BIODIVERSITY
Objectives :
At the end of the lesson students should be able :
State 3 types of biodiversity. State the 5 kingdom system based on the levels of cell organization, organism and types of nutrition.
BIODIVERSITY
There are three types of biodiversity: 1. Ecological diversity -different types of organisms based on their habitat/ecology. 2. Species diversity -different types of organisms based on their species. 3. Genetic diversity -different types of organisms based on their genetic content.
Ecological diversity
different types of organisms based on their habitat/ecosystem. Ecosystem : interaction between organisms and its environment.
Species diversity
different types of organisms based on their species. Different species are referred by different taxonomic groups. There are almost 100 million species estimated on earth.
Genetic diversity
different types of organisms based on their genetic content. This can occur between or within the population of a species It depends on the arrangement of adenine, cytosine, thymine and guanine in the DNA strand.
Introduction :
Robert Whittaker (ecologist) suggest the 5 kingdom classification scheme. Kingdom Monera Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia
Classification system using :
The level of cell organization :
Prokaryote Eukaryote
Organism :
Unicellular Multicellular
Feeding mode :
Saprophytic Photosynthetic Holozoic
ORGANISM
Prokaryote
MONERA
Eukaryote
Bacteria Blue green algae
Unicellular
PROTISTA
Multicellular
Alga, protozoa
Saprophytic
FUNGI
Photosynthetic
PLANTAE
Holozoic
ANIMALIA
1.Zygomycota 2.Ascomycota 3.Basidiomycota ( 3 phyla )
1.Bryophyta 2.Pteridophyta 3.Spermatophyta –gymnosperm -angiosperm ( 3 division )
1.Porifera…..
9.Chordata
( 9 phyla)
Kingdom Monera :
Within this kingdom’s boundaries are many thousands of producer (photoautotroph and chemoautotroph) and decomposers (heterotroph). Examples : Bacteria E. coli Blue green algae
Kingdom Protista :
Single cell and multicell eukaryotes. Photoautotroph or heterotroph. Examples : Alga (Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra and Fucus) Protozoa ( Amoeba, Paramecium and Euglena)
Kingdom Fungi :
Multicell eukaryotes – heterotrophs. Feed by extracellular digestion and absorption Most – decomposers (nutrient cycler) Others – pathogens and parasites Examples :
Rhizophus Penicillium Agaricus
Kingdom Plantae :
Eukaryotic Multicell, chloroplast-equipped producers (photoautotroph). Examples :
Bryophyta Pteridophyta Gymnosperma Angiosperma
Kingdom Animalia :
Eukaryotic Multicellular heterotrophs (holozoic) Examples :
Porifera Coelentrata Platyhelminthes Chordata