fg jisc heacad context 2006 day

							       JISC HE Academy



    Issues to address in
  contextualising learning
resources; some heuristics
 fred.garnett@becta.org.uk
Community Learning - Becta
             JISC HE Academy

TOPICS
Background
Context Modelling
Metadata for Community Content
Learner Modelling
Community Content Design Principles
Context; an Ecology of Resources
Context Tools; ELTI & Scenarios
           Issues (who owns learning)
              JISC HE Academy


Background
University teaching 1979 – 1981
FE Teaching 1982 – 2000
Social Impact of IT 1984-2000
eLearning Resource Development 1997-2001
Community Content Development 2002-2004
Metadata for Andragogy;
Socially Inclusive Learning for the Knowledge Democracy
              JISC HE Academy
Context Modelling CALL Initiative;
UK online centres
Community Grids for Information
NOF-DIGI Resources – EnrichUK
Socially Inclusive Learning providing; “Additionality
& Progression”
How do (those) people learn?
LTRI Grounded Theory – “Lifecycles” Model
              JISC HE Academy

Metadata for Community Content Project
1. Best Practice in Community Learning
2. How People Learn in UK online Centres
      1. Andragogic, Follow interests
      2. Learning Community, “Lifecycles”
      3. Animateurs, Timely Interventions
3. Learning Context - Lifecycles model of “supported
development”
              JISC RSC Northwest

Learner Modelling (see handout)
“Goal-seeking” motivated learners
Animateurs as “Trusted Intermediaries” provide
“timely interventions”
Animateur build learning communities & mentors
Learners respond to social needs
Animateurs suggests resources (from links page)
                JISC HE Academy

Learner Modelling (see handout)
“Goal-seeking” motivated learners
Animateurs as “Trusted Intermediaries” provide “timely
interventions”
Animateur build learning communities & mentors
Learners respond to local needs build centre “lifecycle”
Infomediaries develop learning resources (from toolkits)
for “second-tier” hosting resources (VLE’s?)
               JISC HE Academy

Community Development Model of Learning
Attractor Stage;
Open, welcoming Locations, Learners follow interests
Self-supporting “learning community”
Engagement Stage;
Timely Interventions, Goal Articulation, Discussion
Counselling and Courses
Needs “Trusted Intermediaries”
               JISC HE Academy

Digital Divide Content Debate
From Access to Content
Online Content for Underserved Americans
Contentbank.org, CGfL’s, Cybrarian
Conclusions;
      Local Content for Local People
      Tools and Skills Approach
      Content Creation Toolkits and Training
             “Context is King”
                 JISC HE Academy

Summary
Socially-inclusive Community Learning is interest-driven
Learner-modelling needs to adapt to learning context
Animateurs use interest information to develop learners;
      Community Development Model of Learning
Community Content is about Context, Tools & Skills
Content-creation toolkits; hosted, andragogic, adaptable
Interoperability & Standards must account for Andragogy,
             Accessibility, Inclusive socially & digitally
                JISC HE Academy

Design Principles (Content Creation Toolkits)
1. Process-based (Andragogic)
2. Interest-driven learning
3. Learner-model defined (webquests)
4. Templates developed mapped to Learner model
5. Content contextualised by animateurs
6. Learners use resources, with peer support
7. Animateur review resources with info-mediaries
                 JISC HE Academy

Context & Issues
Broaden out debate looking at an HE approach
Context; an Ecology of Resources
Categories of resources that form a Learning Context
       Content; the Stuff to be learnt
       Process; the ways Stuff can be learnt
       Location; places in which learning takes place
Organising Activities; a set of dynamic activities such as;
                       JISC HE Academy

Organising Activities;     The representation and communication of the
teacher/expert/more able peer's situation definition
The representation and communication of each learner's situation definition
A means of making the situation definition representation accessible to the
learner, other people and devices within and beyond a single location
A means to identify and represent the range of qualities and quantities of
assistance that can be made available to the learner
The provision of mechanisms through which individuals can communicate and
negotiate
Assistance to support participants to collaborate in their formulation of a
shared situation definition (scaffolding)
A mechanism to ensure that assistance is targeted to the learner's needs

                  The provision and allocation of resources to accomplish tasks
Context: an Ecology of Resources
                              CONTE NT - THE STUFF TO BE LEARNT
  KNOWLEDG E –                                       CURRICULUM      –
  a) Intelle ctual/scientific/formal –Abstract and   a w ay of structuring the know ledge to form a
  often very decontextualised                        subset of know ledge organized in a particular
                                                     sort of way to mee t an purpose - to formaliz e
  b) Tac it know ledge – mor e obvious in craft
                                                     the learnin g.
  contexts, usually contextualized which can
  lead to restrictions within a limited contextual   More applic able to scientific know ledge than
  sphere.                                            tacit know ledge.
  b) Meta - Know ledge                               Can b e used to ensure comparisons
                        PROCE SS - WAYS THAT STUFF CAN BE LEARNT
  TOOL S / MED IATIO NAL ME ANS – ways for           PEOPLE w ho know mor e about X or how to
  learners to mak e contact and connect w ith        do X than the learner.
  know ledge and/or perform skill s.
                                                     Can buil d relationships betw een resources to
  a) physical tools e.g. a paintbrush                animate them for the learner.
  b) semiotic/psychological tools e.g. language      Vast range of interaction possibilities
  Comput ing technolog y can be physical and
  involve c ommu nication throug h languag e.
                         PLACES IN WHICH LEARNING CAN TAKE PLA CE
  LOCA TIO N –                                       ORGAN ISATION/ADMINIST RATIO N OF
                                                     THE LOCATIO N –
  physical environment/location and its
  compone nts such as desks and ta bles or           May include t ime as w ell as space
  trees and shrubs.                                  constraints e.g. lesson leng th.
                                                     Technology affords possibilities for
                                                     circumventi ng organization.
                 JISC HE Academy

Context Modelling
Use the ELTI Tools to review institutional readiness
Use the “Key institutional factors” to personalise review
Develop Scenarios future modelling use scenarios
Use Matrix tool as a heuristic?
Incorporate Context-Modelling in to Organisational Reviews
(Public Value issues add Networked approaches?)
                 JISC HE Academy

Issues (who owns learning?)
1. What definition of e-learning (Learner-centric?)
2. Context Modelling; ELTI, Ecology of Resources (Static
and Dynamic Elements, User Scenarios
3. Learner Modelling; Pedagogic, Andragogic, Heutagogic
4. Resource Design; Lesson Plans, Learning Objects,
Learning Pathways or Objective-matched Template design?
5. Staff Development; Best contextualising resource, skills?
? Is Contextualising provided by LAMS “Saved Learning
             Paths and “Saved Learning Paths”?
Learners and Pedagogy


               A = Zone of Available
               Assistance


                        B = Zone of
       ZPD
                        Proximal
     learner            Adjustment
                       more
                       able
                       partner
                                JISC HE Academy
Links
Community Content Design Issues and Resources
http://www.contentbank.org/homepage.asp
http://www.contentbank.org/addition_tools.asp
http://www.londonmet.ac.uk/ltri/research/informal.htm
http://neukol.org.uk/comchall/ - online pub quiz (community challenge)
http://www.enrichuk.net/ (see Showcase and Multikulti)
www.learners.org.uk
Community Centre Development Principles
www.bctpartners.com/resources/CTCs_as_Catalysts.pdf
Context Resources
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/index.cfm?name=project_elti
http://jime.open.ac.uk/2005/22/luckin-2005-22-03.html
http://www.sussex.ac.uk/elearning/strategy.php
http://www.elearningeuropa.info/extras/new_learning_env.pdf
www.liv.ac.uk/ccr/2005_conf/subject_areas/education_complexity/full_papers/VargaAtkinsFullPaperweb2.doc