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Countdown 2010
Sebastian Winkler
The World Conservation Union
IUCN – International Union for the Conservation of Nature
Biodiversity = Life on Earth
Species,
Genes and
Ecosystems
The World Conservation Union
Drivers of BD Loss
• Land-use change and other habitat
transformation;
• The rapidly increasing impacts of climate
change.
• The introduction of invasive alien
species;
• Desertification and degradation in dry
and sub-humid lands;
• The multiple drivers of change to inland
water ecosystems;
• Increasing nutrient loading in
ecosystems, and;
• The consequences of over-fishing
The World Conservation Union
16 EU Headlines
ECOSYSTEM INTEGRITY, GOODS SUSTAINABLE USE
AND SERVICES • Area of ecosystems under
• Marine trophic index sustainable management
• Connectivity/fragmentation of –Forest
ecosystems –Agriculture
• Water quality in aquatic –Fishery
–Aquaculture
ecosystems
• Ecological footprint
+ Funding to biodiversity
+ Public awareness & participation
+ Patent applications
STATUS AND TRENDS OF THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY
COMPONENTS OF BIODIVERSITY • Nitrogen deposition
• Trends in extent of selected biomes, • Numbers and costs of invasive
ecosystems, habitats alien species (Trends in invasive
• Coverage of protected areas
alien species)
• Trends in abundance and distribution of
selected species • Impact of climate change
• Change in status of threatened and/or
protected species
• Trends in genetic diversity of
domesticated animals, cultivated plants,
fish species of major socioeconomic
The World Conservation Union
importance
1. Abundance and distribution of selected species 14. Fragmentation of river systems
15. Nutrients in transitional, coastal and marine
2. Red List Index for European species
… and 26 specific indicators waters
3. Species of European interest 16. Freshwater quality
4. Ecosystem coverage 17. Forest: Growing stock, increment and fellings
5. Habitats of European interest 18. Forest: Deadwood
6. Livestock genetic diversity 19. Agriculture: Nitrogen balance
20. Agriculture: Area under management practices
7. Nationally designated protected areas
potentially supporting biodiversity
8. Sites designated under the EU Habitats and Birds
21. Fisheries: European commercial fish stocks
Directives
22. Aquaculture: Effluent water quality from finfish
9. Critical load exceedance for nitrogen
farms
10. Invasive alien species in Europe 23. Ecological Footprint of European countries
24. Patent applications based on genetic
11. Occurrence of temperature-sensitive species
resources
12. Marine Trophic Index of European seas 25. Financing biodiversity management
13. Fragmentation of natural and semi-natural areas 26. Public awareness
The World Conservation Union
Global terrestrial biodiversity development by major biomes, from 1700 to 2050
COPI : MSA statistics indicate that in the “Policy Inaction” scenario :-
Global objective (significant reduction in rate of loss) unlikely by 2050
Stricter European goal (halting further loss ) unlikely by 2050
The World Conservation Union
Level of Biodiversity in the World in 2000
Using Mean Species Abundance (MSA) indicator
Remaining MSA in %
The World Conservation Union
Source: Ben ten Brink (MNP) presentation at the Workshop: The Economics of the Global Loss of Biological Diversity 5-6 March 2008, Brussels, Belgium.
Level of Biodiversity in the World in 2050
One Scenario of the future : OECD/Globio
Remaining MSA in %
The World Conservation Union
Source: Ben ten Brink (MNP) presentation at the Workshop: The Economics of the Global Loss of Biological Diversity 5-6 March 2008, Brussels, Belgium.
(COPI, Fig 4.2 ) Rate of yearly terrestrial biodiversity loss (MSA %-points) for different
periods. Mean Species Abundance (MSA) 2000 and Predictions 2050
The World Conservation Union
A load of
issues…
and few easy
answers
The World Conservation Union
The 2010 Biodiversity Target
“that biodiversity decline should be
halted with the aim of reaching this
objective by 2010“
Presidency Conclusions of the
EU Summit in Göteborg, 2001
“to achieve, by 2010, a significant
reduction of the current rate of
biodiversity loss at the global,
regional and national levels as a
contribution to poverty alleviation
and to the benefit of all life on earth”
Decision VI/26 CBD Strategic Plan 2002
The World Conservation Union
World leaders agreed to
several other important targets
at the 2005 World Summit. I
recommend the incorporation of
these commitments into the
Millennium Development
Goals. This includes: [...] a new
target under Goal 7: to
“Significantly reduce the rate of
loss of biodiversity by 2010”.
Kofi Annan, Sept 1, 2006
The World Conservation Union
Biodiversity as a local issue
Regions and Municipalities are
active partners of the
Countdown 2010 network
Business is engaging around the
2010 challenge
More than 700 partners working
on the 2010 target
The movement is spreading to …
– Finland; Hungary; Italy; The
Netherlands; Norway; Portugal;
Sweden; UK
– Asia, South America, Southern
Africa
… Conservation Union
The World and you?
Europe: Countdown 2010
European Commission:
Biodiversity
Communication and Action
Plan
Presidencies focus on
specific issues
– Climate Change
– Development Cooperation
– Marine Conservation
– Business and Biodiversity
The World Conservation Union
The 2010 Biodiversity Target: There are limits
The 2010 Biodiversity
Target
is hard to measure
fails to set priorities
is negatively phrased
The World Conservation Union
Convention on Biological Diversity: Focal Areas
Reducing the rate of loss of the components
of biodiversity
Promoting sustainable use of biodiversity
Addressing the major threats to biodiversity
Maintaining ecosystem integrity
Protecting traditional knowledge, innovations
and practices;
Ensuring the fair and equitable sharing of
benefits arising out of the use of genetic
resources
Mobilizing financial and technical resources
The World Conservation Union
European Union: Priority Objectives
Safeguard the EU's most important habitats and species.
Protect biodiversity and ecosystem services in the
wider EU countryside and marine environment.
Improve compatibility of regional and territorial development
with biodiversity in the EU.
Reduce the impact of invasive alien species and alien genotypes.
Improve international governance and EU external assistance.
Reduce the impact of international trade
Support biodiversity adaptation to climate change.
Strengthen the knowledge base for conservation and sustainable use
Ensure adequate financing
Strengthen EU decision–making
Build partnerships, public education, awareness and participation
The World Conservation Union
It’s not too late to achieve something by 20101
• Complete negotiations on • Consolidate the Protected Areas
Access and Benefit Sharing Systems
• Protect Traditional Knowledge • Consolidate Sustainable Forest
Management
• Finance the implementation of
the CBD • Value the conservation of natural
ecosystems
• Finance Global Environment
Facility • Define adaptation and mitigation
strategies to climate change
• Continue to mainstream • Optimize global environmental
biodiversity governance
1 as proposed by Trondheim/UN Conference on Biodiversity, November 2007
The World Conservation Union
What can be done by 2010?
In ‘Absent-Minded Killers’, Sachs outlines five 2010
Achievables
• Outlaw bottom-trawling;
• Establish a rainforest conservation fund to pay small farmers to
preserve the forest (REDD);
• Designate a global network of protected marine areas;
• Create a regular scientific process on species abundance and
extinction (IPBES);
• Negotiate a new framework to slow human-induced climate
change (post Kyoto 2012).
The World Conservation Union
The World Conservation Union
The 2010 Biodiversity Target: What we’ve achieved so far
200
• 2010 Strategic Plan
• International Year for Biodiversity,
160
CBD CoP10, Heads of State
Summit
120
• Biodiversity Target in MDG and G8
Number
(Postdam initiative, Kobe Call) Parties
• CoP9 Results: Criteria for high sea 80 NBSAPs
PAs, Business, IGPB, Finance, Cities, revisions
ABS, moratorium on ocean fertilization,
40
biodiversity integration into climate
change adaptation and mitigation
• Towards a global public private 0
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
partnership for biodiversity:
Countdown 2010 Initiative Year
Figure 1: The status of preparation and revision of NBSAPs, 2008
The World Conservation Union
The Countdown 2010 Objectives
Encourage and support the full
implementation of all the existing
binding international commitments Partnerships
and necessary actions to save
biodiversity;
Demonstrate clearly what progress
Europe makes in meeting the 2010 Assessment
biodiversity target.
Gain maximum public attention across
Europe for the challenge of saving Communication
biodiversity by 2010.
The World Conservation Union
Countdown 2010 – a multiregional model?
Europe Russia
Canada
China
Lower Japan
Middle East
Mekong
South
800+ Partners
America Southern
• 30 Governments
• 42 Government Agencies Africa
• 300 Cities & Regions
• 50 Businesses
• 16 Academic Institutions
• 300 Civil Society Organizations
The World Conservation Union
The power of
the 2010 biodiversity target
Linking up to new constituencies
and agendas
– Business and Cities
– Climate Change and Poverty
New focus for the conservation
community
– A common objective, a multitude
of strategies
– The power of cooperation
beyond individual institutions
– Let’s move from words to action!
The World Conservation Union
The 2010 Biodiversity Target: There are limits
The 2010 Biodiversity Target
• Raised the political bar
• Generated funding
• Awareness
But
• is hard to measure
• fails to set priorities
• is negatively phrased
The World Conservation Union
To keep up the political momentum while also enabling real progress:
Nagoya could adopt a 2015/2020/50 target which is:
• Ambitious but realistic
• Easy to measure
• Easy to communicate
• Positive
(not about reducing loss)
• Aligned with other international targets
• Agreed at the highest level – by
Heads of State, but formulated bottom
up.
• Supported by actions/targets/indicators
at regional level
The World Conservation Union
Beyond 2010: The future for biodiversity should
1. Recognise the intrinsic value of all species
2. Restore what is degraded
3. Recognise it’s vital for quality of life
4. Value ecosystem services and benefits
5. Fast track finance facility coupled with endowment fund for
Biomimicry
6. Strengthen science and policy interface (International Platform on
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services)
7. Biodiversity Offsets (link carbon, water and biodiversity credits)
The World Conservation Union
Many more issues still need addressing:
Financing Sustainable use
Knowledge Climate change
Marine conservation Invasive species
And: Local/Regional should be involved!
The World Conservation Union
Beyond 2010: The future for biodiversity should
5. promote a Green
Economy:
one that properly values
natural resources, is
sustainable
and that isn’t growth at
any environmental cost
The World Conservation Union
There are plenty of deadlines before and after 2010…
2008 – CBD COP9, WCC, CMS COP9, Ramsar
COP10, UNFCCC COP14
2009 – UNFCCC, Copenhagen (post Kyoto include REDD)
2010 – CBD COP10, Nagoya, Intern. Year of
Biodiversity
2012 – Kyoto, WSSD. Marine protected areas
2015 – MDG’s
2020/50 – Climate Targets
The World Conservation Union
Thriving
Beyond 2010: We want biodiversity to be
Rich Abundant
Thriving
…and most importantly: diverse
The World Conservation Union
If it is not now – when?
If it is not us – who?
and if not together – how?
www.countdown2010.net
The World Conservation Union
