persons with disabilities,
elderly and pregnant women by identifying targets for providing accessibility features and setting
accessibility standards. Article 10(2) stipulates that an agency in charge of managing relevant
facilities shall provide guidance and supervision as to the installation and operation of convenience
equipment at such facilities.
This Act consists of 29 articles, elaborating on the basic rules for installation of convenience
facilities, accessibility, responsibilities of central and regional governments, standards and target
facilities for installation, responsibilities of facility owners, support for installation, inspection,
necessary documentation, corrective measures, penalties, fines and allotments.
The Ministry of Health and Welfare and the respective local governments are tasked by the Act to
monitor the implementation of the provisions. In cases where any such facilities are in violation of
applicable law, the agency may order the owners of those facilities to take corrective action
including installation and improvement of convenience equipment to ensure compliance with
applicable law.
Act on Mobility Convenience of Mobility Vulnerable, 2005
[English] – [Korean]
The Mobility Convenience Act for the 'mobility disadvantaged' is aimed at increasing mobility
related convenience equipment and installations on transportation and roads to ensure
convenience and safe transportation of the mobility disadvantaged (25 per cent of the total
population).
The Act consists of 34 articles, concerned with establishing a plan to improve convenience for
the mobility disadvantaged.
The Act lays out the responsibilities of the transit industry, and Government transportation
agencies to install and maintain convenience equipment, establish plans to implement specially
designed bus, designate special areas for the mobility disadvantaged in transportation methods,
create a mobility support centre, designate pedestrian priority areas and support for drivers with
disabilities.
Poverty reduction through capacity-building, social security and sustainable
livelihood programmes
Welfare of Persons with Disabilities Act, 1989
[English] – [Korean]
The Welfare Law for Persons with Disabilities (Republic of Korea 1989) serves as the
standard and comprehensive legal instrument of the welfare of persons with disabilities and
clarifies the duty of national and local governments in that respect. The Act provides for measures
on disability prevention, medical care, and educational rehabilitation, promotion of employment and
provision of allowances and stabilization of livelihood.
This Act is made up of 80 articles in 8 parts that deal with specifically with disability provisions. Part
one is a preamble with important themes such as the definition of disability and rights of people
with disabilities. Part two contains specific provisions such as prevention of disabilities, medical,
social and vocational rehabilitation as well as the measures for developing basic policies. Part
three is concerned with registering as a person with disabilities, admission to facilities, disability-
related wages and various support measures. Part four deals with institutional care and the role of
disability organizations. Part five covers a wide range of assistive devices/technologies, which are
deemed critical for welfare and rehabilitation of people with disabilities. Part six consists of specific
guidelines for a variety of disability related professionals. Part seven is supplementary provisions,
and Part eight stipulates the penalties for failing to abide by the Act.
Special Act on the Preferential Purchase of Goods Produced by Persons with
Severe Disabilities, 2008
c) Disability-inclusive laws and regulations
National Human Rights Commission of Korea Act, 2001
[English] – [Korean]
In the definition of “discriminatory act violating the right to equality”, the Act (Republic of
Korea 2001a) includes disability as a basis of the following acts committed without reasonable
cause based on gender, religion, disability, age, social status and region of birth.
Act to Narrow the Digital Divide, 2001
[English] – [Korean]
Consisting of 16 articles, the Act to Narrow the Digital Divide (Republic of Korea 2001) is
aimed at guaranteeing access to information-communication services. The Act provides for the
high-speed information-communication services, support for information-communication machinery,
installation and maintenance of facilities to access information, information education, researching
the status of the digital divide, supplying resources, creation of the Korea Agency for Digital
Opportunity and Promotion and ensure access to information for people of lower socio-economic
status such as people with disabilities, older people, women, as well as people who are without
access due to regional circumstances.
Child Care Act of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, 1991 (last amended in 2005)
[English] – [Korean]
The Child Care Act (Republic of Korea 1991) includes provisions for child care for infants with
disabilities.
3. Policies and plans
a) Disability-specific policies and plans
i. Comprehensive disability-specific policies and plans
Five Year Plan for Disability Welfare
[English] – [Korean]
The Five-Year Disability Policy Development Plan is established every five year by Ministries
under the National Coordination Committee on Disability chaired by the Prime Minister. The policy
objectives of third five-year plan are a) advancement of disability welfare regime, b) promotion of
disability education and culture, c) expansion of economic activities of persons with disabilities and
d) promotion of social participation of persons with disabilities (Lee 2009).
ii. Sectoral disability-specific policies and plans
According to the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Family Affairs disability policies in
Korea include the following:
1. “Strengthening capabilities for persons with disabilities
1. work to continuously expand jobs for persons with disabilities in public
organizations including local governments to provide them with more employment
opportunities
1. support ‘welfare jobs’ for persons with disabilities including cleaning
and mail sorting
2. support Community Centers and companies to hire persons with
disabilities
2. work to discover jobs appropriate for each type of disabilities
3. expand vocational rehabilitation facilities for persons with severe disabilities
to provide them with employment and protection
4. expand vocational training, in particular, for women with disabilities by
supporting basic learning, computer skills and license obtainment
5. increase support for assistive devices for persons with disabilities to develop
them into a future advanced industry
1. work to implement a pilot case management project to ensure that
persons with disabilities use assistive devices appropriate for the types of disabilities
they have
2. establish a statistical database and implement a certification system
for quality control of assistive devices
1. Expanding care services for persons and children with disabilities
1. provide personal assistance services for 72 hours per month on average for
25,000 persons with the most severe disabilities
1. support everyday activities and housework
2. provide rehabilitation vouchers for 18,000 children with disabilities under 18,
which allow them to have selective rehabilitation treatment including linguistic treatment
3. provide support for families with children with disabilities
1. provide respite care by sending a qualified helper to families with
children with disabilities
2. organize camps and self-support groups
4. implement a pilot project in 2009 to introduce the Long-term Care Insurance
for Persons with Disabilities
1. support physical activities, housework and nursing
2. in operation for 600 persons with disabilities in six areas across the
country
1. Income security
1. provide allowance for persons and children with disabilities
1. Children with Disabilities Allowance for children with disabilities under
18
2. Disability Allowance for low-income persons with disabilities aged 18
and above
2. work to introduce the Basic Pension for Persons with Severe Disabilities
1. The pension for low-income persons with severe disabilities will be
provided from July 2010
3. strengthen the Preferential Purchase of Goods Produced by Persons with
Severe Disabilities: The enforcement of the Special Act on the Preferential Purchase of
Goods Produced by Persons with Severe Disabilities in 2008 strengthened the
requirement on public organizations.
1. Strengthening social participation and rights protection
1. public relations and monitoring of the Act on Anti-Discrimination and Rights
Remedies for the Disabled (in effect from 2008)
1. build the monitoring system to improve oversight of discrimination
against persons with disabilities (in the first half of 2009) and starting monitoring (in the
second half of 2009)
2. Work for the effective implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the
Persons with Disabilities
1. develop monitoring evaluation kits (2009), write Country reports for
submission to the
3. work to revise relevant laws and regulations to expand convenient facilities
for persons with disabilities after investigating all such facilities in 2008
1. investigation conducted every five years, for 107,000 facilities in
2008
2. convenient facilities. Capacity of convenient facilities for persons with
disabilities: 47.4 per cent (1998) ⇒ 77.5 per cent (2008)
Creating the foundation for rehabilitation and Independent Living
improve functions and services of residential facilities: make each facility take care of
smaller number of persons with disabilities and improve services they provide
1. (after 2009) new facilities to house 30 or smaller number of persons with disabilities, more
group homes for persons with disabilities
support independent living of persons with severe disabilities through Centers for
Independent Living
establish rehabilitation hospitals in six regions to help persons with disabilities receive
rehabilitation services necessary for types of disabilities they have.” (Korea 2009)
b) Disability-inclusive policies and plans
..
4. Institutional framework and Government focal point
Prime Minister's Office
The Prime Minister's Office is the main focal point in the Government. A Disability Policy
Coordinating Body has been organized under the Prime Minister’s Office composed of
representatives from various Ministries, disability non-governmental organizations and self-help
organizations of persons with disabilities.
Ministry of Health, Welfare and Family Affairs
The Ministry of Health, Welfare and Family Affairs is comprised of eight bureaus including the
Bureau of Policy for Persons with Disabilities. There are three teams under the Bureau of Policy for
Persons with Disabilities – Disability Policy team, Independence Supporting team, Rights and
Interest Supporting team.
National Human Rights Commission for Korea
The National Human Rights Commission for Korea is national advocacy institution for human
rights protection which is independent from the Executive. There is ‘Disability Discrimination
committee’ under the Commission as a sub-committee, and in the Investigation Bureau under the
Secretariat, the Disability Discrimination Investigation Team is responsible for the investigation of
disability discrimination.
Website: www.humanrights.go.kr/english/information/legal_materials_01.jsp
Welfare Coordination Committee for Persons with Disabilities
Following an inter-ministerial policy approach, the Prime Minister, Ministers of 17 Government
Departments, and 7 leaders of disability welfare organizations participate in the Disability Welfare
Coordinating Committee. In addition, the activities of this Committee have been supported further
by the creation of a Working Group. Also, to manage affairs of disability welfare outside the capital
in various regions, the Regional Disability Welfare Regulation Committee was decided to be
created in 2004.
The Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs is in charge of policies for persons with
disabilities. However, other Ministries and agencies have their own policies for persons with
disabilities where the work under their jurisdictions involves such persons. For example, the
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the Ministry of Labor implement education and
employment policies respectively for persons with disabilities (Korea 2009).
5. Useful links
Disability Discrimination Act Solidarity in Korea
www.ddask.net
Human Rights Forum for Persons with Disabilities in Korea
www.ableforum.com
Korea Differently Abled Federation
www.kodaf.or.kr
Korea Differently Abled Women United
www.kdawu.org
Korea Federation of Organizations of the Disabled
www.kofod.or.kr
Solidarity of Anti Disability Discrimination
www.sadd.or.kr
6. References
Korean Society of Persons with Disabilities & RI Korea (2005). “Korean NGO Report Disability-
specific legislations: Current level of implementation of BMF and Views on proposed Convention in
Korea”, accessed from www.worldenable.net/convention2005/papekoreai.htm on 6 October 2010.
Lee, Ick-Seop (2009). “A Study on Domestic Legislative Measure Disabilities and Their
Harmonization with CRPD in Republic of Korea”, paper presented at the Expert Group Meeting on
the Harmonization of National Legislations with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with
Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific 8-10 June 2009, Bangkok.
Republic of Korea (1987). Constitution of the Republic of Korea, accessed
from http://korea.assembly.go.kr/res/low_01_read.jsp?boardid=1000000035 on 9 March 2011.
_______ (1989). Welfare of Persons with Disabilities Act, accessed from
www.unescap.org/esid/psis/disability/decade/publications/z15007le/z1500746.htm#korea on 9
March 2011.
_______ (1990). Employment Promotion and Vocational Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities
Act, accessed from
http://wallis.kezenfogva.iif.hu/eu_konyvtar/Projektek/Vocational_Rehabilitiation/korea/kor_rap/leg_
1.htm on 9 June 2009.
_______ (1991). Child Care Act, accessed
from www.kicce.re.kr/english/data/Child%20Care%20Act.pdf on 9 March 2011.
_______ (1994). Special Education Promotion Law, accessed from
www.unescap.org/esid/psis/disability/decade/publications/z15007le/z1500748.htm#koreaC on 9
March 2011.
_______ (1998). Act on the Promotion and Guarantee of Access for the Disabled, the Aged, and
Pregnant Women to Facilities and Information, accessed
from www.humanrights.go.kr/english/activities/view_01.jsp?board_id=Press%20Releases&seqid=1
05 on 9 March 2011.
_______(2001a). National Human Rights Commission of Korea Act.
_______(2001b). Act to Narrow the Digital Divide.
_______ (2005). Act on Mobility Convenience of Mobility Vulnerable.
_______ (2007a). Anti-discrimination against and Remedies for Persons with Disabilities Act,
accessed from www.humanrights.go.kr/english/information/legal_materials_05.jsp on 9 March
2011.
_______ (2007b). “Estimated Number of Persons with Disabilities”,Statistics/Information and
Resources (National Human Rights Commission of Korea), accessed
from www.humanrights.go.kr/english/information/statistics_01.jsp#o on 9 March 2011.
_______ (2009). Ministry for Heath, Welfare, and Family Affairs, electronic communication with
ESCAP.
Last updated: 16 March 2011.
