the impact of management communication for effective organizational performance

							      THE IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATION FOR

        EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE.

        (A CASE STUDY OF ANAMMCO ANAMBRA MOTOR

              MANUFACTURING COMPANY LTD)




                   TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT



CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND
1.2   STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

1.3   PURPOSE OF STUDY

1.4   SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

1.5   RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.6   DEFINITION OF TERMS



CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1   MEANING OF COMMUNICATION

2.2   FEATURES OF COMMUNICATION

2.3   PURPOSE OF COMMUNICATION

2.4   THE COMMMUNICATION PROCESS

2.5   TYPES/METHODS OF COMMUNICATION

2.6   COMMUNICATION BARRIERS

2.7   PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE/GOOD COMMUNICATION

2.8   IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION



CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOOGY

3.1   RESEARCH DESIGN

3.2   AREA COVERED BY STUDY

3.3   POPULATION OF THE STUDY

3.4   SAMPLE AND SAMPLE SIZE

3.5   INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION

3.6   INSTRUMENT ADMINISTRATION

3.7   METHOD OF DATA ANALYIS



CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS

4.1   DATA ANALYSIS

4.3   DISCUSSION



CHAPTER FIVE

DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION

5.1   DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

5.2   RECOMMENDATION
5.3   CONCLUSION

5.4   LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

REFERENCES

APPENDIX
                               CHAPTER ONE

                              INTRODUCTION

Communication is the act of transferring information from one person to

another, creature and point to point. It could also be means of transmitting and

conveying of ideas, attitudes, views and opinions from person to person,

generation to generation, communication to a very large audience and vice

versa.

Social organization cannot survive without communication. You can imagine

what the situation will be like if you gather people together and cannot

communicate to them, the situation will be quite uncontrollable. Irrespective

of how poor or rich and organization is there exist some spectrum of

communication in all without it, no organization. It is so vital that without it,

no organization can succeed. Infact, communication is indispensable to human

existence because one must need to communicate with people around him, to

share ideas, experience and feelings.

An organization without channels of communication or where it is not working

well, should need it or have the already existing ones re-in-forced.         The

employers would like the feelings of the employees, customers, and the general
public communication to help streamline action and activities in the

organization.

The employees, more especially would like to know the objective of the

organization in which they are working for. They will like to know when

changes mainly those that will affect them are about to be effected. They will

also like to know what is expected of tem in the organization, to abide by the

rules and regulations and to make known to the organization their feeling,

decisive aspiration and efforts. They will also like to be recogn by other

members of the organization especially management. An organization is

deemed a good one when it’s objectives are derived from those of it’s member

and this can only be achieve by establishing an effective downward, upward

and lateral communication system.         Hence he is well informed of the

organizational plans and given at same time the chance to make his own

contributions to the advantage of the management and its entirely.



1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Every organization has a definite objective which it strives to achieve and live

up to. For instance, legal institutions at their various levels aims at turning out
good, disciplined and well behaved citizens for the country social, economic

and political development. Police and other law enforcement agencies have the

objective of curbing and suspension of deviant behaviours and to bring public

order to sanity in the society.      Business organization are set up for the

provision of goods and services to the people at minimum cost and maximum

profit. Education institutions at their various levels aims at turning out literate

citizens with light level manpower for the country social, economic and

political development.

Voluntary and religions organization like the red-cross, boys-scouts, girls-

guides, boys and girls brigades and various churches are set up moral

instrument, character molding and offering human: train services to the needy.

According to Ubeku (1983:20) human resources are the most important tools

of every organization; since without them, other resources cannot operate.



These personnel who are the vehicles through which organizational objectives

are attained have to be properly managed for effective performance,

management awards to Aenyer (1970:20) is concerned with the direction and

control of an organization. It involves planning and direction of work of others.
These managerial functions cannot be successfully executed in the absent of

communication. It is particularly important in the function of directing and

leading.

It is only when people can discus and interact with one another that they can

open up and trust each other with a        share of their true selves. Hence,

communication is the life wire of the society.

Communication function is the means by which organized activity is unified,

social inputs are fed into organization, behaviour is modified, change are effect

information is made productive and goals are achieved. A personnel officer or

a superior officer engages in communication with an individual with the

purpose of changing his behaviour. He may have disciplinary or corrective

objective in counseling situations which has high emotional content. The

superior should listen empathically to the employees or subordinates. Empathy

means putting oneself in somebody else shoes or place and emotions.

Empathetic listening is therefore a part of two way communication.           The

subordinate must have the opportunity to express himself and it is only when

he has made himself known that the superior will know where to assist him.
Communication is essential for both internal and external functioning of

enterprises. Its needs internally includes integrating the managerial function to

develop plans for their achievement; to organize human and material resources

for maximum productivity and above all to create the conducive atmosphere

for effective and efficient organizational performance.



External communication is also vital for every organization in other to achieve

success. It is through information exchange that managers do know the needs

of their numerous customers both, consumers and suppliers, legal and

community requirements, conditions in the labour market, new product line

expectations, plans and strengthen plans for business trend innovations. No

organization, be it military, business religions or even government can succeed

without external interaction and influence which is only possible through

communication.

                   Brow (1983:116) stressed that communication is the

                   process of transmitting ideas and thoughts from one person

                   to another for the purpose of creating understanding in the

                   thinking of the person receiving the information.
This emphasis on understanding focuses attention on the importance of

communication for effective organizational performance.

             Anker (1978:102) stated that information is the manager’s main

             tool since, he does not “handle” people but, motivate, guide and

             direct them to perform in conformity with the desired goals. The

             manager’s only tool to do this language charts gestures and other

             movements.

Whatever method that is applied, the important thing is understanding by the

receiver for the necessary action.        No matter the managers job, his

effectiveness depends on his ability to speak and to write clear enough to get

his thinking across to other people as well as understanding what other people

are after.

Manager’s should aim at organizing and co-ordinating human and material

resources of his organization into an effective and efficient working unit and to

achieve this, he must spend a good percentage of his time on communication.

It is only when the human and material elements of an organization are

harnessed into a united whole that the organizational objectives can be

achieved through effective performance.
Inspite of the importance of communication for effective organizational

performance, many business organizations in Nigeria today either attention is

given to it. In the offices, most of the files are labeled confidential with the

result that those who are supposed to utilize the information for effective

performance are denied access to the facts. How can an organization member

perform creditably well when he is not informed properly of what he is

expected to do? When can an organization member know when he is

contravening the rules and regulations if his organization when no-one has

cared to make such known to him. How can such an organization expect to

succeed or achieve it’s objective of those with whom and through whom it

wished to achieved it’s objectives are not aware of “what” and “how” of the

objectives.

Some business organizations experience high productivity while indolence and

sick reports abound in public offices, strikes and the likes occur more

frequently as a result of poor and ineffective communication between the

management and members of the organization. None of these in any way aids

the organization in it’s effort achieve it’s objectives. In view of this, the

research hopes that this will help to direct the readers minds towards realizing
the importance of effective communication in an organization. It is veracious

that effective communication minimizes mis under standing and increases

mutual understanding, trust and selfless services        among organization

employees.



1.2   STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

1.2.1 WORKERS ARE UNDER INFORMED OR NOT IN

      FORMED BY MANAGEMENT.

As earlier stated in the introduction, most of the conflicts and

misunderstandings arises between individuals within an organization and

between departments within an organization are as a result of the aftermath of

lack of good and effective communication between the members and the

management of the organization.      The people are not informed or under

informed on most of the plans of the organization especially those that affects

them and their work. Many managers are disillusioned because major

decisions affecting their departments are taken without their consent.

Consequently, most of the policies passed down to them are regarded and

treated with little or no seriousness. The result of all these is a feeling of
discontent among organization members since their feeling and desires are

suppressed and the aggrieved workers are bared from gaining access to the

right quarters to lodge their complaints.



1.2.2 NON-CONSIDERATION OF CUSTOMERS WHEN MAKING

     POLICIES.

Some organization fall because their products are sold at a high prioce to their

customers or that certain qualities desired of the product by the customers are

not considered when producing.

Since the feeling of the customers are not put will fall thereby reducing the

standard of the organization.



1.2.3 NON-MAINTENANCE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

     WITH HOST COMMUNITY:

The community within which the organization is situated may be lacking

many things and may be looking forward to it’s fulfillment by the organization

so it is important that an organization will maintain an effective

communication with it’s host community in other to live up to the expectations
of the community. Conclusively, I have to re-affirm that poorance. Therefore,

every manager should do everything humanly possible to maintain good

communication in his organization. Infact, communication is fundamental to

the existence of every human organization.



1.3   PURPOSE OF STUDY

In view of the problems stated the purpose of this study is as follows:

1.3.1 Finding out the communication techniques used by Anambra motor

      manufacturing company ltd (ANAMMCO).

1.3.2 Finding    out the system of communication used by the company

      especially the language methods used.

1.3.3 Finding out the type of communication within and outside the company.

1.3.4 Why and how the company communicates.

Based on the researchers findings, necessary suggest and recommendation will

offered for general consideration and implementation where humanly and

financially will be possible.
1.4   SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

The significance of the study are:

1.4.1 Focusing the attention of managers to the importance of communication

      for effective performance.

1.4.2 The role of communication to achieve organizational set objectives.

Many organizations have not absorbed and implemented an effective

communication system. This reflects on the organizational operation result,

where strained relationship affects smooth operations.         The researcher

therefore, primarily aims at focusing the attention of business managers to the

importance of communication for effective organizational performance. The

role of communication to achieve the organizations set objectives.

Much emphasis has been laid on the efficiency and effectiveness of

management on both public and private organizations to achieve reasonable

economic growth it is said effective management implies effective

organizational performance. This effective management cannot be guaranteed

without effective communication. Also, the success of any organization is

determined by how efficiently the ms-men, money, material and machine are

been managed. The finding of the study will benefit not only the selected
organization but also, other organizations for effective performance, fellow

students will also find the study useful both in their academic work and their

future careers as business managers.



1.5   RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.    What is the sex of the workers in ANAMMCO

2.    What id the age of the workers in ANAMMCO

3.    How many years have the workers served ANAMMCO

4.    Have the workers worked else where before joining ANAMMCO

5.    What are the qualifications (Education) of ANAMMCO workers

6.    How effective is communication system in ANAMMVO

7.    How are workers oriented in the company

8.    Does ANAMMCO have written procedure on communication.

9.    How is communication handled in the company?

10.   How high does the company rate communication

11.   What methods are used to transmit information in ANAMMCO?

12.   Which method is the most effective?
13.   How do workers value the importance of communication for effective

      communication?

14.   What is the general attitude to work of ANAMMCO workers like?

15.   Does communication system has anything to do with workers attitude to

      work?

16.   Is there delegation of authority in ANAMMCO?

17.   Do workers know the objectives of the company?

18    What is the main direction of communication in the company?

19    Have the workers any recognized union?

20    How often does management hold meeting with workers

21.   Is grapevine a good source of information for management

22.   How does workers channel their grievances and suggestions in the

      company

23.   Does workers know what a is involved in their work and what is

      expected from them?

24.   Does the company inform workers in advance about changes that will

      affect their work and the business of the company?
25.   Do workers book appointments before they see their supervisor for any

      reason?

26.   Whenever workers discuss with their superiorly subordinates, does he:

a.    Allow enough time for discussion?

b.    Understand the feelings, needs and expectations of workers

c.    Often get annoyed or disturbed?

d.    Often give negative response?

e.    Often terminate discussions claiming to be too busy?

( )   Does the attitude of superiors/subordinates encourage discussion with

      him freely?

( )   Are workers willing to hear criticism from their superior/subordinates

      freely



1.6   DEFINITION OF TERMS

CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

a.    COMMUNICATION:            A process, whereby ideas, information, facts,

      instinct ions, thoughts, opinions etc. are transmitted from one person to

      another. It can be verbal, non-verbal or written message, the use of a
     common system of symbols signs, behaviours etc. for the exchange of

     information.

b.   CONCEPT: Idea, thought, plan, picture in the mind, purpose or opinion.

c.   OPERATION:          Transmitting, sending out of the message encoded.

d.   ENCODED: Selecting the approximate media for easy transmission and

     understanding such media includes words or phrase, symbols, charts,

     facial expressions and gestures.

e.   ORGANIZATION:             A societal or a common purpose example of

     such includes churches, social clubs, and business organizations.

f.   PERFORMANCE:              The execution of an action, the fulfillment of a

     claim, promise etc. The ability to work efficiently performance in this

     content means the ability of the organization to accomplish it’s primary

     goals objectives.

g.   ORGANICGRAM:              The organization structure which is a frame

     work of the formal relationships that have been established in an

     organization. It is a diagrammatical representation of the hierarchy of

     authority and the formal relationships that exist among the members of

     an organization.
h.   AUTHORITY:          The right to act and command others towards

     attainment of organizational goals. In the field of management, some

     authors define authority as the power to command performance

i.   POLICIES: General statements that guide decision making in an

     organization. They are classified according to managerial levels and

     effected.

j.   EFFICIENCY:         the extent to which the result was achieved atteast

     cost and it is determined by dividing output by input.

k.   FEEDBACK:           This refers to signals sent from the listener to the

     speaker in order to tell the speaker how far he is understand. It is a

     reaction that assure that communication has taken place.

l.   DECODING:           This is another important factor in communication

     and involved translating the message received in ones own thought.

     Decoding is a clear proof of understanding a message.

m.   MOTIVATION:         The driving force that stimulates an individual; to

     action at is one of the directing functions of personnel management and

     it’s effectiveness depends on the style of management.
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