Keith Chan
Physics Planning Lab (B)- Melting Ice Apparatus / Equipment 1. A beaker with calibrated graduation marks printed (Capacity: 500 mL) 2. 1 kg of crushed ice 3. A weighing scale 4. Two thermometer 5. A stop watch 6. A clamp and stand 7. 8. An insulated container A clip
Experimental Set-up
Thermometer Stop watch
Clip
Tape water
Lump of Ice
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Clamp and stand Beaker Weighing scale Insulated Container with 1 kg of ice and thermometer inside
Controlling variables: 1. Fill the water to the same level (300 mL) every time the experiment is repeated to maintain same initial volume of water. Place ice in an insulated container with good insulation with surrounding to ensure the same initial temperature of ice. Measure temperature of ice that is on the top layer to ensure temperature
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Keith Chan
recorded is the real temperature of ice taken. 4. Pour away the water left behind from previous experiment and refill the beaker with tape water (as temperature of tape water will not fluctuate greatly when conducting the experiment) and measure the temperature of water to ensure the initial temperature of water is the same. Do not stir the ice in all experiments to ensure the same amount of stirring is applied after ice is added. Conduct the weighing of ice process as fast as possible to limit heat transfer between ice and surrounding. Transfer ice form container to weigh scale and weight scale to water with a clip to limit heat transfer between human hands and ice. Repeat experiment in the same place to ensure same room (surrounding) temperature. Keep the surrounding air movement constant by limiting the movement of personnel when conducting the experiment. Gathering Data 1. Fill the beaker with tape water till the 300 mL mark and record the initial temperature of water. Record the temperature of ice in the insulated container. Take some ice and weigh it on the weighing scale Then, record the mass of ice. Immediately put the ice into the water and start the stop watch. When all the ice is melted (by observation) or when the temperature of the water-ice mixture reaches 0oC (which ever comes first), stop the stop watch and record the time taken. Pour away the ice-water mixture and repeat steps 1 to 4 with a different amount (mass) of ice for at least 7 times to collect adequate data for graph plotting.
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