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Science Content Standards and Objectives Human Anatomy and Physiology
Standard 1: Nature and Application of Science (SC.S.PA.1)
Students will
demonstrate an understanding of history and nature of science as a human endeavor encompassing the contributions of diverse cultures and
scientists.
demonstrate the ability to use the inquiry process to solve problems.
relate science-technology-societal issues while using a variety of sources to construct and defend their solutions
Essential Important Compact
SC.O.HAP.1.1 implement safe procedures and
practices when manipulating X
equipment, materials,
organisms, and models.
SC.O.HAP.1. 2 formulate scientific
explanations based on historical X
observations and experimental
evidence, accounting for
variability in experimental
results.
SC.O.HAP.1.3 conduct and/or design X
investigations that incorporate
the skills and attitudes and/or
values of scientific inquiry (e.g.,
established research protocol,
accurate record keeping,
replication of results and peer
review, objectivity, openness,
skepticism, fairness, or
creativity and logic.).
SC.O.HAP.1.4 design, conduct, evaluate and
revise experiments (e.g.,
compose a question to be
investigated, design a controlled X
investigation that produces
numeric data, evaluate the data
in the context of scientific laws
and principles, construct a
conclusion based on findings,
propose revisions to
investigations based on
manipulation of variables and/or
analysis of error, or
communicate and defend the
results and conclusions).
SC.O.HAP.1.5 draw conclusions from a variety X
of data sources to analyze and
interpret systems and models
(e.g., use graphs and equations
to measure and apply variables
such as rate and scale, evaluate
changes in trends and cycles, or
predict the influence of external
variances such as potential
sources of error, or interpret
maps).
SCO.HAP.1.6 investigate, compare and design
scientific and technological
solutions to address personal X
and societal problems.
SC.O.HAP.1.7 given current science-
technology-societal issues,
construct and defend potential X
solutions.
SC.O.HAP.1.8 relate societal, cultural and
economic issues to key X
scientific innovations
SC.O.HAP.1.91 synthesize concepts across
various science disciplines to
better understand the natural X
world (e.g., form and function,
systems, and change over time
Standard 2: Content of Science (SC.S.PA.2)
Students will
demonstrate knowledge, understanding and applications of scientific facts, concepts, principles, theories and models as delineated in the
objectives.
demonstrate an understanding of the interrelationships among physics, chemistry, biology, earth/environmental science and astronomy.
apply knowledge, understanding and skills of science subject matter/concepts to daily life experiences.
Essential Important Compact
SC.O.HAP.2.1 apply directional terminology to
locate
human body structures: X
proximal, dorsal, medial, lateral,
visceral, superficial, deep.
SC.O.HAP.2.2 describe the organizational levels,
interdependency and the interaction of
cells, tissues, organs, and organ X
systems.
SC.O.HAP.2.3 categorize, by structure and function,
the various types of human tissue:
muscle, epithelial, connective, or
nervous.
X
SC.O.HAP.2.4 relate the structure of the
integumentary system to its function
as a/an sensory organ, environmental X
barrier and temperature regulator.
SC.O.HAP.2.5 relate how bone tissue is important
to the development of the human
skeleton X
.
SC.O.HAP.2.6 correlate the structure and function
of the elements of the skeletal
system: bone, articulations and X
insertion.
SC.O.HAP.2.7 model the mechanisms of muscular
contraction on the cellular and
molecular levels. X
SC.O.HAP.2.8 integrate the skeletal, muscular and
nervous systems to the functioning
of the organism. X
SC.O.HAP.2.9 model the muscular system :
including locations, origins,
insertions, muscle groups and types of X
muscles
SC.O.HAP.2.10 classify the various types of
neurons emphasizing the
relationship of structure and X
function.
SC.O.HAP.2.11 model the mechanism of a nerve
impulse at the cellular and
X
molecular levels.
SC.O.HAP.2.12 compare and contrast the parts and
functions of the central and
peripheral nervous system including
the autonomic portions. X
SC.O.HAP.2.13 apply the structure of the ear and
eye to their function/dysfunction
in relation to environmental X
perception.
SC.O.HAP.2.14 apply the action of specific
enzymes to their roles in
bodily functions. X
SC.O.HAP.2.15 incorporate the role of endocrine
glands and their hormones into the
overall functions and dysfunctions of
the body. X
SC.O.HAP.2.16 analyze the role of components
and processes of the digestive
system in supplying essential X
nutrients.
SC.O.HAP.2.17 explain how structures of the
respiratory system are essential to
X
cellular respiration, gas exchange
and communication.
SC.O.HAP.2.18 illustrate the structure of the
circulatory and lymphatic systems
and the function of blood to the role
of transportation, cellular support X
and defense.
SC.O.HAP.2.19 compare the compatibility of blood types
and assess the molecular basis X
for blood functions.
SC.O.HAP.2.20 integrate the functions of the excretory
system to the maintenance of the other body X
systems.
SC.O.HAP.2.21 compare and contrast the structure and
function of male and female reproductive X
systems.
SC.O.HAP.2.22 outline the events of reproduction for the
formation of gametes through fertilizations
and embryological development.
X
SC.O.HAP.2.23 assess the role of components of the
immune system in defending the body. X
SC.O.HAP.2.24 research disease causative factors,
symptoms, prevention and treatment. X
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 First Nine Weeks
Scientific Procedures Unit
Key Learning/ The student will demonstrate sound scientific procedures by designing appropriate investigations, using safe data
Power collection techniques, comparing the relationship between dependent and independent variables, and carefully
Standards analyzing data to draw conclusions or revise experiments.
Benchmark SC.O.HAP.1.1 - implement safe SC.O.HAP.1.4 - design, conduct, evaluate SC.O.HAP.1.5 - draw conclusions
CSOs procedures and practices when and revise experiments: compose a question from a variety of data sources to
manipulating equipment, to be investigated, design a controlled analyze and interpret systems and
materials, organisms, and investigation that produces numeric data, models: use graphs and equations
models. evaluate the data in the context of scientific to measure and apply variables
laws and principles, construct a conclusion such as rate and scale, evaluate
based on findings, propose revisions to changes in trends and cycles, or
investigations based on manipulation of predict the influence of external
variables and/or analysis of error, or variances such as potential
communicate and defend the results and sources of error, or interpret maps.
conclusions.
Unit EQ How do scientists do science?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Lab Manual
Correlation
21st Century
Online
Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. Why is it important to 1. How do scientists conduct scientific experimentation?
implement safe
procedures and
practices when
manipulating
equipment, materials,
organisms, and
models?
Unit Vocabulary
controlled experiment dependent variable independent variable data
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 First Nine Weeks
Anatomical Terminology
Key Learning/ Power Standards As students study the human body, they will use appropriate directional
terminology to locate and identify structures.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP. 2.1 - apply directional terminology to locate human body
structures: proximal, dorsal, medial, lateral, visceral, superficial, deep.
Unit EQ How can knowledge of directional anatomical terminology assist a student in
the study of anatomy?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How can a student use appropriate anatomical terminology to located
structures in the human body?
Unit Vocabulary
distal proximal dorsal ventral posterior
anterior exterior interior lateral medial
superior inferior cranial caudal superficial
visceral
Page 10 of 29
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 First Nine Weeks
Cell Structure, Function, and Organization
ey Learning/ Students will apply their knowledge of cell structure, function, and organelles to predict movement of molecules into
Power and out of cells, determine the roles of DNA and RNA, and describe the interdependency of the organizational levels
Standards of cells.
Benchmark .
CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.2 - describe the organizational levels, interdependency and the interaction of cells, tissues, organs, and
organ systems.
Unit EQ How do cells function to help maintain homeostasis in an organism?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Pearson Essentials of Pearson Essentials of Pearson Essentials of
Correlation Human Anatomy and Human Anatomy and Human Anatomy and Human Anatomy and
Physiology Physiology Chapter 3 Physiology Chapter 3 Physiology Chapter 3 and
Chapters 2 and 3 the Systems in Sync
features
21st Century
Online
Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How are eukaryotic cellular organelles specialized in structure to perform their specific functions?
2. How are living organisms complex?
3. How are cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems interdependent upon each other?
Unit Vocabulary
eukaryotic cell organelles tissues
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 First Nine Weeks
Tissues Unit
Key Learning/ Power Standards As students study the tissues, they will identify each type of tissue by structure, function, and
location in the human body.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.3 - categorize, by structure and function, the various types of human tissue :muscle,
epithelial, connective, or nervous.
Unit EQ What is the role of tissues in maintaining homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 3
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How do tissues help divide the labor among body cells?
Unit Vocabulary
tissue epithelial tissue stratified pseudostratified connective tissue squamous tissue columnar tissue
matrix cuboidal tissue transitional hyaline cartilage fibrocartilage elastic cartilage areolar tissue
lacunae chrondrocytes adipose tissue
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 First Nine Weeks
Integumentary System Unit
Key Learning/ Power Standards As students study of the integumentary system, they will relate its structure and
function to it role in maintaining homeostasis.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.4 - relate the structure of the integumentary system to its function as
a/an sensory organ, environmental barrier and temperature regulator.
Unit EQ How does the integumentary system help maintain homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 4
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How does each component of the integumentary system contribute to the
functional success of the system?
2. What is the role of the integumentary system as a sensory organ, environmental
barrier, and temperature regulator?
Unit Vocabulary
integument keratin dermis subcutaneous tissue
hair follicles epidermis sebaceous glands exocrine glands
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Second Nine Weeks
Skeletal System Unit
Key Learning/ Students will relate the structure of bones and the skeleton to the specific functions they perform for the human body.
Power Standards
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.5 - relate how bone SC.O.HAP.2.6 - correlate the SC.O.HAP.2.8 - integrate the
tissue is important to the structure and function of the skeletal, muscular and nervous
development of the human skeleton. elements of the skeletal system systems to the functioning of the
(bone, articulations and insertions). organism.
Unit EQ How does the skeletal system support the human body?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 5 and the Systems in Sync feature
Correlation
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How is the structure of bone 1. How are the structures of the 1. How are the skeletal,
tissue specialized to provide a skeletal system specialized in muscular, and nervous system
strong skeleton for the human structure to perform their specific interrelated in the human
body? functions? body?
Unit Vocabulary
axial skeleton appendicular skeleton osteocytes compact bone spongy bone
marrow Haversian system cartilage ossification
Page 14 of 29
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Second Nine Weeks
Muscular System Unit
Key Learning/ Students will relate the muscles, their structure, and mechanism of contraction to maintaining homeostasis.
Power Standards
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.7- model the SC.O.HAP.2.8 - integrate the SC.O.HAP.2.9 - model the
mechanisms of muscular skeletal, muscular and nervous muscular system including
contraction on the cellular and systems to the functioning of the locations, origins, insertions,
molecular levels. organism. muscle groups and types of
muscles
Unit EQ How does the muscle system help maintain
homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 6
Correlation and Systems in Sync feature
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How do muscles contract?
2. How are a muscle’s location, insertion, origin, and muscle type related to its function?
3. How are the skeletal, muscular, and nervous system interrelated in the human body?
Unit Vocabulary
skeletal muscles cardiac muscles smooth muscles striated origin insertion
flexion extension circumduction abduction adduction rotation
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Second Nine Weeks
Digestion and Enzymes
Key Learning/ Power Through the study of the digestive system’s roles, components, and functions, students will apply the
Standards actions of specific enzymes to their specific roles in maintaining homeostasis.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.16 - analyze the role of components SC.O.HAP.2.14 - apply the action of specific
and processes of the digestive system in enzymes to their roles in bodily functions.
supplying essential nutrients.
Unit EQ How does the digestive system help maintain homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapters 2 and 14
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How does each component of the digestive system contribute to the functional success of the
system?
2. What is the role of the digestive system in regulating metabolism?
3. What do enzymes do for the human body?
Unit Vocabulary
alimentary canal metabolism gastric juices salivary glands ingestion peristalsis
chemical digestion absorption defecation mechanical digestion enzymes catabolism
anabolism basal metabolic rate
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Third Nine Weeks
Circulatory and Lymphatic Systems Unit
Key Learning/ Power Through the study of the circulatory and lymphatic systems’ roles, components, and functions, students
Standards will apply the functions of blood to its role in maintaining homeostasis.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.18 - illustrate the structure of the SC.O.HAP.2.19 - compare the compatibility of
circulatory and lymphatic systems and the function blood types and assess the molecular basis for
of blood to the role of transportation, cellular blood functions.
support and defense.
Unit EQ How do the integumentary and circulatory systems help maintain homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapters 10, 11, and 12
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How does each component of the lymphatic 1. How does the molecular structure of blood relate
and circulatory systems contribute to the roles to its function and compatibility?
of transportation, cellular support, and defense
in the human body?
Unit Vocabulary
plasma erythrocytes hemoglobin leukocytes platelets hematopoiesis
antigens antibodies agglutination blood groups pericardium epicardium
myocardium artery vein pulmonic circulation systemic circulation valves
nodes systole diastole capillary vasoconstriction vasodilation
hypertension hypotension lymph edema lymph nodes immune system
lymphocytes
Page 17 of 29
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Third Nine Weeks
Disease and Immunity Unit
Key Learning/ Power Through the study of the immune system, students will apply its components and functions to its role in
Standards fighting disease and maintaining homeostasis.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.23 - assess the role of components SC.O.HAP.2.24 - research disease causative
of the immune system in defending the body. factors, symptoms, prevention and treatment.
Unit EQ How does the immune system help maintain homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 12
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How is each component of the immune system 1. How does the immune system interact with disease
related to its function? causing substances?
2. How is the body defended against foreign
substances?
Unit Vocabulary
immunity pathogens phagocytes immune response immunodeficiencies
antigen antibody interferon autoimmune diseases immunosuppressive therapy
lymphocyte
Page 18 of 29
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area; Anatomy and Physiology
Grades: 11 and 12 Third Nine Weeks
Respiratory System Unit
Key Learning/ Power Standards Students will relate the structures of the respiratory system to their role in cellular
respiration and communication.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.17 - explain how structures of the respiratory system are essential to
cellular respiration, gas exchange and communication.
Unit EQ How does the respiratory system help maintain
homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapters 6 and 13
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How are the structures of the respiratory system specialized to perform their specific
role in cellular respiration, gas exchange, and communication?
Unit Vocabulary
sinus pharynx larynx trachea bronchi
expiration respiration diaphragm inspiration
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Fourth Nine Weeks
Nervous System and Special Senses Unit
Key The students will apply the structure of the nerves and special sensing organs to the impulse mechanism and their
Learning/ function in maintaining homeostasis.
Power
Standards
Benchmark SC.O.HAP.2.8 - SC.O.HAP.2.10- SC.O.HAP.2.11 - model SC.O.HAP.2.12 - SC.O.HAP.2.13 -
CSOs integrate the classify the various the mechanism of a compare and contrast the apply the structure
skeletal, muscular types of neurons nerve impulse at the parts and functions of the of the ear and eye
and nervous emphasizing the cellular and molecular central and peripheral to their
systems to the relationship of levels. nervous system including function/dysfunction
functioning of the structure and the autonomic portions. in relation to
organism. function. environmental
perception.
Unit EQ How does the nervous system help maintain
homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapters 7 and 8
Correlation and Systems in Sync feature
Tech Steps N/A
21st Century
Online
Resources
Lesson 1. How is the structure of the various types of neurons related to their function?
EQ’s 2. How do nerve impulses move?
3. How are the autonomic and peripheral nervous systems interrelated?
4. What is the relationship among the structure of the eye and ear, their function, and perception ability?
5. How are the skeletal, muscular, and nervous system interrelated in the human body?
Unit Vocabulary
central nervous system peripheral nervous system autonomic nervous system efferent reflex
afferent myelin ganglia polarization repolarization
neuron synapse depolarization action potential Page 20 of 29
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grade11 and 12 Fourth Nine Weeks
Endocrine System Unit
Key Learning/ Power Standards Students will relate the structures and functions of the endocrine glands to their role
in maintaining homeostasis in the human body.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.15 - incorporate the role of endocrine glands and their hormones into
the overall functions and dysfunctions of the body.
Unit EQ How does the endocrine system help maintain
homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 9
and Systems in Sync feature
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How do endocrine glands effect the functioning of the human body?
Unit Vocabulary
hormone target cells negative feedback trophic hormone
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Fourth Nine Weeks
Reproduction and Growth Unit
Key Students will use their knowledge of the structure and function of the male and female reproductive systems and the
Learning/ function of DNA to determine how humans grow and reproduce, as well as predict how genetic diseases can be
Power detected.
Standards
Benchmark SC.O.HAP.2.21 - compare and contrast the SC.O.HAP.2.22 - outline the events of reproduction for the
CSOs structure and function of male and female formation of gametes through fertilizations and embryological
reproductive systems. development.
Unit EQ How is homeostasis of human growth and reproduction maintained in the human body?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 16
Correlation
21st
Century
Online
Resources
Lesson 1. How are males and females distinguished by 1. How are meiosis and mitosis related to reproduction and
EQ’s the structures and functions of their growth?
reproductive systems? 2. How do human gametes develop?
How are gametes and fertilization related to embryo
development?
Page 22 of 29
Unit Vocabulary
gonads gametes sperm ova testis spermatogenesis oogenesis
menstrual cycle genitalia fertilization zygote embryo ovary
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Fourth Nine Weeks
Excretory System Unit
Key Learning/ Power Students will study the excretory system and determine its integral role in maintaining homeostasis in the
Standards human body.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.2.20 - integrate the functions of the excretory system to the maintenance of the other body
systems
Unit EQ How does the excretory system help maintain
homeostasis in the human body?
Textbook Correlation Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 15
and the Systems in Sync feature
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How is the excretory system integral to maintaining all other body systems?
Unit Vocabulary
excretory system nephron filtration reabsorption electrolyte balance
Page 23 of 29
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Ongoing Integration
The Job of Science Unit
Key Learning/ The student will explore various occupational opportunities in science, engineering and technology and
Power Standards synthesize concepts and across various science disciplines as they investigate, compare and design solutions to
personal and societal problems.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.1.6 - investigate, compare and SC.O.HAP.1.9 - synthesize concepts across various science
design scientific and technological solutions to disciplines to better understand the natural world: form and
address personal and societal problems. function, systems, and change over time.
Unit EQ What is the goal of science?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Chapter 1, A Closer Look and
Correlation Focus on Careers features
st
21 Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How are science and society related?
Unit Vocabulary
science technology
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Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Ongoing Integration
Current Science and Technology Unit
Key Learning/ Given a current science-technology-societal issue and using advanced technology tools, students will collaborate
Power Standards to present experimental designs and construct and defend potential solutions.
Benchmark CSOs SC.O.HAP.1.7 - given current science-technology-societal issues, construct and defend potential solutions.
Unit EQ How can science and technology help predict solutions to problems?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology At the Clinic and A Closer Look features
Correlation
21st Century
Online Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. What is the role of science and technology in the 21st Century?
Unit Vocabulary
Page 25 of 29
Fayette County Schools
Learning Map
Content Area: Anatomy and Physiology
Grades 11 and 12 Ongoing Integration
Scientific History Unit
Key Learning/ The student will gain an understanding innovation, invention, models, and methodologies as they research historical
Power and cultural contributions in science; an inquiry process will provide explanations of how these contributions have
Standards shaped the world we live in and lead to effective problem solving skills for the 21st century.
Benchmark SC.O.HAP.1.2 - formulate scientific SC.O.HAP.1.8 - relate societal, SC.O.HAP.1.3 - conduct and/or
CSOs explanations based on historical cultural and economic issues to key design investigations that
observations and experimental scientific innovations. incorporate the skills and attitudes
evidence, accounting for variability in and/or values of scientific inquiry
experimental results. (e.g., established research protocol,
accurate record keeping, replication
of results and peer review,
objectivity, openness, skepticism,
fairness, or creativity and logic).
Unit EQ How have the history and culture of science shaped the world we live in
and led to effective 21st Century problem solving skills?
Textbook Pearson Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology Lab Manual
Correlation
21st Century
Online
Resources
Lesson EQ’s 1. How does understanding the scientific past help prepare a 21 st Century problem solver?
Unit Vocabulary
Revised June 2010
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