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CPMR Conference
Baltic Master Workshop
Karlskrona, 1-2 June,2006
Prepared by: Mrs Urszula Kowalczyk, Jakub Piotrowicz
R&D Institute
• over 100 employees
• established in 1950
under The Ministry of Shipping
current Ministry of Maritime
Economy (analysis, expertises,
statistics, opinions, yearly reports
on maritime economy in Poland)
MARITIME INSTITUTE IN GDANSK
Fields of Activity
• Maritime Hydrotechnics
• Environment Protection
• Ecology
• Operational Oceanography
• Water Economy and Maritime
Engineering
• Seaborne trade, Logistics,
Ports
• Marine Corrosion
• Marine Electronics
PARTICIPATION IN INTERREG PROJECTS
BSR INTERREG III:
• The Baltic MaSTER – Maritime Safety Across Borders
• BaSIM - Baltic Sea Information Motorways
• InterBaltic
• LOG_VAS- Logistic Value-Added Services
• InLoC – Integrating Logistics Centres in the Baltic Sea Region
(Continuation of completed: NeLoC - Networking Logistics Centres in the
Baltic Sea Region)
• LOG_ALL - Strategic Logistics Alliance Hanse-Passage
• InterMareC: Interregional Maritime Cluster – Development and
Improvement
Maritime Institute in Gdańsk
is the Leader of WP2 of Baltic Master Project:
SAFE TRANSPORTATIONS AT SEA
Strategic focus of WP2:
Preventive measures to avoid accidents
related to the increase of transportations
of oil and other hazardous goods in the BSR.
Main outputs:
•Improved safety in BSR- reports on PSSA and APMs-
regional and local perspectives
•Reports and workshops concerning monitoring systems
•Vision of PSSA 2020
•Action List for the regions
Major mechanisms
WP2 Report will cover PSSA/APM’s
and other elements.
- Traffic separation/ Routing
- Areas to be avoided
- No anchoring areas
- Ship reporting systems (including Automatic Identification
System AIS)- results from Maritime Traffic Monitoring Report
- Ice/winter navigation
- Discharge restrictions
- Maps of areas endangered by oil spills
- Places of refuge on the Baltic Sea Area- legal status,
designation etc. - Baltic Sea-wide concept of harbours for
ships in distress
- Requirements on vessels
Major mechanisms
(continued)
- Dangerous goods report (examination of routes of
transportation of dangerous goods, Vision of dangerous
goods transport in view of PSSA – monitoring of vessels
within Exclusive Economic Zones
- Collision and grounding model for ship collision and
grounding probability
- Reaction plans for accidents and oils spills
- Hydro-meteorological information
- Identification of hazards for future Formal Safety
Assessments – systematic process for assessing risks and
evaluating IMO options for reducing risks.
- Traffic intensity forecast- Forecast of traffic level, detailed
statistics of traffic
APM’s:
Routes- Variant development
Accident Risk Assessment
Pollution Risk Assessment
Socio-Economic Assessment
PSSA and APMs Report
- Description of current PSSA status and Associated
Preventive Measures assessment process
- PSSA as an inventory of knowledge, legal status,
analysis of existing procedures
- Description of regional priorities for the PSSA
- Situation of The Baltic Sea Area in comparison with
other European PSSA areas,
- Mapping of responsibility
- Definition of major PSSA mechanisms, objectives and
present status
Maritime Traffic Monitoring as APM
- Report on use of AIS (Automatic Information Systems)
on the Baltic Sea
-Analysis of Traffic Monitoring Systems
workshops, description, use of Information Exchange
Systems
- Sharing experiences on Maritime Safety Information
Exchange System (SWIBŻ)
- SafeSeaNet’ exchange of information in Coastal
States on the Baltic Sea present state and planned
development.
- Detection and dealing with accidents involving
potential loss of oil
Tracks of ships equipped with AIS along the Polish coast
(01.12.2005 – 16.12.2005)
Particulary Sensitive Sea Area – PSSA
“An area which needs special protection through action by IMO because
of its significance for recognised ecological (uniqueness, vulnerability,
dependency) or socio-economic (economy, recreation, human
dependency) or scientific (research, monitoring, historical value) reasons
and which may be vulnerable to damage by maritime activities.”
(IMO Resolution A.927(22) and Guidelines for Identification and
Designation of PSSA)
Maritime Environmental High Risk Areas (MEHRA)
- comparatively limited areas of high sensivity which are also at risk from
shipping
Source: WWF
Associated Protective Measures (APM’s)
• Ship reporting and routing
• Shipping mangement plans navigation charts
• Disaster management concept
• Oil spils risk assessment
• Satellite and aerial surveillance,
• Traffic Separation Scheme s(new, or extended)
• Vessel Traffic Services
• Compulsory pilotage
• Areas to be avoided
• Certain activities prohibited
Legal Framework: UNCLOS
Regulations under IMO: MARPOL 73/78
The IMO is the only international body responsible
for designating areas as Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas
and adopting associated protective measures
IMO A 24/Res.982 , Feb.2006
Associated Preventive Measures assessment process
11/21/2005
WP2 Method
Of APM’s Definition phase
Assessment Present status
description
Process Definition
Description of present status
Definition of Associated including use of APM
Preventive Measure Objectives mechanisms so far and/or the
mechanism background information as
Definition of objectives for implementation of
reference for implementation
APM mechanisms, development of indicators of
indicator calculation
effectiveness of implementation of APM
Implementation variants development process
Forecast of transport intensity Implementation variant development
Preparation of transport intensity forecast based on politically Preparation of set of variants/scenarios of APM’s
seemless scenario of increase of dangerous good cargo implementation with preparation of data needed for futher
volume, as well as destination configuration changes. APM’s effectiveness evaluation
APM’s implementation variant N assessment
APM’s implementation variant ... assessment
APM’s implementation variant 1 assessment
Pollution risk Potential Socio-
Accident risk assessment impact economic
assessment
Preparation of impact
Assessment of
Preparation of assessment of pollution
possible extents of Assessment of possible
assessment of risks or probability
pollution impact, based socioeconomic impact
accident risks connected to
on statistical and of both implementation
connected to implementation of
probabilistic of APM’s variant, as
implementation of specific variant of APM.
evaluations. well as possible future
specific variant of Based on previously
Assessment of extent polltution reduction/
APM prepared accident risk
and areas at most risk increase
assessment
APM’s implementation variants joint assessment, result discussion and recommendations
Reccomendation on actual implementation of APM’s variants with best/most effective objectives fullfiling. Discussion on different variants with
executive summary of APM’s implementation variants. Political actions proposals.
SOME OF EXISTING AND POSSIBBLE ASSOCIATED PROTECTIVE
MEASURES
Compulsory reporting and traffic surveillance
- use of common Baltic Sea monitoring systems - AIS as a natural tool for VTS
Routeing systems
More than fifteen traffic separation schemes are established and adopted by IMO in eight parts of
the Baltic Sea Area. Ship’s Routeing is the organization of traffic flow in or around areas where
navigation by all ships or certain classes of ships is dangerous or undesirable / IMO Resolution
A.572(14) /
Pilotage
Pilotage services are established locally by the port States and are normally compulsory
for ships over certain sizes.
Escort and escorting tugs
- considered to be introduced to to avoid groundings
Areas to be avoided
- areas of the Baltic Sea focusing on the special protection requirements of certain marine species
and their individual marine environment (e.g.: wintering or moulting areas for seabirds or important
reproduction and nursery grounds for marine mammals )
www.imo.org
Traffic density – Southern Baltic
• Through the area between the Bornholm Island and Polish coast
approximately 16 000 ships equipped with AIS are passing yearly
• The main destinations of eastbound vessels in transit include the ports
situated in
the Gulf of Gdańsk (32%),
Klaipeda and Liepaja (20%) and
Russian ports in the Kaliningrad region (19%).
• Approximately 8500 vessels pass yearly between Western Baltic ports or
entrances to the Baltic Sea and ports in the Gulf of Gdańsk, passing along
central Polish coasts.
• Tankers represent 17% of all traffic in that area including VLCCs up to
maximum accommodated draught on the Baltic (15 metres or 15.3 metres in
fresh water).
• Some 8% of vessels have a draught of 8 metres and more.
Source: Maritime Office Gdynia, Cpt. B. Rojek
Source: HELCOM MARITIME 4/2005
SOME FACTS AND ANALYSIS
International shipping is under constantly growing pressure to
minimise the impact of accidents and operations on the marine and
coastal environment
- oil spills,
-- - collisions and grounding,
- waste discharges,
- anchor damage,
- ship generated noise, etc.
• One large spill can disrupt sea and shore life over many miles and
years.
llegal oil discharges in the central part of Baltic Sea
(http://62.236.121.189/website/MARIS1/viewer.htm)
Risk for oil spills for bay of Gdańsk- summer/winter
Maritime Institute in Gdańsk’ analysis
SUMMER WINTER
Routeing measures
traffic separation schemes and routes
• aim to encourage ships to follow routes where
vessels are less likely to collide with each other,
run ashore or get into difficulties.
• aim to reduce the scope for a disaster if the
ship does fet into difficulty and direct ships
away from areas where pollution would be
highly damaging.
NEW ROUTEING MEASURES (PRELIMINARY)
IN THE SOUTHERN BALTIC SEA
• At 51st Session of the NAV Sub-Committee, the Governments of Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Sweden submitted
a joint proposal to approve the new traffic separation schemes
Bornholmsgat and North of Rügen, the amendment to the traffic separation
scheme South of Gedser, the recommended deep-water route Eastern Baltic
Sea and the new areas to be avoided at Norra Midsjöbanken and Hoburgs
Bank (NAV 51/3/6).
• The proposed routeing measures will enter into force at 0000 hours UTC on
1 July 2006 after adoption by the 24th Assembly in Resolution A.977(24).
• Advanced plans of the Government of Poland were introduced, comprising
additional new routeing measures in the southern Baltic Sea including a
recommended deep-water route “D” in the Southern Baltic.
Current traffic separation schemes “Gulf of Gdańsk”
• Ships operating on routes to the Polish ports in the Gulf of Gdańsk make
over 13.000 passages yearly, not including the local traffic of small
vessels, fishing boats and leisure crafts.
• More then 2.000 of above are chemical tankers, gas tankers, oil tankers
with VLCCs up to maximum accommodated draught on the Baltic.
• Routing measures in the Gulf of Gdańsk consist of existing two traffic
separation schemes established and announced in Polish Notices to
Mariners in 1980, revised and amended with Inshore Traffic Zones in
2003.
• TSSs are within responsibility of the Vessel Traffic Services “Gulf of
Gdańsk” established on 1 May 2003, acting as a coastal VTS and MAS,
operated according IMO Resolution A.857(20) and IMO Resolution
A.950(23) respectively. Mandatory reporting system under local VTS
Regulations is in force in VTS Area.
Basic conclusions
• Further protective mesures are necessary to eliminate and reduce
shipping related impacts
• The intesity of pollution increases due to insufficient information
exchange system, lack of equipment or lack of clear emergency
procedures.
• PSSA and APM’s can signifficantly contribute to a sustainable policy
and management regime. They can help to create a strong integrated
marine spatial planning tool for reducing shipping impact
• There is the need to improve the education and training of seamen
before the background that 8 out of 10 accidents are due to human
failure (IMO’s information)
• Measures decided on the level of EU, IMO and HELCOM will not
have the desired effect if they are not implemented and uniformly
enforced at the different levels by all Baltic States
Contacts
Mrs Urszula Kowalczyk
Maritime Institute in Gdansk
Head of Economics and Law Department
Baltic Master WP2 Leader
+48 58 301 16 41
ulak@im.gda.pl
Jakub Piotrowicz
Maritime Institute in Gdansk
Baltic Master WP2 Manager
+48 58 301 16 41
jpiotrow@im.gda.pl
