The Earth

							    CHANGES
WITHIN THE EARTHS
    SURFACE
              The Earth’s Layers
                                         1. Core - center
                                            Inner - solid/ outer-liquid
                                          2. Mantle
                                            thick layer of rock
                                          3. Crust
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          Land, Air and Water
 Lithosphere   --surface material (soil, rock, and other
  landforms)
 Atmosphere -- substances above the surface (air and
  water)
 Biosphere -- plants, animals, and other living things
 Continents -- 7 separate
 Relief -- difference in elevation
                        Plate Tectonics
                                        Movement    and
                                         shifting of the
                                         plates
                                        THERE ARE 4
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                                         TYPES OF PLATE
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                                         MOVEMENT
       4 Types of Movement
Subduction  -- lighter plate slides down
 toward the mantle
Sea - Floor Spreading -- Magma comes
 from underneath and moves it away
Converging -- collide and create Mt.
Faulting -- plates slip or grind past each
 other
       Changes on the Surface
 Weathering   - break down at or near the Earth’s
  surface

 1. Mechanical -- rock is actually broken or weakened
  physically
 Example--frost wedging
 2. Chemical -- Alters rocks chemical make up
       a. Carbonic Acid -- dissolves rock
       b. Acid rain -- chemicals combine with water
             EROSION
Movement    of weathered materials
 including gravel, soil, and sand

Agents   -- water, wind and glaciers
               Water
Carries  sediment away and this will
 grind away at the rock
Flood plain -- forms on the sides of
 rivers
Delta -- flat, low-lying plain formed
 at the mouth of the river, where the
 river enters the lake
              Glaciers
Huge  slow moving sheets of ice
4 ice ages
Moraines -- piles of rock and debris
 left by glaciers