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							                             UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA




         TANZANIA AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY INVESTMENT PLAN (TAFSIP)

                                   2011/12 to 2020/21




Working Paper No. 9: Disaster Management, Climate
       Change Mitigation and Adaptation

   1. Introduction
   2. Disaster Management and Preparedness
   3. Climate Change/Variability

Annex 1A: Detailed Log-frame (Mainland)
Annex 1B: Detailed Log-frame (Zanzibar)




1.0 Introduction
Tanzania depends on a robust and healthy environment to support income generating activities
and to provide Tanzanians with food, medicines, energy, and timber for export and building
materials. The country's natural resources provide the principal source for peoples’ livelihoods
especially the rural poor. With more than 70% of Tanzania's population involved in agriculture
URT, 2010(budget speech), the integrity of the environment is of key importance to the
livelihoods of the vast majority of Tanzanians is to be sustained.

Agriculture practices can lead to negative environmental impacts. These may result from land
development to production activities. Furthermore little consideration which has been given to
water sources conservation and catchment management has negative impacts on water
availability.

Inappropriate land use practices and the resulting degradation threaten the sustainability of
ecosystem, human health, food security and productivity; and constrain investment in various
social and economic sectors. Another fundamental problem is global warming and climate
change which disturb the trend of hydrological cycle resulting into either heavy rainfalls or less
or no rains which leads to floods or drought respectively. TAFSIP includes elements of
environmental impact assessment and management for sustainable agricultural development in
every programme.

2.0     Disaster Management and Preparedness

Disaster management is a continuum of interrelated activities and not a series of events which
starts and stop with each disaster occurrence. Disaster management is the ability to mitigate the
possible consequences of a probable disaster event on vulnerable groups at the time of
occurrence and afterwards. This can in turn be divided into ex-ante risk management
preparedness and ex-post risk management ability to cope. The ability to cope is the response
after an event occurred; it could be non–sustainable and affect the resource base of the
household like the selling of productive assets or it could be more sustainable e.g. non–negative
responses where support is available before households adopt negative coping mechanisms.
Often the ability to cope is undermined by the intensity of the event itself as well as poor
structural and social conditions such as poverty or lack of proper institutional response
mechanisms. Properly designed disaster management system has three major elements:
disaster preparedness disaster response and disaster mitigation.

Disasters mainly driven by climate shocks are major factors affecting food and nutrition security
in Tanzania. For instance Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Assessment (CFSVA
2010) report has indicated that drought was most frequently reported in northern Arusha-
90.5%; Tanga-93.9; Manyara-80.0%; Kilimanjaro-87.8%; Mara-85.7% central Dodoma-85.2%;
Morogoro-80.6% and south eastern regions Mtwara-88.0%; Lindi-88.5%. This roughly
corresponds to rainfall patterns and reflects the increasingly bimodal tendencies in the northern
regions. According to the assessment the most problematic geographical areas of the country
are the central regions which experience erratic rainfall patterns leading to recurring food
shortages for more than 21% of the population in those areas. Furthermore, effects of climate
change/variability which include rising of sea water levels could have great impact on
agricultural land specifically coastal areas and Islands. These altogether, require robust disaster
management systems.

While it is evident that the frequency of climatic shocks and their impact on vulnerable
population are increasing the preparedness and ability to mitigate the possible consequences of
a probable event in the country is still low. Mechanisms for dealing with food emergencies or
with market failure are inadequate. Furthermore institutional integration for early warning
system and response to disasters is weak.

Thus this programme aims at reinforcing the existing early warning systems in order to
undertake the following key tasks: (i) establish comprehensive data collection methodology on
climate and weather at different levels; (ii) establish a central database system with state of the
art data analysis, interpretation and sharing protocols among key partners involved in early
warning issues; and (iii) prepare and disseminate early warning information packages.

The programme will review the existing national reserve structures and management with a
view to improving operation capacities. Risk financing funds will be established at national level
and will be triggered by early warning system as part of preparedness. Establishment of a robust
institutional framework that is capable of conducting proactive early warning system undertake
effective communication and swift response on time that avoids or minimizes damage by
disasters is much to be desired.

3.0 Climate Change/Variability

In order for agricultural production to be sufficient to meet the demands of the ever-growing
population in the country, the impact of climate change must be understood and integrated into
the sector activities. Better information improves knowledge and helps devise good policies and
sound agricultural management practices. This in turn would increase the resilience of
production systems to inter and intra seasonal climatic variations and to global climate change.
Forums for communicating progress on data collection and availability on climate related issues
should be strengthened. This can be done in collaboration with the Metrological Agency.

Efforts should not be only to assist farmers to adapt to climate change impacts but should also
encourage them to undertake mitigation measures (e,g. minimize or reduce the sectors;
emissions of green house gases into the atmosphere). This can be achieved through a suite of
technologies and management practices such as no-tillage, crop land management, planting of
perennials etc. Responses to the impacts of climate change to agriculture need to include not
only the development of new agro-technologies, water management systems and farm
practices; but also investment in infrastructure and logistics to facilitate the development of
these adaptive agricultural systems. There should be capacity building programmes for
extension officers and subject matter specialists on current climate related issues. Soil
improvement technologies should be given high consideration and the introduction of extreme
weather (drought/floods) tolerant crop species in all agro-ecological zones in addition to the
introduction of high yielding and short duration varieties.

Development Issues

      Inadequate and weak institutional set-up and capacities including technical
       infrastructures to produce analyse and disseminate early warning information on
       disasters food and nutrition security
      Inadequate and uncoordinated Research on Climate Change and other global issues and
       their effects on food security
      Limited emergency response and preparedness facilities
      Weak meteorological information and set-ups
      Lack of well organized disaster maps focussing on major sources of disasters in the
       country
      Weak institutional integration on the overall early warning system disaster response and
       preparedness
      Physical destruction of agricultural land such as coastal erosion and rising sea level

To address the above mentioned development issues major activities are organized under three
components:

      Early warning system and crises prevention
      Emergency response and preparedness
      Institutional system for disaster risk management and preparedness
       Annex1A: PROGRAMME 6: DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ((MAINLAND))


Sub-Programme            Component               Outputs                    Priority inputs/ activities               Performance indicators            Means of verification      Assumptions
6.1:   Disaster   Risk   6.1.1: Early Warning     Early warning and         Develop a comprehensive disaster             - Output indicators:-        Annual Progress Reports     Entire community is
Management        and    System     for Crisis     communication              vulnerability nutrition and food             - A comprehensive and        (ASR-PER,       DADPs);      commitment             in
Preparedness             Prevention                systems established;       insecurity       data      collection          efficient early warning    Joint     Implementation     understanding global
                                                  Robust        weather      framework;                                     and           emergency    Review Reports; Midterm      effects of climate
                                                   analysis and feedback     Develop a dynamic early warning                preparedness systems       Evaluation          and      change
                                                   system designed;           database system with modern data               are put in place to                                    Full       collaborative
                                                                                                                                                        Completion      Reports;
                                                  Early          warning     sharing, analysis and dissemination            ensure sustainable food                                 stakeholder
                                                                                                                             production.                End-term          Impact
                                                   dissemination protocol     mechanisms;                                                                                            engagement             in
                                                                                                                                                        Assessments.
                                                   designed          and     Design training manuals on early             -                                                         implementing
                                                   awareness created;         warning data collection analysis and         - Input indicators:-                                      environmental       and
                                                                              interpretation techniques tools and          - A set of up-to-date data                                related policies.
                                                                              procedures;                                    on food security issues
                                                                             Build capacity of National, LGAs               made available all the
                                                                              and District professionals involved            time;
                                                                              on data collection and analysis on           - A dynamic early warning
                                                                              livelihoods food security nutrition            database system in
                                                                              and vulnerability assessments                  place;
                                                                             Provide equipment hardware and               - Number of training
                                                                              software to National Early Warning             manuals prepared and
                                                                              Unit and LGAs for data collection              distributed;
                                                                              processing         storage       and         - Number of trainees and
                                                                              communication;                                 quantity of support
                                                                             Establish      mechanisms        and           provided to designated
                                                                              guidelines for responding to food              professionals
                                                                              emergencies where the market is              -
                                                                              not able to respond accordingly;             - Quantity of equipments
                                                                             Establish a special early warning              and software provided
                                                                              system for livestock including                 for Early Warning Units
                                                                              pastoral areas; and                            and data management;
                                                                                                                           - Clear and affordable
                                                                             Develop systems of indicators of
                                                                                                                             mechanisms           and
                                                                              disaster risk and vulnerability at
                                                                                                                             guidelines for food
                                                                              national and local level to enable
                                                                                                                             emergency       response
                                                                              easy assessment of disaster
                                                                                                                             prepared;
                                                                              impacts.
                                                                                                                           - A special early warning
Sub-Programme   Component               Outputs                 Priority inputs/ activities                 Performance indicators               Means of verification     Assumptions
                                                                 Assess the geographical and agro                 system for livestock
                                                                  ecological coverage of the current               production       systems
                                                                  meteorological stations;                         established;
                                                                 Increase      the      number        of        - A number of defined
                                                                  meteorological data collection                   indicators for deserter
                                                                  centres;                                         risks and vulnerability
                                                                 Design data sharing protocol and                 developed at all levels;
                                                                  informative periodic weather related           - A         report       on
                                                                  outputs        and        disseminate            meteorological station
                                                                  periodically using different outlets             distribution countrywide;
                                                                  news letter monthly quarterly TV               - Number                   of
                                                                  Radio press conferences in critical              meteorological stations
                                                                  periods etc, and;                                increased from 500 to
                                                                 Establish organic linkage with Early             1000 countrywide;
                                                                  Warning Desk and Climate Change                - Number        of    media
                                                                  Research Group for un restricted                 programmes             for
                                                                  data sharing and joint actions;                  meteorological       data
                                                                 Design periodic early warning                    information;
                                                                  outputs including prediction of                - Mutual data articulation
                                                                  disaster weather trends food                     between early warning
                                                                  security       and        vulnerability          and climate change
                                                                  assessment household economy                     stakeholders;
                                                                  studies etc;                                   - Number of periodicals
                                                                 Develop and update periodically                  and              radio/TV
                                                                  and widely disseminate hazard                    programmes produced
                                                                  maps and related information to                  and disseminated.
                                                                  decision-makers the general public
                                                                  and communities at risk in an
                                                                  appropriate format
                                                                 Design dissemination strategies
                                                                  that cover vulnerable groups and
                                                                  vulnerable geographic areas
                                                                 Create awareness on the use of
                                                                  vulnerability assessment results by
                                                                  Government        ,     Development
                                                                  Partners and vulnerable groups
                                                                  themselves

                6.1.2:      Emergency    Upgraded   national    Assess and identify appropriate            Output indicators:-                Annual Progress Reports    Entire community is
Sub-Programme   Component            Outputs                     Priority inputs/ activities                Performance indicators                Means of verification      Assumptions
                Response       and     emergency         food      national emergency food reserve               - Improved           national    (ASR-PER,       DADPs);      commitment             in
                Preparedness           reserve;                    sites;                                          capacity to reserve food       Joint     Implementation     understanding global
                                      Risk financing system      Upgrade the current national food               for emergency;                 Review Reports; Midterm      effects of climate
                                       including contingency       reserve infrastructure and establish          - Improved           national    Evaluation          and      change
                                       funding and planning        new facilities in sites and stock for           capacity to undertake          Completion      Reports;    Full       collaborative
                                       established;                six months                                      post-food         shortage                                  stakeholder
                                                                                                                                                  End-term          Impact
                                      Emergency         seed     Design national food reserve                    compensatory                                                engagement             in
                                                                                                                   measures.                      Assessments
                                       system developed;           utilization     and     management                                                                          implementing      FSN,
                                      Logistics for efficient     protocols                                 Input indicators:-                                               environmental       and
                                       response        during     Prepare contingency plans for               - Number          of    known                                   related policies.
                                       emergencies in place        emergencies using long-term early               functional food reserve
                                                                   warning and weather variability                 sites nationwide;
                                                                   information that will address               - Workable food reserve
                                                                   possible effects on crop, livestock,            related infrastructures in
                                                                   human health, nutrition, asset                  place;
                                                                   protection, etc;                            - Food reserve utilization
                                                                  Design working modalities for the               and          management
                                                                   use of risk financing and                       protocols prepared;
                                                                   contingency fund                            - Contingency plans for
                                                                  Establish a system for the use of               emergencies based on
                                                                   market price information to manage              weather          variability
                                                                   national response and price                     place;
                                                                   stabilization                               - A system for the use of
                                                                  Identify key staple crops in                    market price information
                                                                   vulnerable areas and establish                  to manage national
                                                                   emergency seed system;                          response and price
                                                                  Design         emergency        seed            stabilization developed;
                                                                   management mechanism including              - An inventory of the
                                                                   cold storage for emergency seed                 staple crops identified;
                                                                   stock;                                      - A mechanism for seed
                                                                  Based on long-term disaster                     management designed
                                                                   occurrences         make        detail          and applied;
                                                                   assessment           of      logistics      - Detail          assessment
                                                                   requirements       for    emergency             undertaken for the
                                                                   response including essential road               logistics requirements
                                                                   infrastructure to disaster prone                for emergency response
                                                                   areas;                                          and organization of
                                                                                                                   logistics in selected
                                                                  Deploy       essential    emergency
                                                                                                                   sites.
                                                                   logistical requirements on selected
                                                                   sites; and
Sub-Programme   Component                    Outputs                        Priority inputs/ activities                 Performance indicators               Means of verification      Assumptions
                                                                             Design a national guideline on
                                                                              additional logistics mobilization
                                                                              modalities       during     unforeseen
                                                                              national disasters.
                6.1.3:       Institutional    Reformulation           of    Revise existing DRMP strategies                - Output indicators:-           Annual Progress Reports     Entire community is
                System for Disaster Risk       national          disaster     and polices in the context of                  - Improved policy and           (ASR-PER,       DADPs);      commitment             in
                Management            and      management            and      TAFSIP and make necessary                        institutional capacity for    Joint     Implementation     understanding global
                Preparedness (DRMP)            preparedness policies          adjustments;                                     DRMP.                         Review Reports; Midterm      effects of climate
                                              Development             of    Initiate     public      debate    and         - Significantly minimized       Evaluation          and      change
                                               institutional capacity         awareness creation on the newly                  animal and human                                          Full       collaborative
                                                                                                                                                             Completion      Reports;
                                               for      disaster     risk     crafted DRMP strategies and                      diseases of economic                                       stakeholder
                                                                                                                               importance            and     End-term         Impact
                                               management            and      policies;                                                                                                   engagement             in
                                                                                                                               pandemics.                    Assessments
                                               preparedness                  Establish           the        required                                                                     implementing      FSN,
                                                                              organizational structures for DRMP                                                                          environmental       and
                                                                              up to the grassroots level such as             - Input indicators:-                                         related policies.
                                                                              multi sectoral national platforms              - DRMP            strategies
                                                                              with designated responsibilities at              conforms with TAFSIP
                                                                              the national through to the local                context;
                                                                              levels to facilitate coordination              - DRMP debated and
                                                                              across sectors;                                  publicly known by all
                                                                             Prepare necessary guidelines for                 stakeholders;
                                                                              the implementation of DRMP                     - Well structured DRMP
                                                                              strategies and policies;                         across the sectors,
                                                                             Integrate DRMP as appropriate into               administrative         and
                                                                              development policies and planning                community levels;
                                                                              at all levels of government including          - Clear guidelines for the
                                                                              in poverty reduction strategies and              implementation           of
                                                                              sectors and multi sector policies                DRMP prepared;
                                                                              and plans;                                     - Number       of     known
                                                                             Establish       weather      insurance           functional food reserve
                                                                              system;                                        - Weather         insurance
                                                                             Adopt or modify where necessary                  system established in
                                                                              legislation to support disaster risk             collaboration          with
                                                                              reduction including regulations and              competent agencies;
                                                                              mechanisms          that    encourage          - Necessary       legislation
                                                                              compliance and that promote                      amendments done to
                                                                              incentives for undertaking risk                  support disaster risk
                                                                              reduction and mitigation activities;             reduction;
                                                                             Ensure that DRMP is a national and             - Demonstrated strength
                                                                              a local priority with a strong                   of DRMP in the
Sub-Programme   Component   Outputs   Priority inputs/ activities                Performance indicators                Means of verification   Assumptions
                                        institutional         basis        for          implementation process
                                        implementation; and                             is recognized;
                                       Promote community participation in            - Number of stakeholders
                                        disaster risk reduction through the             participating in deserter
                                        adoption of specific policies the               risk reduction;
                                        promotion of networking the                   - The HR capacity gap
                                        strategic management of volunteer               identified and filled;
                                        resources the attribution of roles            - Number of institutions
                                        and responsibilities and the                    supported to incorporate
                                        delegation and provision of the                 early warning systems
                                        necessary authority and resources               into their policies;
                                       Assess existing human resource                - A well established
                                        and institutional capacities for                tracking and monitoring
                                        disaster risk management and                    system for food and
                                        preparedness at all levels and                  nutrition surveillance;
                                        develop capacity-building plans and           - Amount of resources
                                        programmes for meeting ongoing                  mobilized for continuous
                                        and future requirements;                        capacity building.
                                       Establish institutional capacities to         - A functional national
                                        ensure that early warning systems               contingency plan for
                                        are       well     integrated     into          disaster          response
                                        governmental policy and decision-               mechanism in place;
                                        making processes and emergency                - Number of mass media
                                        management systems at both the                  awareness programmes
                                        national and the local levels and are           prepared on TADs and
                                        subject to regular system testing               pandemics;
                                        and performance assessments;                  - Quantity of facilities and
                                       Strengthen tracking and monitoring              equipments supplied to
                                        of food and nutrition surveillance              support TADs and
                                        system;                                         pandemics control;
                                       Design and capacitate an inbuilt              - Number of veterinary
                                        knowledge management system for                 and medical staffs
                                        DRMP including policy monitoring;               trained on early warning
                                        and                                             and                 disaster
                                       Mobilize required resources for                 preparedness.
                                        continuous capacity building at all
                                        levels
                                       Formulate and implement a national
                                        contingency plan for disaster
                                        response mechanism and develop
Sub-Programme               Component                   Outputs                  Priority inputs/ activities                 Performance indicators                 Means of verification      Assumptions
                                                                                   capacity building plan for villages,
                                                                                   districts and national levels for
                                                                                   better and timely responding to
                                                                                   potential disaster shocks
                                                                                  Support mass awareness and
                                                                                   preparedness campaigns against
                                                                                   Trans-boundary Animal Diseases
                                                                                   (TADs) and pandemics;
                                                                                  Provide facilities and equipment
                                                                                   necessary for tackling outbreaks of
                                                                                   TADs and support functioning of
                                                                                   veterinary and medical laboratories
                                                                                   and;
                                                                                  Enhance capacity of veterinary and
                                                                                   medical staffs on early warning and
                                                                                   disaster preparedness procedures.
6.2: Climate Change         6.2.1      Strengthening    Awareness on effect of    Create awareness to farmers on             Output Indicator                     Annual Progress Reports    Entire community is
Adaptation and Mitigation   Climate          Change     climate       change       climate change and its impact on            - A comprehensive and                (ASR-PER,       DADPs);    committed                in
                            Adaptation and Mitigation   enhanced                   agriculture                                   efficient climate change           Joint     Implementation   understanding        global
                            Measures                                              Develop and design climate change             adaptation and mitigation          Review Reports; Midterm    effects of climate change
                                                                                   adaptive and mitigation measures in           mechanism is put in place.         Evaluation          and    .
                                                                                   agriculture;                                                                     Completion      Reports;
                                                                                  Promote the use of efficient wood          Input indicators                     End-term         Impact
                                                                                   fuel stoves and improved charcoal
                                                                                                                                                                    Assessments
                                                                                   kilns, biogas                               - Number of training manuals
                                                                                  Prepare and disseminate guideline/            prepared and distributed;
                                                                                   manual on agro-chemical and                 - Number of informative
                                                                                   packaging material handling;                  deserter bulletins issued to
                                                                                  Encourage                 participatory       all risky groups;
                                                                                   assessment of community based               - A national climate change
                                                                                   agro forestry potentials with a view          research               institute
                                                                                   to reversing vulnerability to climate         established and takes
                                                                                   change;                                       account of take account of
                                                                                  Train     communities       on      the       employment implications of
                                                                                   application      of      agro-forestry        adaptation actions;
                                                                                   technologies;                               - Number of new high yielding
                                                                                  Provide technical training to core            draught resistant varieties
                                                                                   staff of key departments of the               developed;
                                                                                   ASLMs to address issues on                  - A clear inventory based on
                                                                                                                                 national      capacity      and
Sub-Programme   Component   Outputs   Priority inputs/ activities              Performance indicators            Means of verification   Assumptions
                                        climate change;                            emergency preparedness
                                       Support the institute and other            against diseases and pests
                                        actors involved on climate change          of animal, human and plants
                                        research to enable them use in situ      - Number of staff trained
                                        and         space-based        earth
                                        observations, remote sensing,
                                        geographic information systems;
                                       Establish and support a national
                                        climate change research institute
                                        and units that will undertake guide
                                        and coordinate climate change
                                        related research and adaptation
                                        actions and their utilization in the
                                        country
                                       Support      research     on     the
                                        development of high yielding
                                        drought resistant and early maturing
                                        crop varieties
                                       Establish research capability on
                                        surveillance of emerging diseases
                                        human livestock and plant pests
                                        and invasive weeds linked to
                                        climate change
           Annex1B: PROGRAMME 6: DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION

      Sub-           Component               Outputs                  Priority inputs/ activities                    Performance indicators                   Means of             Assumptions
  Programme                                                                                                                                                  verification
 6.1: Disaster     6.1.1:   Animal     The islands fully      Formulate and implement a national            Output indicators:-                        Z-ASLM /MANR         Full collaborative
 Risk              Diseases     and     protected against       contingency plan for disaster response          - The islands which are free from          Progress Reports;     stakeholder
 Management        Zoonosis             introduction and        mechanism and develop capacity                    animal and human diseases of            Annual impact         engagement in
 and               Response     and     spread of trans-        building plan for Shehias, districts and          economic importance and                  assessments;          implementing
 Preparedness      Preparedness         boundary animal         national levels for better and timely             pandemics.                              Midterm               Animal Resources
                                        diseases (TADs) and     responding to potential disaster shocks                                                    evaluation and        Management Act,
                                        pandemics including    Support mass awareness and                    Input indicators:-                          completion of         Livestock Policy,
                                        zoonosis.               preparedness campaigns against Trans-            - A functional national contingency       reports.              and health related
                                                                boundary Animal Diseases (TADs) and                plan for disaster response                                    policies.
                                                                pandemics;                                         mechanism in place;
                                                               Provide facilities and equipment                 - Number of mass media awareness
                                                                necessary for tackling outbreaks of                programmes prepared on TADs and
                                                                TADs and support functioning of                    pandemics;
                                                                veterinary and medical laboratories and;         - Quantity of facilities and
                                                               Enhance capacity of veterinary and                 equipments supplied to support
                                                                medical staffs on early warning and                TADs and pandemics control;
                                                                disaster preparedness procedures.                - Number of veterinary and medical
                                                                                                                   staffs trained on early warning and
                                                                                                                   disaster preparedness.
6.2: Capacity      6.2.1 Design and    Agro-forestry          Develop agro-forestry practices tool kit      Output indicators:                         Progressive            Active
development        implement            practices enhanced      for district officers (forestry and              - Types of agro-forestry practices        Reports (annuals,       engagement of
on         agro-   programme for        country wide            agriculture) and farmers;                          developed and implemented               midterm); field         district officers
forestry           capacity                                    Develop agro-forestry training package                                                     observation;            and farmers
practices.         enhancement on                               for district officers (forestry &               Input indicators                          review report
                   agro-forestry                                agriculture);                                    - Number of agro-forestry tool kit
                   practices                                   Provide extensive trainings on agro-               and training packages developed
                                                                forestry practices to progressive farmers          and used;
                                                                and district officers at each district;          - Number of District officers and
                                                               Establish and support farmer’s field               progressive farmers trained on
                                                                schools on agro-forestry at each district.         agro-forestry practices;
                                                                                                                 - Number of agro-forestry training
                                                                                                                   conducted;
- Number of Farmer field schools
  established and supported.
         Programme 6 (Zanzibar) continues……………


Sub-Programme         Component                 Outputs                   Priority inputs/ activities         Performance indicators                         Means of             Assumptions
                                                                                                                                                            verification
6.3. Biodiversity   6.3.1      Design     Motivation      and      Develop and implement motivation            Output indicators:                     Progressive             Commitment
conservation and    environmental          incentives schemes        scheme and incentives for best               - Motivation and incentives schemes     Reports (annuals,        of the forest
management          conservation fund      developed       and       biodiversity practices at local                for participatory biodiversity        midterm); field          authority
                    to         provide     applied by 2015           community/Shehia level                         conservation in place and applied     observation;
                    motivation     and    Participatory            Identify Shehias with goods records                                                  review report
                    incentives             management        of      on biodiversity conservation and            Input indicators:
                    schemes in order       biodiversity              provide necessary incentive for their         - Types of motivation schemes
                    to        improve      resources enhanced        efforts                                         developed and practiced;
                    biodiversity                                                                                   - Types of incentives scheme
                    conservation                                                                                     developed and practiced;
                                                                                                                   - Number of Shehias benefited with
                                                                                                                     developed schemes.
                    6.3.2.   Develop      The          national    Conduct      baseline    survey    and      Output indicators:                     Progress Reports        Financial
                    National               strategy developed        situational analysis                         - Number of study reports carried       (annuals,                availability.
                    Biodiversity           by the end of 2013       Develop people’s biodiversity register          out.                                 midterm); field
                    Strategy                                         (Landscape, Peoples cape, etc.)              - Registers for IK carried out          observation;
                                                                                                                  - Number of Participatory meetings,     review reports;
                                                                    Participatory and stakeholder analysis
                                                                                                                     seminars, workshops carried out.     Auditing.
                                                                    Facilitate and support implementation
                                                                                                                  - Databank established
                                                                    Establish data bank
                                                                                                                 Input indicators:
                                                                                                                   - Funds released
                                                                                                                   - Technicians available
                                                                                                                   - Capacity building

                    6.3.3.Spatial and     All significant          Conduct baseline survey of all              Output indicators:                     Progress Reports        Financial
                    temporal               inland wetlands           wetlands registered.                         - Number of wetland spots recorded.     (annuals,                availability
                    assessment     of      registered               Carry out ground water quality               - GPS database developed                midterm); field         Availability
                    wetlands              All significant           analysis/salinity measurements               - Spatial Maps/Digital developed        observation;             of GPS
                                           coastal wetlands         Determine surface area of registered         - Local and District Planning           review reports;          Software
                                           registered                and documented wetlands                         developed                            Auditing.               Establishment
                                                                                                                 Input indicators:                                                of the GPS
                                                                                                                   - Funds released                                                Lab DoE.
                                                                                                                   - Field survey conducted
                                                                                                                   - Technicians available
        Programme 6 (Zanzibar) continues……………


Sub-Programme        Component                Outputs                   Priority inputs/ activities          Performance indicators                            Means of               Assumptions
                                                                                                                                                              verification
 6.4      Forest   6.4.1 Strengthen     Selected Forest          Undertake participatory forest               Output indicators:                        Progressive               Commitment
management and     management of         areas are managed         assessment for carbon stock                   - Total area of natural forests            Reports (annuals,          of forest
development for    protected   areas     for carbon trade          estimation of Forest Protected Areas            registered for carbon trade business     midterm); review           authority,
carbon     trade   and community         business                  and Community forest areas                      and fund disbursed                       report, field              rural
business           forest      areas                              Sensitize community and other                                                            observation                community
                   (including sacred                               stakeholders on the importance of            Input indicators:                                                     and other
                   forests)                                        conserving forests for carbon trade            - Forest Carbon emission level                                       stakeholders
                                                                   business                                         estimated
                                                                  Conduct training on opportunity cost           - Hectors of forest areas put under
                                                                   of REDD+ for forestry and                        conservation status
                                                                   environmental staff, NGOs and                  - Number of personnel trained in
                                                                   community                                        opportunity cost of REDD+
                   6.4.2. Encourage     New forest areas         Identify and map suitable sites for          Output indicators:                        Progressive               Effective
                   private               established for           forestation and reforestation                 - New areas (ha) afforested and            Reports (annuals,          collaboration
                   investment     in     carbon trade              programme country wide                           reforested for carbon business          midterm); review           with
                   aforestation and      business                 Support government and potential                                                         report, field              stakeholders
                   reaforestation                                  private tree nurseries in seedlings          Input indicators:                          observation
                   development                                     production                                    - New area of forests established
                                                                                                                 - Number of tree nurseries supported
                                                                                                                 - Number of seedling produced
                                                                                                                 - Types of tree species planted
                   6.4.3.   Support     Carbon     financing     Develop awareness program on                 Output indicators:                        Progress Reports;         Availability
                   REDD      Carbon      framework         for     REDD’s legal payments.                        - Shehia level seminars conducted          review report,             of Funds
                   Financing and         Zanzibar established     Facilitate establishment of transparent       - National level Stakeholder               media oulets,             Coordination
                   Marketing            Awareness         on      flow of payments to the target                  workshops conducted.                     publications; field        with all the
                   Mechanism for         REDD       financing      communities.                                  - A manual for REDD strategy for           observation                stakeholders
                   Zanzibar              programs raised.         Mainstream establishment of a                   Zanzibar developed.                                                 involved.
                                        Policy framework          Zanzibar REDD fund unit
                                         with regards to                                                        Input indicators:
                                         REDD’s financial                                                        - Participatory work plan with
                                         flow issued.                                                              DoFNRNR and other stakeholders.
                                                                                                                 - Number of meetings/workshops
                                                                                                                   supported
                                                                                                                - Type of financial model selected.
6.5                  6.5.1     Support     Capacity building       Training of DoE staff achieved            Output indicators:                        Progress Reports;         Willingness
Environmental        environmental          for DoE on              Procurement of monitoring facilities       - Number of staff trained                 field observation          of institutions
Management of        monitoring of the      monitoring of coral      completed.                                 - Number of field surveys carried out                                (local,
Zanzibar             existing fisheries     reef zones                                                          - Number of equipment purchased                                      international.
Fisheries            banks                  developed.                                                                                                                               Etc)
Resources                                                                                                      Input indicators:                                                   Availability
                                                                                                                - Funds made available.                                              of trainable
                                                                                                                                                                                     staff
         Programme 6 (Zanzibar) continues……………


Sub-Programme           Component                Outputs                  Priority inputs/ activities       Performance indicators                           Means of               Assumptions
                                                                                                                                                            verification
6.6. Sensitization   6.6.1 Support the     Awareness               Conduct Baseline survey on land use       Output indicators:                       Progress Reports;         Availability
programs        on   implementation of      programs developed       planning                                   - Baseline report developed               field observations,        of Funds
conservation of      the      localized     and disseminated,       Develop Local land use planning            - Number of field surveys carried out     Manual, Media             Coordination
arable lands         land-use planning     Local land use           manual.                                    - Land use plan manual developed          programs.                  with all the
                                            activity planning       Implement awareness programs               - Number of                                                          stakeholders
                                            developed and                                                         meetings/seminars/workshops                                        involved.
                                            implemented.                                                          /media carried out

                                                                                                                Input indicators:
                                                                                                                 - Number of staff involved
                                                                                                                 - Funds available for the program
6.7.Development      6.7.1                 Climate Change and      Carry out studies on economics            Number of research reports published     Publications,             Availability
of a Research        Development of         food security            impact of climate change on               Publication of climate change study       Study Series               of Funds
Master Plan for      Environmental          research unit of DoE     livelihoods (Agriculture, Fisheries,       series achieved                           production,               Coordination
Climate Change       Study       Series     established              Water, and Livestock).                    Website for DoE developed                                            with all the
and        Food      related to Climate    Environmental           Develop website                                                                                                 stakeholders
Security             Change,                Study Series carried                                                                                                                     involved
studies.             Agriculture, and       out
                     Food Security
6.8      Climate     6.8.1 Assessment      Climate Change          Develop climate change related            Output indicators:                       field observations,       Availability
Change               of     the socio-      Hazard Maps              hazard mapping information system          - Baseline report developed               outreach                   of Funds
Vulnerability        economic               developed               Improve and update early warning           - Number of field surveys carried out     programs,                  Coordination
Assessment and       implications    of    Vulnerability            system communications                      - Number of vulnerable areas and                                     with all the
Disaster hazard      the impacts of         assessment study        Coordinate outreach                          communities identified                                             stakeholders
mapping              climate                carried out.             adaptation/mitigation programs on                                                                               involved
                     change,climate                                  vulnerable groups and communities         Input indicators:
                      variability,and                                                                             - Funds available for the program
                      sea level rise




6.9 Management        6.6.1     Improve     Contribution of non-    Conduct non wood forest products           Output indicators:                        Progressive             Effective
of non wood           management of          wood forestry            survey to documents its potential and       - A report shown potential non wood        Reports (annuals,        collaboration
forest     products   non-wood forest        products on food         contribution in local community food          forest products and its contribution     midterm); review         with
for livelihood        products        to     security is              security                                      to local livelihood                      report                   stakeholders
                      support      local     documented
                      livelihood                                                                                 Input indicators:
                                                                                                                  - Completion of survey on non wood
                                                                                                                    forest products;
                                                                                                                  - Results and documentation of non
                                                                                                                    wood forest products

          Programme 6 (Zanzibar) continues……………


Sub-Programme           Component                 Outputs                  Priority inputs/ activities        Performance indicators                            Means of             Assumptions
                                                                                                                                                               verification
6.10 Integrating      6.10.1 Improve        Baseline survey on      Conduct gender analysis and social         Output indicators:                        Progressive             Effective
Gender into CC        the     role   of      vulnerable areas and     impact assessment on CC particularly        - Social impact of CC on women and         Reports (annuals,        collaboration
programs              women         and      women groups             on women and vulnerable groups                vulnerable group identified              midterm); review         with
                      vulnerable groups      conducted                                                                                                       report                   stakeholders
                      in climate change     Gender                  Develop CC awareness programs to
                      adaptation    and      mainstreaming and        sensitize gender especially women          Input indicators:
                      mitigation.            gender action plan       vulnerable groups on impact of CC on        - Completion of assessment on social
                                             programs related to      their livelihoods                             impact on CC
                                             Climate Change                                                       - Results and documentation of
                                             carried out                                                            impact of CC on women and
                                                                                                                    vulnerable group

6.11. Community       6.11.1                Capacity of the         Conduct a baseline survey on               Output indicators:                        Progressive             Effective
based     Climate     Strengthening the      community to adapt       community CC adaptation and                 - Small scale projects on CC               Reports (annuals,        collaboration
Change                capacity of the        and mitigate the         mitigation capacity assessment and            adaptation and mitigation designed       midterm); review         with
Adaptation and        community      to      impact   of    CC        gain an understanding of local                and implemented                          report                   stakeholders
Mitigation            CCAM                   enhanced                 knowledge of a changing climate and
                                                                      of coping strategies.                      Input indicators:
 Conduct stakeholders workshop to      - Completion of baseline survey on
  present findings                        community capacity on CC
 Design appropriate management tools     adaptation and Mitigation
  for monitoring and evaluation of CC   - Results and documentation of
  risks at local level                    community capacity, local
 Design and Support community based      knowledge on changing climate
  CC adaptation and mitigation            and coping strategies
  initiatives                           - Number of stakeholders workshop
                                          conducted

						
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