Tactical Report Writing
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Introduction to Report
Writing
Part One
Code Compliance Division
“Writing is easy. All you have to do is stare at a
blank sheet of paper until drops of blood form
on your forehead.”
Gene Fowler
Introduction
Which of the tools that have been made
available to you is the most effective one for
you?
Did you say?
Pen or writing instrument
You are right!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Importance of Report Writing
Regarding Ethics
The lapse between Reports reflection upon
initial visit and court the organization
Report reflects upon the It is the documentation
professionalism of the and accountability of
investigator the investigators actions
Course Objectives
The student will be able to define the importance and
purpose of good writing skills as they apply to report
writing for the job.
The student will become familiar with the definition of
written reports
The student will understand and demonstrate effective
written communication skills
The student will understand the importance of field
notes and effective observation skills
The student will understand the characteristics of
written reports
The student will review and familiarize himself with
Code Compliance Standards and policy regarding
written case documentation
Written Report
Written record of facts and/or circumstances
of findings that have been observed or given
as a verbal statement during an investigation
Usually presented in chronological order
Government Document Defined
Anything belonging to, received by, or kept by
government for information, including a court
record.
Tampering with Governmental
Record
(a) A person commits an offense if he:
(1) knowingly makes a false entry in, or
false alteration of, a governmental
record.
Class A Misdemeanor
Examples of False Statements
Claiming actions of others
I found the signs in the Right of Way
I left a door hanger on the site.
Claiming actions never taken
I went to site took photo s of repairs to the
house.
City Code of Conduct
The City of Austin has many rules and
policies designed to protect both the
organization and its employees. These
rules and policies are in the form of
administrative bulletins, personnel
policies, and the City's Code of Ethics.
City employees are expected to work in
compliance with these rules and policies.
Consequences
Possible days off
Termination
Criminal charges
Low performance SSPR = PIP
QUIZ Time
Components of a sentence
Adjective
Adverb
Noun
Preposition
Verb
Pronoun
Punctuations
Adjective
A word that typically describes or modifies the
meaning of a noun.
Adjectives serve to point out the quality of
something named ( a brave inspector; a new
car
It serves to indicate quantity or extent (some
reports)
Adjectives specify something distinct from
something else (this site; those violations)
Adverb
A word or combination of words typically
serving as a modifier of a verb, an adjective,
another adverb, a preposition, a phrase, a
clause, or a sentence and it expresses some
sense of manner or quality, place, time,
degree, number, cause, opposition,
affirmation or denial. Adverbs answer
questions such as:
Adverbs
When ? ( “please reply at once”)
How long? (The resolution is taking forever”)
Where? (“ The fence stands there”)
In what direction? ((“Put the sign backwards”)
How ? (“The inspector moved quickly on the
complaint”)
To what degree? (“The neighbor was very angry”)
Nouns
A word that is the name of something
(person, animal, place, object, quality,
concept or action)
“The investigator received a case”
Preposition
A word that combines with a noun, pronoun,
or noun equivalent to form a phrase that
usually acts as an adverb, adjective or noun.
(“The inspector expected deception on the
violators part”)
(“ The owner stood beside the inspector”)
Verb
Words used to express an act, occurrence, or
mode of being.
(“The water ran from the front yard”)
The owner panicked when he received the
citation.”)
Pronoun
A word that is used as a substitute for a noun
or noun equivalent
(“Who is she?”)
Punctuation
Period = the stop sign for the written word.
Comma = the yield sign for the written word.
Quote Marks = use when you are quoting
someone word-for-word.
Question mark = use when the request for an
answer is required
Introduction to Report Writing
Part Two
Code Compliance
Spelling Quiz 2
Characteristics of a Sentence
A sentence is a group of words that
expresses a complete thought
It typically contains both a subject and a
predicate, begins with a capital letter, and
ends with a punctuation mark
A sentence should be short, simple and
concise.
It should be unmistakably clear to the reader
Worlds Longest Run On Sentence
I would also like to take this opportunity to update my already-filed
criminal-law complaint I’ve already filed with Officer NoName and the
Austin Police Department by asking you whether you yourself have any
advice you might be willing to offer me through a brief E-mail reply on
how I can legally help to put an end here in Austin to repeated and very
toxic rumors I’ve heard in Austin throughout the last three-year period
to the effect that one or more of the persons and entities I’ve already
permanently rejected from my own life in a manner verbalized to
themselves including the “Texas Triangle” gay newspaper, a Dan Hitt,
A Bob Copeland (whose most recent address I have not been able to
obtain), a Howard Goldberg, an Eric Schwarz, a Chris Dale, a Jann
Snell Schwab, a Howard Miller, a Charlie Runnels, an Angie Way, an
Arthur Rauche, a Christen Pistulka, a Kevin Diaz, a Larry Deemer, a
Kathy Cabble, a John Miller-Carrasco, a Greg Rutchik, a Sarah
Goodfriend, a Suzanne Bryant, an Arnold Wong, a Max Alberts, a
McDonald Smith Jr., an Andrew McGavran, a Carol See, a Dr. Dana
Wollney, a Roland Klose, a Sam Hurt, a Dr. Susan Reynolds
Harrington, a Michael Stephens, and possibly my sister, Julie McMillan
Lechtenberger of Houston ---- have impinged upon or currently impinge
upon my own privacy rights in any way and/or continue to seek to have
an involvement or legal status or employer or employee status or
marital status of any sort in my own life.
What is the Importance of Complete
Sentences in Written Communication
Your written communication will be one of the factors
used to evaluate your competency as a code
enforcement investigator
Your written communication may be seen by a
diverse audience (agency, courts, the public)
Your written communication may serve as a source
document for judicial and administrative proceedings
Problems with Sentence Construction
People often speak in incomplete sentences.
If we don’t understand them how do we get
the right information?
Written communications must state complete
thoughts to ensure the reader understands
the authors meaning.
Sentence Fragments and Run on
Sentences
When someone writes the way he talks two
errors MAY occur
Sentence fragments
Example “An unscreened RV”
Run on sentences
Example “The tire collection program was a
success we gathered over 500 old tires.”
Practice Sentences
1. Had melted in the summer heat.
2. Zoning violations are my favorite cases I research
them all the time.
3. The abandoned vehicle in the driveway.
4. I was out in the heat all day my head is killing me.
5. Mrs Smith, the complainant, always calls in on her
neighbor.
6. Lightning struck the house.
7. Seeing the ROW blocked.
8. That easy case.
Modifiers
A modifier is a word or set of words that
qualifies or limits another set of words.
A misplaced modifier is one that attaches
itself to the wrong word or words in the
sentence. This can present the reader with
an unintended meaning.
Ex:
Incorrect- We saw many carts in the road
driving in the area.
Correct- While driving in the area, we saw
many carts in the road.
Double Negative
When two negative words are used in the
same clause, the result is a double negative
The following negative terms should be used
one at a time not in pairs; no, not, never,
none, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere and
neither.
Incorrect: Nobody saw nothing
Correct: Nobody saw anyone.
Incorrect: There is not no time left
Correct: There is no time left.
Double Negative
The following words are negative in meaning
and should not be used in the same clause
with any of the negative words previously
listed words. They are barely, scarcely and
hardly
Incorrect: I can’t hardly see the sign in this
vacant lot.
Correct: I can hardly see the sign in this
vacant lot.
Passive Voice:
When the verb is in the active voice the
subject performs the action.
Example: “The pile of trash offended the
complainant.”
When the verb is in the passive voice, the
subject receives the action.
Example: The complainant was offended by
the pile of trash”
Quotation Marks
Quotation marks help enclose direct
quotations, but not indirect quotations. When
quoting someone’s exact words you must use
quotation marks.
Example: “Carl yawned and said “Let’s go.”
If not quoting verbatim, do not use quotation
marks.
Example: Carl yawned and said that we
should go.
Slang, Jargon, and Non Standard
Abbreviations
Unless it is being quoted for a purpose (e.g.;
a statement made by a complainant), DO
NOT use slang or jargon.
Examples;
Slang - The man said someone trashed his
yard.
Corrected - The man said someone threw
trash in his yard.
Quoted – The man said someone “trashed” his
yard.
Slang, Jargon, and Non Standard
Abbreviations
Jargon: I had the ADM 10-21 me regarding
the case.
Correction: I had John Smith call me by
phone regarding the case.
If a non standard abbreviation is used it must
first be preceded by the full word. For
example:
The investigator located the name of the
registered owner in the Travis Central
Appraisal District (TCAD) listings. TCAD is
located in Austin, Texas.
Field Notes
Brief notations concerning specific events
and circumstances that are recorded while
fresh in the investigators mind and used to
prepare a report or affidavit.
Uses of a field note
Provides basis for reports in Amanda, CC
track or affidavits
Reduces need to re contact interested parties
involved
Provides greater accuracy relative to time,
statements, and events than memory alone
YARD PHOTO
Introduction to Report Writing
Part Three
Code Compliance
Observation and Descriptive Skills
The better an investigator sees things the
better the investigator can describe them
Use all 5 senses in observation – sight, smell,
hearing touch and taste
Descriptive skills
Investigators must be able to describe
people, places and things by using specific,
clear and vivid language. Believe it or not this
takes practice.
The Box Test
The Box
The Box
Descriptive - people
Describing people is the most difficult. In our
investigations of complaints we should always note
the characteristics of the persons you are dealing
with such as their manner of speaking, their
movements or what they are carrying.
Don’t’ just say they were upset. Describe why you
feel this way
Example – “They raised their voice when they told
me to get out of the yard. I noticed the owners fist
was balled up as he waved it towards me.”
Descriptive - places
Places should be described beginning at one
point then proceeding in one direction, such
as left to right or top to bottom. This ensures
the description is thorough and systematic.
The goal: Paint a picture with your words
Descriptive - things
Look for all distinguishing marks and anything
that might be compared or related to a
commonly known thing or idea. Look for
color, size, shape, texture, location and type.
“The pool had weeds over two feet tall near
the sidewalk area. The water was a dark
green in color and several groups of dark
bugs were on top of the murky water.”
So what doe we want to include in our
narratives?
WHO?
WHAT?
WHEN?
WHERE?
WHY?
HOW?
WHO?
Who means complainants, owners, residents,
tenants, witnesses, interested parties, ADM’s,
leads
What?
Type of violations exist if any at all, what
property or portion of the property is the
concern, what statements are being made by
parties involved,
When?
Date of initial inspections, follow up
inspections, or any date pertinent to case
such as court cases, date of affidavit being
filed, citation or warning dates, meetings with
owners, contractors or tenants, etc.
Where?
Exact location of violation
Right of Way cut reference points
Type of site such as dwelling, vacant lot or
commercial
Zoning information
Location of signs
Why?
Any evidence supporting the violation or that
would dismiss the violation
Record of facts
Coordination of follow up
Reference material should be cited
Bases for prosecution or affidavit
How?
Did the violation occur
Individuals of concern are involved in the
case
Did you determine supporting information for
the violation
Did you determine no violation existed
8 Essential Criteria’s of a Good Report
Accurate
Concise
Complete
Clear
Legible
Objective
Grammatically correct
Correct spelling
Common Types of Code Compliance
Reports
C C Track
AMANDA
Affidavits
ROW request
BSC request
AMANDA Tips
Please keep special characters to a minimum
in your log entries because of the problems
that could occur when generating a Case
History or NOV.
AMANDA Tip
If you are trying to generating a Case History
or NOV and receive a Visual Basic error
message review the characters within the
case documentation (manually entered text)
listed below and remove them from the
documentation.
Close the Visual Basic error messages and
windows.
Update the case so the corrected text takes
effect and then regenerate the Case History
or NOV.
Rule of Thumb for all Documentation
in AMANDA
If you use a sentence format, use the upper –
case for emphasis (violator was ANGRY)
instead of quotation marks. If you use all
upper –case for your entries, use lower case
for emphasis (VIOLATOR WAS angry)
Spell out measurements such as
feet(‘)inches( “), percent(%), or less than(<)
Write out grammatical symbols such as and
(&) or at (@)
Rule of Thumb for all Documentation
in AMANDA
Do not use multiple special characters
together, such as -*.” or )”.
Do not add extra lines or spaces to an entry
Do not use / or ( )within a sentence
Definitions
Chronological order – arrangement of
information in order of occurrence
Chronological order
Order in which events happened
At 10 a.m. today, I received a call of a cart in
the roadway in the 100 block of W. 1st St.
When I arrived at 10:30 a.m., I spoke with
Tom Catt at 102 W. 1st St. Catt told me . . .
Definitions
Categorical – arrangement of information by
category
“ I spoke to the complainant, Tom Catt, who
advised me the carts were always in the
roadway after 3pm. Went to the location for
an initial inspection and observed the cart in
the road in front of residence. I then
contacted the resident and issued a warning.
The cart was removed to its proper storage
area.”
3 basic types of information necessary
in code compliance reports.
Identification of the persons involved,
vehicles or property description
Narrative description of the offense or
incident
Elements of the violation or probable case
Body of Report - The Narrative
Transitional phrase to ease reader to Body of
Report
When I arrived at 715 E. 8th Street, I met
with…
Body of Report - The Narrative
Use details
When I arrived at 715 E. 8th Street, I met with
owner Sally Bandaid. I advised her that I was
there to investigate the complaint of a large
trash pile on the front porch. She told me her
boyfriend had put old newspapers and paint
cans there yesterday. She also said that
someone had been hired to remove the pile of
junk from the front porch this weekend.
Bandaid told me she would see the trash was
removed in the next three days.
Body of Report - The Narrative
Be specific
Mr. Amber said he saw someone in a blue car
pullover next to the vacant lot across the street
from 111 Blue St. One person he has never
seen before took out several black plastic
bags from the trunk of the car and he tossed
them into the vacant lot.
Instead of: Complainant said someone
dumped trash in the vacant lot.
Body of Report - The Narrative
Include pertinent info Explain any action you
from witnesses, took at the scene
complainants (issued citation,
Tell what you did with warning, left door
any evidence found that hanger etc)
would help your case If measurements are
Paint the picture to your taken of a particular
reader, describe the violation include the
conditions of the site. measurements in your
narrative
Separate Fact from Opinions
Unless required, investigators opinions should not be
included in any reports. Anything other than facts
must be labeled as such to avoid any possible
confusion.
Show me. Don’t tell me. Let facts lead the reader to
his/her own conclusions.
While speaking to Ms. Wilson about her tall plants in
the right of way, she told me they were native plants
and they were rare in nature. This was her reason for
not trimming the vegetation.
NOT: Ms. Wilson had planted some tall weeds in the
right of way and refused to cut the vegetation down to
comply with code ordinances.
Writing Style
Active voice
I wrote the owner a warning.
Why active voice?
Easier to read
Easier to write
Eliminates confusion
Passive voice
The owner was given a warning.
Don’t use it!!
Harder to write
Plants doubt in the reader’s mind
Red flag for defense attorneys
Writing Style
Use your natural voice.
I saw stagnant water in the pool.
Versus
I observed dormant liquid in the swimming pool.
Use simple language everyone is likely to understand
Writing Style
Commonly misspelled words
Be aware of your own vocabulary.
Writing Style
Short Paragraphs
Easy for writer to add forgotten information
Easier to read
Easy to review before testifying
Best Short Story
How NOT to Write a Report
Standards for Case Documentation
Review of Code Enforcement Division
Enforcement Standards Part 1 Section C
Standards For Case Documentation
Section III
Documentation of Field Investigations
Standards for Case Documentation
Documentation of Field Investigations
Case documentation includes the initial hand-written notes and
other documents that you use or receive in the course of your
investigation. All of these documents should be kept in the file
for the particular case.
Utilize the appropriate case printouts, checklists, worksheets
or other investigation notes to record pertinent details of the
field investigation.
Collect and file all documents relating to the investigation,
especially those given to the investigator in the field. Those
documents may include deeds, leases, photos taken by third
parties, engineer’s reports, floor plans, and print-outs from
different investigation databases, e.g. TCAD records or GIS
maps.
When appropriate, collect and maintain business cards from
persons who may be associated with the complaint, such as
managers, employees, property managers, engineers,
contractors, or businesses.
Standards for Case Documentation
Documentation in Database Case Log
Case documentation in applicable database logs shall
communicate sufficient information regarding the event being
documented. While this documentation is for the
investigator’s use, it is also for Department’s use in keeping
accurate records of case histories and for evidence needed
in its enforcement actions. The spell-check function
available in all databases shall be utilized when spelling is in
doubt in order to avoid errors and abbreviations are not
acceptable.
Document all case activities in appropriate database within
(1) business day of the activity.
The databases generally include ownership/person
information, investigator’s log, findings, violations cited, and
notices information.
Standards for Case Documentation
Initial Investigation Findings
Initial investigation findings shall be
documented in the investigator’s log and
violations cited sections of the databases.
In the violations cited log, include:
List of all of the violations identified on the site.
Reference particular Code sections violated.
Standards for Case Documentation
In the investigator’s log, include:
Date. The date of the investigation.
Time. If violations include particular time violations, make
sure to note the time. For example, for carts left at curb,
document the time of day you observed the cart.
Site conditions/violations. Description of site
condition's), including a statement regarding the
existence of violation(s) or lack of evidence of a
violation. If the violations are included in the violation
log, reference the log for more information.
Details of violations. If the violations report is not specific
as to the actual nature of the observed violations, detail the
information in the inspector’s log.
Standards for Case Documentation
Measurements. For violations that require
particular measurements, identify the actual
measurements made. For example, high weeds
were over 14” tall.
Investigator’s actions taken at site. Include:
Communication with individuals associated with the
case. See section (C.) in the Documentation in
Database Case Log;
Taking photos; and
Identification of field issued notices posted on the
property or given to the person.
Standards for Case Documentation
Person Identification. When recording
communications with persons, include as much
identifying information about the person as possible,
including name, phone number, address, and email
address. Include the relationship of the person to
the case, e.g., tenant, attorney, owner, neighbor,
APD officer.
Do not use the term “owner” or other titles without
including the actual name of the person talked to. If
you do not know the name of the person, record
that you talked to an unnamed individual and
include some identifying information, such as,
“person claimed they lived next door at 4001 E.
Parmer.” If they request anonymity, state you
talked to a person who requested anonymity.
Standards for Case Documentation
Permission to enter property. Report any
permission to enter the property or adjacent
properties including the name of the person and
contact information of who gave you permission
to enter the property. If the neighbor wants to
remain anonymous, put that in the record but
explain that any photos taken will be public
records.
Standards for Case Documentation
Additional information. Record information that
will refresh your memory about investigation.
Additionally record any unusual information that is
unique to this investigation. This includes:
Admissions or statements by violator and the attitude
of persons talked to;
Other persons present at site;
Statements made by other persons;
New ownership information;
Use of APD to investigate;
Presence of dogs or other potential safety issues; or
Other information particular to this complaint
Examples of Acceptable
Investigation Documentation:
“Verified dangerous structural conditions at site
resulting from heavy fire damage as noted in the
violations report. Measured openings for emergency
closure request. See worksheet in the file. Posted
dangerous sign. Photos of sign and violations taken.”
“Met tenant, Jane Doe, at unit #103 (974-2000). She
has two minor children (ages 3 and 5). Verified
substandard conditions as noted in violations report.
She expressed concern that the owner may retaliate
against her. Told her that the owner would be notified
within 7 days of the violation. Gave her my card and
told her how to follow-up on the complaint.”
Examples
“High weeds over 14” tall found in front yard. Observed four
large trash bags full of trash in driveway. Observed 10’ x 10’
pile of brush in side yard. Observed scattered trash and
debris along side fence as shown in photos and as described
in worksheet in file. Photos taken. No one at home.”
“Stagnant water verified in swimming pool. Talked to Don
Smith (888-3456) who said he was one of the occupants of
the house. He was leasing the property. See business card
in file. He gave me permission to go into the gated area and
inspect the pool. Photos taken. Issued warning to Mr. Smith.”
“Verified unscreened motor boat on trailer on driveway.
Talked to John Bassmaster (974-1000) who said he was the
occupant of the house, was leasing it from George Brown.
He said that he owned the boat. I told him of that he had to
remove the boat or place it behind a 6’ fence. Issued warning
to Mr. Bassmaster. Photos taken.”
Follow-up Investigation/Inspection
Findings
Follow-up investigation and inspection findings shall be
documented in the case log. The documentation should
include:
In the violations cited log, include:
The compliance status of violations. A description of the
progress or lack of progress made toward correcting the
violation(s).
List any additional violations identified on the site which may
require additional notice.
For additional violations, reference particular Code sections
violated.
In the investigator’s log, include the same type of
information identified in the Initial Investigation Findings in
(A.) above. Additionally information should include:
Follow-up Investigation/Inspection
Findings
Research activities. Include:
Ownership information;
Land use information (zoning, permits, site plans, other
departments information).
Document your inspection follow-ups.
Note: Do not use the words “no change.” State what you
observed, e.g., “the weeds were not mowed and had
grown higher. The trash described in the initial inspection
was still in the same spot as first observed.”
Document communication events, especially site
visits, meetings or phone calls.
Include any extensions to the standard compliance
periods that have been agreed to.
When appropriate, include final disposition of the
complaint.
Examples of Acceptable
Investigation Documentation:
“Verified all noted substandard conditions have been corrected.
Close case.”
“Weeds cut. The trash bags, brush pile, and debris in the side
yard mentioned in the initial investigation have been removed.
Close case.”
“Site follow-up inspection conducted. James Golden (see
business card) one of the owners of the property met me on the
site and gave me permission to go into the building to inspect
the structure. (3) of the original (5) violations corrected. See
updated violation report. No work has been done on the water
heater or roof violations. Issued a citation to Mr. Golden for
those two violations.”
“Went to WPRD and made copies of site plan SP-0000.
Discovered that the use approved in the site plan was
restaurant.”
“Noted violations not corrected. Resolution timeframe expired.
Forwarding the case for judicial action.”
Communication with individuals
other than complainants
Phone, mail, email, office and site communication
with individuals potentially responsible for violations,
witnesses, and other persons shall be documented
in the investigator’s log.
NOTE: Communication documentation should
minimally include a brief description of statements
of importance to the case and the source of the
statement. Names of the person and their relation
to the case should be included.
The documentation should include:
Communication with individuals
other than complainants
Statements acknowledging the violation,
understanding of the requirements, and
assurances given to comply.
Contact information.
Phone messages.
Requests for extensions to comply.
Other information deemed important to the case
by the investigator.
Examples of Acceptable
Documentation:
“Spoke to owner; John Doe (phone #, email address, etc.). He
stated didn’t know his boat needed to be stored behind a six
foot solid wood or masonry fence. He said he would properly
store the boat by next week.”
“Spoke to one of the owners; Jane Doe (phone #, email
address, etc.). Stated she didn’t know she needed a permit to
build a house. She stated he would stop work and secure all
required permits by the end of the week.”
“Received email (email address) from the property owner, Mr.
Doe, requesting 15 day extension”. Extension granted based
on …………….. Follow-up inspection scheduled for …………..”
“Spoke to Maya Smith (545-1234) with Stewart Title. She told
me that the property was about to be sold and requested a pay-
off estimate and lien release. Her fax is 545-1235.”
Communication with complainants
When a complainant has provided their contact information
and has asked for updates, investigators shall make a diligent
effort to contact them to inform them of the investigation
results. The purpose of this contact is to provide information
about the findings and describe the enforcement process for
verified violations. Multiple updates should be made to the
complainant when appropriate given the timeline for
compliance.
Phone, email, office, and site contacts and communication
with these individuals shall be documented in the case log.
Emails and correspondence shall be kept in the case file.
Investigators can put a correspondence or a printout of the
email in the file or for email, cut and paste it into the
investigator’s log.
Examples:
“Spoke to citizen, John Doe (phone #, email
address, etc.), informed him that violation was
verified and notice given requiring compliance in
15 days.”
“Sent email update to citizen, John Doe (phone #,
email address, etc.), informing him that (2) site
investigations have been conducted, the violation
could not be verified and case would be closed.
See email in file.”
THE END
Remember Common Sense and Good Judgment
Attachment A – Spelling Quiz One
1. Accept – to receive
2. Believe
3. Cite – to quote or document
4. Accommodate
5. Conscience – sense of right or wrong
6. Accessible- easily reached
7. Council – a group that consults or advises
8. A lot – usually written as one word
9. Principle – a general or fundamental meaning
10. Height
11. Their – possession of someone
12. Commitment
13. Thorough – careful or complete
14. Abundance
15. collectible
Attachment two – quiz two
1. Which of the following spellings is correct?
a) acomodate
b) accomodate
c) acommodate
d) accommodate
e) Don't Know
2. Which of the following spellings is preferred in American English?
a) acknowledgment
b) acknowledgement
c) acknowlegment
d) acknowlegement
e) Don't Know
3. Which of the following spellings is correct?
a) arguement
b) argument
c) arguemant
d) arguemint
e) Don't Know
4. Which of the following spellings is correct?
a) comitment
b) comitmment
c) commitment
d) comitmant
e) Don't Know
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