biome_project

							Randy Knox

Period 6

Rapin

5/15/11

Biome picked for this project Temperate ocean.

Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as
communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems.

    1. My biome is the temperate oceans. They cover three quarters of the world. This is the biggest
        biome that there is and the broadest amounts of life too. There are so many different creatures
        here. One of the most well known creatures that live here is the shark. There are so many types
        of sharks. They are everywhere in this biome. Other types of animals are like birds who live on
        high cliffs.
    2. 4 abiotic factors that affect this biome is 1 the ocean, 2 land masses, 3 the sand and silt used to
        house all the fish, 4 Ice and glaciers. Abiotic components are non-living chemical and physical
        factors in the environment.
    3. Well water bodies affect my biome because the biome is water. There are no land masses In my
        biome so they do not affect my biome.
    4. The temperature affects a lot of this biome. If it gets to cold the some fish could die and it’s the
        same if it gets too hot it’s the same thing. The average of this biome is 41o f.
    5. Precipitation does not affect this biome for it’s a water based biome so the amount of water
        does not really matter.
    6. No seasonality does not really affect this environment because the ocean stays the same
        temperature between each season.
    7. Some fish might die if the water were to get to hot or too cold and if this were to happen then
        other fish would die because there food source (the other fish) have died. Distribution: The
        geographic occurrence or range of an organism. Abundance: The geographic occurrence or
        range of an organism.
    8. No my species do not have territories in the ocean. Fish just swim where ever they want too. In
        ethology the term territory refers to any sociographical area that an animal of a particular
        species consistently defends against conspecifics.
    9. Mark and recapture method is a way of tracking an animal’s size in population. Researchers will
        tag certain animals and leave them for awhile. Then they will track them and their young to get
        an accurate description of their population size. Mark and recapture is a method commonly
        used in ecology to estimate population size.
    10. This species uses the type 1 survivorship curve. A survivorship curve is a graph showing the
        number or proportion of individuals surviving at each age for a given species or group.
    11. This species is part of a k-selection population. R/K selection theory relates to the selection of
        combinations of traits in an organism that trade off between quantity or quality of offspring.
12. Dependant: Predators, competition, crowding. Independent: Weather. density-dependent
    inhibition describes a situation in which population growth is curtailed by crowding, predators
    and competition. Density-independent inhibition, where other factors such as weather or
    environmental conditions and disturbances may affect a population's carrying capacity.
13. Sand may be used as a home for my species where as it is used with other animals to help them
    grow and live.
14. An example of Predation is a Baskin Shark eating plankton. An example of Parasitism is a fish
    cleaning a shark. The fish gets protection and the shark gets clean. An example of Herbivory is a
    fish eating coral. An example of mutualism is a clownfish that dwells among the sea tentacles.
    Predation is when a predator feeds on its prey. Parasitism is where two organisms have a
    relationship where one benefits from the other. Herbivory is another version of predation and
    is when an animal feeds on plants. Mutualism is when two organisms work together to get a
    increased reproductive output. commensalism is a class of relationship between two organisms
    where one organism benefits but the other is neutral
15. A batesian mimicry is when an organism makes it self seem like a predator and a Mullerian
    mimicry is where two species mimic each others predatorily skills. Müllerian mimicry is a
    natural phenomenon when two or more harmful species, that may or may not be closely related
    and share one or more common predators, have come to mimic each other's warning signals.
    Batesian mimicry is a form of mimicry typified by a situation where a harmless species has
    evolved to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species directed at a common predator.
16. Predators use this to seem harmless then when their prey isn’t looking or doesn’t care the
    predators attack.
17. An example of this would be plankton. They should not be able to live with the amount of
    sunlight they get. Competitive exclusion principle is a proposition which states that two species
    competing for the same resources cannot coexist if other ecological factors are constant.
18. An ecological niche is a term describing the relational position of a species or population in its
    ecosystem to each other.
19. Fundamental Niche: The full range of environmental conditions and resources an organism can
    possibly occupy and use, especially when limiting factors are absent in its habitat. Realized
    Niche: The part of fundamental niche that an organism occupies as a result of limiting factors
    present in its habitat.
20. Interspecific competition, in ecology, is a form of competition in which individuals of different
    species compete for the same resource in an ecosystem. Resource partitioning: the process by
    which natural selection drives competing species into different patterns of resource use or
    different niches.
21. Animals with specific adaptations are like turtles that have a shell so whenever they feel
    threatened they hide in there shell.
22. Food chains and food webs are representations of the predator-prey relationships between
    species within an ecosystem or habitat.
23. A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionate effect on its environment relative to
    its biomass.
24. Ecological succession: refers to more or less predictable and orderly changes in the composition
    or structure of an ecological community.
25. The autotrophs make organic compounds and the heterotrophs use them to live.
26. They refer to energy transfer like heat and work. Which can be related to autotrophs and them
    doing work.
27. Decomposers in the Ocean include marine worms, bacteria, and Marine Seaweed.
28. Algae, Phyto plankton and many others.
29. Energy flows not cycles in the ocean.
30. Upwelling is an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler,
    and usually nutrient-rich water towards the ocean surface, replacing the warmer, usually
    nutrient-depleted surface water.
31. These are graphical representations of biomasses and such.
32. Because whales and large sharks and stuff eat plankton rather then secondary consumers.
33. …
34. Source of contaminants in an environment like the one I have chosen would be like oil spills or
    garbage. Those kind of things that don’t help the environment at all.
35. Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic
36. Biological magnification is the increase in concentration of a substance.
37. Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena observed since the late 1970s: a
    steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of ozone in Earth's stratosphere (the
    ozone layer), and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone over Earth's polar
    regions.
38. Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire
    planet. Without it people would die. For we need different animals for different things. Like we
    need fat from whales and other stuff like meat from fish.
39. Extinction, Global warming, and humans are three examples of things that can affect
    biodiversity. Whales and other animals going extinct. The water getting to warm And killing off
    animals. Humans fishing to much and making animals extinct.
40. Three examples of endangered animals are whales, dolphins, and manatees. Endangered
    animals are animal species that are almost completely gone.
41. Extinction will affect the environment and its populations because without that species others
    won’t have food/shelter/predators/etc… Extinction is when a population of an animal goes
    down to nonexistent.
42. Some ways scientists keep track of a population that might be declining is by tagging. They will
    tag animals then record the data the tag gives them. When a time period goes through then the
    scientists will analyze the data and put it into a graph that will show how or if they declined.
43. Well you always have to keep track of the species and to do that you need money. That’s one of
    the big things, money.
44. Conservation biology is the scientific study of the nature and status of Earth's biodiversity with
    the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction.
    Well it could keep an eye on this species and keep track of their habits and their population.