Chapter 16 China Today

							            Chapter 16 China Today
1.   Under a system of Capitalism such as that of the United States,
     businesses are owned by individual investors.
2.   By appealing to the proletariat, the Communists were able to
     get enough support to gain power in China.
3.   During the Cultural Revolution, the Communist government
     attempted to change Chinese society by destroying traditional
     reverence for ancestors.
4.   Karl Marx had predicted that the proletariat would rise up
     against the ruling class and create a new classless society.
5.   In 1958, Mao Zedong instituted the “Great Leap Forward,”
     which divided China into communes.
6.   Quotations from Chairman Mao is an example of Communist
     Chinese propaganda.
7.   Members of a collective farm received a share of the harvest
     and gave the rest to the government.
1.   Mao Zedong’s Communist army defeated the
     Nationalist army. Cause: Mao’s armies were
     disciplined while the Nationalist’s were corrupt.
     Effect: The People’s Republic of China was
     formed.
2.   Chinese students pressed for democratic
     reforms in Tiananmen Square, June 1989.
     Cause: Deng Xiaoping introduced some
     economic reforms, allowed students to study
     abroad, and allowed foreign investment.
     Effect: Students were ordered home and when
     they refused the army opened fire killing and
     wounding thousands.
3.   Mao introduced the Great Leap Forward in
     1958. Cause: Mao wanted to modernize rapidly
     and increase agricultural output. Effect:
     Peasants resisted changes demanded by the
     Great Leap, food production fell as many
     workers were forced to work on building
     projects.
4.   The Cultural Revolution took place in 1966.
     Cause: Mao wanted to renew the revolutionary
     spirit and stop the power struggle among top
     communist leaders. Effect: It caused chaos as
     schools closed, factories slowed, and people
     accused of “capitalist” crimes were prosecuted.
5.   Deng Xiaoping introduced the responsibility
     system. Cause: Deng hoped to increase
     mechanization in farming and make China self-
     sufficient in food production. Effect: Farm
     families were responsible for making their own
     living. They could sell surplus crops.
6.   The Chinese government adopted policies to
     limit the size of families. Cause: China’s
     population is a threat to modernization and
     strains the economy. Effect: Success has been
     limited because families in farming areas don’t
     follow the policy closely.
7.   In the early 1970s, China began to renew ties
     with the western industrial powers. Cause: The
     Cultural Revolution had slowed down. Effect:
     China encouraged foreign investment and
     increased trade with the West. The UN
     recognized the People’s Republic of China.
8.   Mao Zedong rejected much of traditional
     China’s cultural heritage. Cause: Mao wanted
     to abolish the old Chinese class system.
     Effects: Red Guards destroyed temples, statues,
     and other works of art from the past. Books
     and family records were burned.