Item B2b Part2

							                                  Grouping organisms
     Module B2
     Item B2b
       Part 2




In this lesson students should learn:                               Other Items in this book
 what a species is                                                 B2a, B2e, B2f
 that there is variation within a species
 to use the binomial system as a basis for naming species
 that similar species live in similar habitats
 why it is difficult to classify a hybrid
 that closely related species have a common ancestor



Communication                Subject-specific vocabulary            Student book pages 60–61
                                                                    Worksheets B2b 4, B2b 5, B2b 6, B2b 7
                                                                    Worksheet answers B2b 2




breed                           family                           fertile                         hybrid
reproduce                       species                          sterile




I can present a report on the work of Carl Linnaeus.                                                3 points




Activities                                                                                      Resources
 Write down the names of five different dog breeds.
 Spot the difference. Give students pictures of two very similar species and ask them to
   spot the differences.
 Hybrid challenge. Show students pictures of hybrids and ask them to work out the               Worksheet B2b 4
   crosses.




Learning outcomes
 Recall that organisms of the same species have more features in common than they do with organisms of a different specie
 Recognise that sometimes organisms of the same species may show great variation: breeds of dog
                             Teaching and learning activities                                             Resources

Class activity – Different dogs. Ask students to look at the drawings of different dog breeds    Worksheet B2b 5
and then answer the questions.
Learning outcomes
 Define the term species: organisms which are of the same species are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring
 Use the binomial system as a basis for naming species
 Recall that similar species tend to live in similar types of habitats
 Recall that closely related species may have different features if they live in different types of habitats
 Recall that similar species are closely related in evolutionary terms: share a relatively recent ancestor
                            Teaching and learning activities                                            Resources

Class discussion on why lions and tigers are similar despite being different species. Ask     Student book
the class to look at Figure 6 on page 61 of the student book. Students should then answer
questions 11–12 on that page.
Give the class the name for cat in different languages: French – chat, German – Katze,
Spanish – gato.
Explain why it is important to have a universal name.
Class activity – Naming animals. Ask students to complete Worksheet B2b 6. Give them
Worksheet B2b 7 if they need help.
                                                                                              Worksheet B2b 6, B2b 7




Learning outcomes
 Discuss the problem of classifying hybrids such as mules
 Explain that similarities and differences between species need to be explained in terms of both evolutionary relationships
   and ecological relationships
 Explain why dolphins and whales are classified as mammals but appear similar to fishes such as sharks
                            Teaching and learning activities                                           Resources

Class discussion. Name some animals and ask the class to suggest why they do not fit into
one of the vertebrate groups.
Now ask the class what problems there are in classifying these animals into the vertebrate
groups. Develop the discussion to include hybrids.
Ask students to answer questions 13–15 on page 61 of the student book.                        Student book




 List five ways in which a lion and a tiger are similar.
 Call out the Latin names of animals mentioned in the lesson. Ask students to write down their common names.
 Students write down five things they have learned in the lesson. Compile a class list on the board.



          LOW DEMAND                            STANDARD DEMAND                                HIGH DEMAND
 9 Any sensible suggestion, for           11 When they breed their offspring are     13 The offspring of a cross between
   example fur, claws, sharp teeth           infertile                                  animals of different species
10 Any sensible suggestion                12 Stripes give tiger better camouflage    14 They have characteristics of two
                                             in forest, or sandy coat gives lion        different species; they are sterile
                                             better camouflage in grass                 and are therefore not a species and
                                                                                        so cannot be given their own
                                                                                        species name
                                                                                     15 Lungs, because they are mammals