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The Truth of the War Conspiracy
of 1861
In this presentation
you will be given the
true facts that led to
the war between the
states 1861-1865!
Powers of the President
As outlined in the US Constitution
Article. II.
Section. 2.
Clause 1: The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United
States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United
States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive
Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have
Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of
Impeachment.
Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties,
provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the
Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls,
Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not
herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law
vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the
Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.
Clause 3: The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the
Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next
Session.
Section. 3.
He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and
recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may,
on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement
between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he
shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that
the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.
The Election of 1860
Although William Seward was the
pre-convention favorite for the
Republican Presidential
nomination in 1860, Lincoln won
on the 3rd ballot. With Hannibal
Hamlin as his running mate,
Lincoln was elected the 16th
President on November 6, 1860,
defeating Stephen Douglas, John
Bell, and John C. Breckinridge.
Statement made March 4 in
Lincoln’s inaugural address“ In
your hands, my dissatisfied
countrymen, and not in mine, is
the momentous issue of civil
war. ‘The Government will not
assail you; you can have no
conflict without yourselves
being the aggressors”
Senator Stephen A. Douglas
On March 15th 1861
introduced a resolution in
the US Senate to withdraw
all US troops from Forts
in the seceded states
except Key West and
Tortugus (were isolated and
were international in scope) and
Clearly Defined the limit
of Presidential Powers!
Also made a plea for
Peace and Justice
Senator John C.Breckenridge
Introduced Similar
resolutions to that of
Stephen Douglas
Secretary of War for
President Jeff Davis
CSA
Was Appointed Major
General in 1862
Senator Clingham
Introduced Similar
resolutions to that of
Stephen Douglas
Solemn Agreement “ARMISTICE”
Special Agreement Both filed in the US war
Existed at Charleston and Navy departments by
Entered into by the US which the US agreed not
Government and the State to attempt to reinforce
of South Carolina Major Anderson (Fort
Officials on December Sumter), nor Fort Pickens
6,1860; and a special South Carolina,Florida
agreement, armistice at and Confederate
Pensacola entered into by Authorities agreed to
the US and Florida make no attack on them
authorities on January 29th while these solemn
1861 agreements were observed
US Navy Reports on the Armistice
Captain Barron reports good faith being observed by
both parties existing at Pensacola
Captain Poor reported the the Powhaten attempted to
force an entrance to Pensacola Harbor flying English
Colors
Dispatches captured at Charleston which divulged
that captain Fox acted the part of a spy and so
deceived Governor Pickens
William H.Seward
Appointed Secretary
of State by Lincoln
Gave untrue
assurances to Judge
Campbell that there
were no plans to
violate the armistice to
Southern Delegation
Salmon P. Chase
Appointed by Lincoln-
Secretary of Treasury
Lincoln’s Spokes person
Was appointed to the
Supreme Court as Chief
Justice following the death
of Justice Taney
Made statement “Sumter
will be supplied peaceably
if allowed”
Confederate Peace Commission
The South went in peace openly March 12,1861
Was assured by Seward and Lincoln that Sumter
was to be evacuated March 15,1861
Was waiting in Washington to divert war and
presented their request for Federal forces to
evacuate the southern territory.
Was involved in Peace talks with Judge
Campbell
Lincoln drafted war order-in secret
Judge Campbell
Selected by Secretary
Seward to serve as
intermediary between
Confederate
Commissioners
Assured the
commissioners that there
was no intent to reinforce
Sumter. This assurance
was repeated on March
20,1861.
US Supreme Court Judge Nelson
Was involved with
Judge Campbell in
negotiations with the
Confederate
Commissioners
January 1861 Florida
Timeline of Early 1861 (6)
Jan. 6 – State troops seize the Arsenal at Apalachicola
Jan. 7 – State troops seize Fort Marion at St. Augustine
Jan. 8 – Lt. Slemmer's troops repel insurgents from Fort
Barrancas
Jan. 10 – Florida passes its Ordinance of Secession; Lt.
Adam Slemmer transfers Union troops from Barrancas
Barracks to Fort Pickens
Jan. 12 – State troops seize the Pensacola Navy Yard,
Fort Barrancas, Fort McRee, and Barrancas Barracks.
Confederate officials demand the surrender of Fort
Pickens
Jan. 14 – U.S. forces garrison Fort Taylor
Jan. 18 – Confederate officials again demand the
surrender of Fort Pickens
Jan. 18 – Union troops garrison Fort Jefferson in the Dry
Tortugas
General Braxton Bragg
Brigadier General, CSA
(March 7, 1861);
commanding Pensacola,
Florida (March 11 -
October 29, 1861); major
general, CSA (September
12, 1861); commanding
Department of Alabama
and West Florida (October
14, 1861 February 28,
1862); also commanding
Army of Pensacola
(October 29 - December
22, 1861; later
commanded the west
Fort Pickens-Pensacola Florida
Fort Pickens was designed
by the French military
engineer Simon Bernard,
who had been hired by the
United States as a
consultant. In 1816 he was
appointed to the board of
engineers which was
placed in charge of
fortification. Although
influenced by the French
school of design, the
unique considerations of
harbor defense made U.S.
coastal fortification
uniquely American.
Admiral Semmes CSN
Was captured at the
mouth of the
Mississippi river by
federal authorities and
were referred to as
pirates and were being
threatened with
execution. They were
spared only because
major Vogdes was
spared.
Lincoln’s Attack on Virginia Convention
Met February 13th 1861
It voted down several secession resolutions 3 to 1 it was for Constitutional Union
Remained in session waiting on Lincoln to put into actual practice his peace and union intent and
purpose
But Convention remained on guard ready to protect Virginia from any unconstitutional acts
Lincoln attempts to have it dissolved
April 2nd (same day he approved secret act of war to reinforce Fort Pickens) he and Seward select
confidential union messenger a constitutional and Virginian Allen B Macgruder at time Judge
Advocate of US Naval Court Martial
Was sent to find in Richmond Judge G.W.Summers and urge him to come to Washington by the next
Friday and confer with Lincoln on matters of great importance if he could not make it to select
another pro-union man (Summers was unable to leave)
John B Baldwin was selected and was in secret conference with Lincoln on April 4 th
Baldwin urged Lincoln to call a conference with the states and to issue a peaceful union proclamation
giving official assurance of what Lincoln had so broadly preached of “yearning for peace
Lincoln Stated “I fear you are too late” Lincoln knew he had four expeditions moving
Lincoln appealed to Baldwin “Why don’t you adjourn the convention?” Baldwin refused
Lincoln was afraid of that Convention
Baldwin warned Lincoln that if a gun is fired Virginia will secede in 48 hours
Baldwin received no assurance from Lincoln whose object was to adjourn the Convention
As Baldwin left he met seven Governors waiting in Lincoln’s rooms who Lincoln claimed urged him
to use force
They Voted to secede 88 to 55 within 48 hours just as Baldwin warned both men Summers and
Baldwin voting for secession
Winfield Scott
No man believes that
General Scott ordered
Captain Vogdes to commit
an act of war without the
order or approval of the
commander in Chief
Abraham Lincoln
He was known to have
opposed war
Advised against it
Made public statement
to“Let the wayward sisters
go in peace”
The Beginning of War
8 days after the inauguration of Lincoln with his
approval and the same day clearly demonstrated his
intent and purpose to bring on war.
Lincoln ordered Vogue and armed men on the USS
Brooklyn to occupy Fort Pickens knowing full well of
the armistice!
They were stopped by the ‘armistice’
Order given by Lincoln to violate armistice issued as
soon as he became Commander in chief.
It is well known that General Scott was opposed to war;
but he obeyed the commander in Chief Abraham Lincoln
Major Vogdes
On or about July 1st 1861 was captured at Fort Pickens
(near Pensacola Florida) by the 5th Georgia CSA under
the command of Captain S.W. Mangham. Was made
Confederate Prisoner of war designated by the
Confederate War Department to suffer the same fate as
the federals threatened to execute on the officers and
men of Admiral Semmes command.
Statement made 20 years after the war at Fort Adams,Rhode
Island he remembered the incident and discussed it.
Vogdes stated “he had reinforced Fort Pickens before Fort
Sumter was attacked; but that his act was overshadowed
by the clamor and furor about Fort Sumter” Vogdes was
sent by Lincoln’s orders.
THE FIRST ACT OF WAR!
Official Order to Reinforce Fort
Pickens Florida
Notice date January
21,1861
Lincoln had not even
been inaugurated yet
Clearly Requests Copy of Presidents
Orders to Re-enforce Fort Pickens
Addresses instructions to
DD Porter (Naval Officer)
to re-enforce Fort Pickens
and for other officers to
assist him
1st Act of War Revealed
Exposes President as
Author of orders
Official Orders unable to
be located
Executive Revealed As Author
Reinforces the notion
that the war was
organized and initiated
at the White House
Denotes the fact that
the war was an
Executive Act and no
copies of the plans
exist.
Reveals no one knew
of it except those
engaged therein
Major Vogdes pictured with
Official Record of Civil War
An Act of War
The Secrecy Emphasizes the Treachery
Had secret orders been obeyed or other
like orders not miscarried, war would
have been openly inaugurated at a point
500 miles from Fort Sumter, long before
Fort Sumter was fired on. The first open
clash was an accident caused by a misfit
in Lincoln’s schemes to force war at any
risk or cost
The Secret Messenger
Lieutenant J.L. Worden USN was sent by rail via Richmond, Augusta,
Atlanta opened the dispatches and committed them to memory and
then destroyed them (An Act of A Spy)
Arrived in Pensacola on April 10th midnight
On the 11th of April was met by Bragg and assured General Brag he
only had a specific verbal message for Captain Adams
Worden was allowed to proceed under assurance of the existing
armistice
The message delivered
His action became suspicious and he was followed and later arrested
in Montgomery. By some means he escaped a spy’s fate and became a
prisoner of war. He escaped by making a statement to L.P.Walker
Confederate States Secretary of War on April 16th,1861
John L. Worden U.S Navy
As the secession crisis moved toward
civil war in early 1861, Lieutenant
Worden was sent to Pensacola with
secret instructions for the local Naval
commander. While returning to
Washington, D.C., by rail he was
arrested by Southern authorities and
held as a prisoner of war for several
months, an experience that badly
damaged his health. In February 1862,
upon resuming active duty, he was
given command of the revolutionary
ironclad Monitor and took her into a
historic battle with CSS Virginia on 9
March 1862. Receiving serious eye
injuries in the action, he had to
relinquish command. However, this
battle made him a major war hero in the
North.
Gideon Welles Secretary of Navy
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY.
REPORTS FROM OFFICERS.
Captain H. A. Adams's report of the re-enforcing of Fort Pickens, April 14.
UNITED STATES FRIGATE SABINE,
Off Pensacola, April 14, 1861.
SIR: I have the honor to inform you that immediately on the receipt
of your order by Lieutenant Worden, on the 12th instant, I prepared
to re-enforce Fort Pickens. It was successfully performed, on the
same night, by landing the troops under Captain Vogdes, and the
marines of the squadron under Lieutenant Cash. No opposition was
made, nor do I believe the movement was known on shore until it
was accomplished.
A strong party of officers and seamen were sent to assist in case of
resistance, who afterwards returned to their ships. The marines
remained in the fort at the request of Captain Vogdes, a copy of
which I enclose. The whole expedition was under the charge of
Commander Charles H. Poor, assisted by Lieutenant Smith, of the
Brooklyn, Lieutenants Lewis and Newman, of the Sabine, and
Lieutenant Belknap, of the St. Louis; and it is highly creditable to
these officers that this service was performed without accident or
disorder under unfavorable circumstances. The Brooklyn, Captain
Walker, and the Wyandotte, Lieutenant Commanding Mullany, were
very skillfully managed. They carried the landing party to the
designated spot with accuracy, in spite of the darkness of the night,
and not having the lighthouse to guide them, the light having been
extinguished early in the evening.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. A. ADAMS,
Captain, Senior Officer present
Hon. GIDEON WELLES,
Secretary of the Navy, Washington.
Lincoln Suspends Habeas Corpus
Lincoln's Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus
Relating to the Events in Baltimore
HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
Washington, April 27, 1861.
The undersigned, General-in-Chief of the Army, has received from the President of the United States the following communication:
COMMANDING GENERAL ARMY OF THE UNITED STATES:
You are engaged in repressing an insurrection against the laws of the United States. If at any point on or in the vicinity of the military line
which is now used between the city of Philadelphia via Perryville, Annapolis City and Annapolis Junction you find resistance which renders
it necessary to suspend the writ of habeas corpus for the public safety, you personally or through the officer in command at the point where
resistance occurs are authorized to suspend that writ.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
In accordance with the foregoing warrant the undersigned devolves on Major-General Patterson, commanding the Department of
Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland; Brigadier-General Butler, commanding the Department of Annapolis, and Colonel Mansfield,
commanding the Washington Department, a like authority each within the limits of his command to execute in all proper cases the
instructions of the President.
WINFIELD SCOTT.
Lincoln's Suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus
Relating to the Events in Missouri
Maj. Gen. H. W. HALLECK,
Commanding in the Department of Missouri:
GENERAL: AS an insurrection exists in the United States and is in arms in the State of Missouri, you are hereby authorized and
empowered to suspend the writ of habeas corpus within the limits of the military division under your command, and to exercise martial law
as you find it necessary, in your discretion, to secure the public safety and the authority of the United States.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed, at Washington, this second day of
December, A.D. 1861.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
By the President:
WILLIAM H. SEWARD,
Secretary of State.
Source: "Official Records of the War of the Rebellion
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney
(US Supreme Court) 1777-1864
Heard case of Maryland Citizen
who was arrested and
imprisoned in a military
stronghold
Orders parties to appear before
him
Military Officer refused to
supply the court with a copy of
the order of arrest and refused
to obey the writ
Excuse was it was authorized
by the President to suspend the
writ of Habeas Corpus at his
discretion
Rendered the decision
Pronounced Every phase of act
Unconstitutional Null and Void
In a letter dated March 1,1861
G.V. Fox writes to
Fort Sumter Montgomery Blair that the
object of his plans was to
reinforce Fort Sumter. In Fox’s
statement in 1865 he says on
February 6th he met with Lt.
Norman J. Hall who had been
sent by Major Anderson. This
can only mean that Anderson
was in collusion with Fox, Hall,
Blair, Lincoln and others to
reinforce Sumter and inaugurate
war.
Anderson was now scheming
with Fox, Hall, Blair, Lincoln
on a plan to reinforce Sumter
They knew it meant “War” and
not one word, not an act in their
‘plans’ could be twisted into a
yearning for peace and union
Operations in Charlston, S.C.
January 5, 1861-First expedition for the relief
of Fort Sumter sails from New York Harbor.
April 11, 1861-Surrender of Fort Sumter
demanded of Major Anderson by the governor
of South Carolina and refused.*
April 10, 1861-Second expedition for the relief
of Fort Sumter sails from New York Harbor.
April 11, 1861-Evacuations of fort Sumter
demanded by General Beauregard.
Operations at Fort Sumpter 2
January 13, 1861.
COLONEL: Pursuant to instructions, dated Headquarters of the Army, January 5,
1861, I embarked on the evening of Saturday, 5th instant, from Governor's Island,
at 6 o'clock p.m., on a steam-tug, which transferred us to the steamer Star of the
West.
My command consisted of two hundred men, recruits from the depot, fifty of whom
were of the permanent party. My officers were First Lieutenant W. A. Webb, Fifth
Infantry; Second Lieutenant C. W. Thomas, First Infantry, and Assist. Surg. P. G.
S. Ten Broeck, Medical Department.
On Tuesday afternoon, 8th instant, arms and ammunition were issued to all the
men. About midnight same evening we arrived off Charleston Harbor, and
remained groping in the dark until nearly day, when we discovered the light on
Fort Sumter, which told us where we were. The other coast light marking the
approaches to the harbor had been extinguished, and the outer buoy marking the
channel across the bar gone.
During the night we saw what we supposed to be the light of a steamer cruising off
the harbor, but she did not discover us, as our lights were all out. Just before day
we discovered a steamer lying off the main ship channel. As soon as they made us
out they burned one blue light and two red lights, and, receiving no response from
us, immediately
Numbers 5. Report of Captain G. V. Fox, U. S.
agent, of second expedition for the relief of Fort
Sumter.
STEAMER BALTIC,
New York, April 19, 1861.
SIR: I sailed from New York in this vessel Tuesday morning, the 10th instant, having dispatched one steam-tug, the Uncle Ben, the evening
previous to rendezvous off Charleston. The Yankee, another chartered tug, followed us to the Hook, and I left instructions to send on the
Freeborn .
We arrived off Charleston the 12th instant, at 3 a.m., and found only the Harriet Lane. Weather during the whole time a gale. At 7 a.m. the
Pawnee arrived, and, according to his orders, Captain Rowan anchored twelve miles east of the light, to await the arrival of the Powhatan. I
stood in with the Baltic to execute my orders by offering, in the first place, to carry provisions to Fort Sumter. Nearing the bar it was observed
that was had commenced, and, therefore, the peaceful offer of provisions was void.
The Pawnee and Lane immediately anchored close to the bar, notwithstanding the heavy sea, and though neither tugs or Powhatan or
Pocahontas had arrived, it was believed a couple of boats of provisions might be got in. The attempt was to be made in the morning, because
the heavy sea and absence of the Powhatan's gunboats crippled the night movement. All night and the morning of the 13th instant it blew
strong, with a heavy sea. The Baltie stood off and on, looking for the Powhatan, and in running in during the thick weather struck on
Rattlesnake Shoal, but soon got off. The heavy sea, and not having the sailors (three hundred) asked for, rendered any attempt from the Baltic
absurd. I only felt anxious to get in a few days' provisions to last the fort until the Powhatan's arrival. The Pawnee and Lane were both short
of men, and were only intended to afford a base of operations whilst the tugs and three hundred sailors fought their way in.
However, the Powhatan and tugs not coming, Captain Rowan seized an ice schooner and offered her to me, which I accepted, and Lieutenant
Hudson, of the Army, several Navy officers, and plenty of volunteers agreed to man the vessel, and go in with me the night of the 13th. The
events of that day, so glorious to Major Anderson and his command, are known to you. As I anticipated the guns from Sumter dispersed their
naval preparations excepting small guard-boats, so that with the Powhatan a re-enforcement would have been easy. The Government did not
anticipate that the fort was so badly constructed as the event has shown.
I learned on the 13th instant that the Powhatan was withdrawn from duty off Charleston on the 7th instant, yet I was permitted to
sail on the 9th, the Pawnee on the 9th, and the Pocahontas on the 10th, without intimation that the main portion-the fighting portion-
of our expedition was taken away. In justice to itself as well as an acknowledgment of my earnest efforts, I trust the Government has
sufficient reasons for putting me in the position they have placed me.
I have the honor to be, your obedient servant,
G. V. FOX.
The Baltic has been chartered for one month.
Honorable SIMON CAMERON,
Secretary of War, Washington.
General G. T. BEAUREGARD, 1.] HEADQUARTERS PROVISIONAL
ARMY, C. S. A., Charleston, S. C., April 1, 1861. Begs for Reason and Peace!
SIR: The Government of the Confederate States has hitherto forborne from any
hostile demonstration against Fort Sumter, in the hope that the Government of the
United States, with a view to the amicable adjustment of all questions between the
two Government, and to avert the calamities of war, would voluntarily evacuate it.
There was reason at one time to believe that such would be the course pursued by
the Government of the United States, and under that impression my Government
has refrained from making any demand for the surrender of the fort. But the
Confederate States can no longer delay assuming actual possession of a fortification
commanding the entrance of one of their harbors, and necessary to its defense and
security.
I am ordered by the Government of the Confederate States to demand the
evacuation of Fort Sumter. My aides, Colonel Chesnut and Captain Lee, are
authorized to make such demand of you. All proper facilities will be afforded for
the removal of yourself and command, together with company arms and property
and all private property, to any post in the United States which you may select. The
flag which you have upheld so long as with so much fortitude, under the most
trying circumstances, may be saluted by you on taking it down.
Colonel Chesnut and Captain Lee will, for a reasonable time, await your answer.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
G. T. BEAUREGARD,
Brigadier-General, Commanding.
Official Record - Order to
Reinforce Fort Sumter
This Official Record
Outlines the plan to
Reinforce Sumter
Asks Anderson to hold
out until arrival of the
Expedition
Capt. Fox revealed as
leader of expedition
authored by War Dept.
Washington DC
Senate Adjourns March 28th 1861
Without action on either resolution
Does any one believe that the Senate would have
adjourned if they had any suspicion of Lincoln’s
secret acts of treachery?
The Senate was deceived by the hierocracy of the
conspirators led by Lincoln and Seward
The crucial period in which the
premeditated schemes took place was
from March 4,1961 to July 4, 1861
Lincoln Convenes Congress July 4,1861
Months after Lincoln had the war actively inaugurated
July 10th joint resolution introduced legalizing war
Lincoln called for 75,000 men on April 15th 1861
Lincoln proclaims blockade April 19th 1861
Lincoln proclaims second blockade April 27th 1861
Authorizes military officer to suspend habeas corpus in Maryland and
Pennsylvania April 27th 1861
Lincoln called for 35,000 volunteers May 3rd 1861
Be it resolved that the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States in Congress assembled; that all the extra ordinary acts, proclamations
and orders hereinbefore mentioned be and the same are hereby approved and
declared to be in all respects legal and valid, to the same and with the same
affect as if they had been issued and done under the previous express authority
and direction of the Congress of The United States
In this clause congress itself brads Lincoln’s acts illegal, invalid and
unconstitutional
Note: Lincoln raised an Army in 10 days why did he wait months to Convene
Congress?
Chronological Order of Events
January 29- captain Vogdes
arrives in Florida and is stopped April 12th lt. J.L. Worden officially
by armistice and remained there delivers verbally from memory his
April 1st captain Adams averts secret orders then leaves Florida
war by refusing to follow after delivering Lincoln’s secret
Winfield Scott's order to order to reinforce fort Pickens
reinforce Pickens Ship log reveals reinforcements
sent before order due to Vogdes
Order issued March 12,1861 to impatience
inaugurate war was the “Wish
April 14th Bragg reports his
and Intention of the US suspicions about Worden
Government to begin war!
April 12,1861 Fort Sumter fired
March 14,1861 Intelligence is upon
sent throughout the country that
Neither Fort Sumter nor Fort
Fort Sumter is to be evacuated.
Pickens knew of the events that
April 11th lt. J.L. Worden arrives to
deliver secret order to violate
had occurred at the other as
armistice they were 500 miles apart.
April 11th at 9PM started landing A week passed before the
troops to reinforce fort Pickens events at either became known
In Summary
Lincoln ordered two expeditions to
reinforce fort Pickens, Vogdes and Brown
V. Fox expedition to to reinforce fort
Sumter
April 1st 1861 Seward assured judge
Campbell there was no plan to change the
current standing and if so he would have
notice
Lincoln Addresses Congress 1864
“I simply mean to say that the war will cease, on
the part of the government whenever it shall
cease on the part of those who began it”
Closing
No document exists Had Lincoln died a natural
showing Lincoln death that cunning which
was genius would have
entertained peace destroyed the evidence of
No authority showing his secret, private
Lincoln entertained for treacherous acts of war
peace which he covered by
complaining of his soul
Facts and his actions being burdened and his
prove his words were heart yearning for peace
utterly false and and union while he
intended to deceive secretly, viciously
and mislead remorselessly inaugurated
war against the south!
Drudge Report column
A president who breaks the law is a threat to the very structure of our
government. Our Founding Fathers were adamant that they had established a
government of laws and not men. Indeed, they recognized that the structure
of government they had enshrined in our Constitution - our system of checks
and balances - was designed with a central purpose of ensuring that it would
govern through the rule of law. As John Adams said: "The executive shall
never exercise the legislative and judicial powers, or either of them, to
the end that it may be a government of laws and not of men."
An executive who arrogates to himself the power to ignore the legitimate
legislative directives of the Congress or to act free of the check of the
judiciary becomes the central threat that the Founders sought to nullify in
the Constitution - an all-powerful executive too reminiscent of the King
from whom they had broken free. In the words of James Madison, "the
accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the
same hands, whether of one, a few, or many, and whether hereditary,
self-appointed, or elective, may justly be pronounced the very definition of
Tyranny.
Once violated, the rule of law is in danger. Unless stopped, lawlessness
grows. The greater the power of the executive grows, the more difficult it
becomes for the other branches to perform their constitutional roles. As the
executive acts outside its constitutionally prescribed role and is able to
control access to information that would expose its actions, it becomes
increasingly difficult for the other branches to police it. Once that
ability is lost, democracy itself is threatened and we become a government
of men and not laws.
