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Demand-driven Procurement
SAP Best Practices for Retail (US)
SAP Best Practices
Scenario Overview – 1
Purpose and Benefits:
Purpose
This scenario begins with the required planning steps. The forecasting processes and different
consumption-based MRP procedures. The supply source determination schema in SAP R/3 is
then outlined in brief and the various options explained. The Purchase Order process shows
you how to work with the Planning Workbench. Order optimizing comprises quantity
optimizing, investment buying, load building and goods receipt capacity check. The last
section shows you how vendor evaluations can be used to optimize goods procurement.
Benefits
Alongside article-specific inventory management, the SAP R/3 System provides an accurate
data basis for using the comprehensive range of requirements planning methods. The main
task in requirements planning is to monitor stocks and, in particular, generate automatic order
proposals for purchasing.
With the planning workbench, extensive functionalities for order optimization and vendor
evaluation you can handle the whole process for demand-driven procurement.
Key process flows covered
Requirement Planning
Planning Run
Supply Source Determination
Contract Processing
Planning Workbench
Order Optimizing
Purchase Order Monitoring
Vendor Evaluation
Scenario Overview – 2
SAP Applications Required:
Required
SAP EHP3 for SAP ERP 6.0
Company roles involved in process flows
Retail Non-Seasonal Purchaser
Retail Non-Seasonal Purchaser – Power User
Retail Non-Seasonal Purchase – Manager
Retail Replenishment Planner
Retail Replenishment Planner – Power User
Retail Masterdata Manager
Retail Warehouse Clerk
Process Flow Diagram
Requirement Planning
Event
Unload
Materials
from
Truck
MRP Procedure
Retail Non-Seasonal Purchaser
Automatic
reorder point
planning
MRP Procedure
Time-phased
planning
MRP Procedure Carry out the
Time-phased individual
planning with Forecast from
reorder point the article
planning master
MRP Procedure
Forecast-based
planning
Replenishment
Optional:
Planning File
Alternative:
Planner
Optional: Optional: Convert the
Carry out the
Retail
Reprocess the Evaluating the Purch.
individual Forecast Planning Requisition to a
Forecast from results Results Purchase Order
the menu Carry out
Single-Item,
Single-Level
Planning
Power U
Purch.–
R. Non-
Seas.
Enter goods
receipt for
purchase order
Process Flow Diagram
Supply Source Determination
Unload
Ev-
ent
Materials
from
Truck
Create
Purchase
Retail Replenish.
Supply Source: Maintain Release Order Requisition
Source List Source List for the Contract (Assign Supply
Source)
Planner
Automatic
Conversion of
the Purchase
Requisition to a
Purchase Order
Retail Non-
Seas. Pur.
Power U.
Goods receipt
in DC
Retail Non-
Purchaser
Seas.
Create
Supply Source: Create Purchase Order
Purchase Info Purchase with reference
Record Requisition to P.
Requisition
Planner Power
Retail Replen.
User
Create Contract
Process Flow Diagram
Purchase Order Process and Vendor Evaluation
Mngr
RNS.
Executing an
Pur.
Comparison of Ranking List Evaluation of
Evaluations the Art./Merch.
Cat.
Plan Order Convert
Create Workbench: Order
Retail Replenish.
Purchase Order Online Order Optimizing: Optimizing: Purchase
via eCATT Requirements Cancellation Investment Load Building: Requisition to
Planning Buying Run Carry out Purchase Order
Single-Level,
Planner
Single Item
Planning
Alternative:
Order Release Simulate Manual Load
Investment Building
Buying Run
Retail Non-
Seas. Pur.
Power U.
Goods receipt
in DC
Retail Non-
Purchaser
eCATT for Maintaining the Vendor Order
Seas.
Vendor Vendor Evaluation Create Optimizing:
Evaluation Evaluation Automatic Purchase Order Goods receipt
Manually Reevaluation capacitiy check
Planner Power
Retail Replen.
User
Return on Investment
Investment Buying Automatic Load
Analysis Building
Requirements Planning
Objectives
Automation of the procurement process on site level
Inventory monitoring of a site
Central + distributed application
Requirements Planning: Forecasting Model
Selection
Manual model selection with additional
Manua Automatic
automatic test
l
T: Test for trend Automatic
Constant model
Trend models S: Test for season Model selection
Seasonal models A: Test for trend
Seasonal trend models and season
Models Parameters
Basic value
Basic value
Trend value
Basic value
Season indices
Requirements Planning: Overview
RP type
Forecast
Articles indicator ?
Articles
Purchase
Requisition
Item 10
Consumption Forecast Item 20
values
Requirements
10/2000 987
11/2000 1000 Planning
12/2000 1251
Purchase Order
Item 10
Item 20
Forecast Applications
Forecast Application
Reorder Point
Reorder Point Forecast-Based Time-Phased
Planning
Planning Planning Planning
The forecast values are The forecast values are
copied as requirements copied as requirements.
and replace the reorder The planning run is only
Calculation of the reorder point. carried out on predefined
point and the safety Calculation of the reorder dates.
stock by the forecast. point and the safety Time-Phased planning can
stock by the forecast. be applied in combination
with Reorder Point
planning.
Source Determination
Purchase Order: Supply Source Determination
PReq
Purch . requisition
1 Vendor ??
?
Art. 3214 WITHOUT
20 5110
Art.pc
Quota arrangement 15 pc supply source
60% 40%
40%
?
Article PCS-04-MRP201
for VZ01 50 ea
2 Source list Source list
3
Article
Article
Purch . order
Vendor PCS-V201
Supply source ind . Art. 3214 20 ea
Art. 5110 15 ea
• Find external source of
supply only 4 Outline agreements MIT
Purch info records
. Supply
• Find internal source of ?
supply only Regular vendor region
• Find internal supply source
first , then external
• Find external supply source
Stock transfer deliv -
first , then internal ery schedules 5 Vendor PCS-V201
Supplying sites Vendor R3001
Order Processing
Planning Workbench
Manual planning
Select worklist
- Site
Start variant
- Vendor
Material selection
- Stock planner
- Merchandise category
Default data Internet services
General settings
- Item category
- Account assignment
category
- Hide processed worklist
Control data - Expand levels with one
WWW
- Sort algorithms element
Application settings - Display symbols
- Display
Worklist settings e-mail
- Sequence
Planning Workbench: Manual Planning
Planning workbench with integrated manual planning
Worklist personalization
Simple display navigation in tree format
Display of additional information, for example, site or vendor
master data
Direct access to the Internet or mail system
Worklist view personalization
Manual planning
Display of consumption and/or forecast data
Use of restriction profiles
Automatically generated purchase requisitions
Order Optimizing
Quantity Optimizing: Rounding Profiles
Dynamic Rounding Profiles
0 No rounding
Dynamic profile 1 Round up to a multiple of the order
units/sales units
• Rounding method 2 Round up to order/sales/logistical units of
measure
3 Round up to order/sales/logistical units of
measure, or log. unit of measure, zero qty for
order units only
• Rounding rule
AUn % Up % Down
CAR 70.0 10.0
LAY 80.0 10.0
PAL 90.0 10.0
• Unit of measure group
Check the permitted units of measure
used by vendors or recipients
Investment Buying: Purpose
Investment buying is a method of determing procurement
proposals that take account of future price increases, and are
to be covered by external procurement
The aim of Investment buying is to purchase articles
in suitable quantities
in good time
as cheaply as possible
taking account of various influencing factors
Investment Buying: Overview
Purchase price
Select condition changes Open
conditions
PO quantities
Stock on-hand
Select relevant articles
(Info Record)
ROI Parameters
Simulate
purchase price
Purchase price
higher than Forecast
future price
Calculate ROI
Actual ROI
Log of items Investment
is lower than Calculate Protokoll
required ROI found relevant to Buying
order quantity Purchasing Analysis
Purchase - Purchase
requisitions orders
Worklist
Load Building
Definition
Load building is a process used to group together purchase
orders and other requirements, while taking account of
procurement restrictions, and thereby reduce procurement
costs.
Load Building Overview
Req. Planning Investment buying Promotion
process orders
.
Purch. Req. ... ...
Purch. reqReq. ...
Purch. . . other
order
processes
Without existing
Purchase requisitions Purchase orders
requirement
elements
Purch. order ...
Lieferant 326
Purch. Order...
Automatic Vendor 326
load building process
Simulation list process
Manual load building
EDI to vendor
Goods receipt capacity check
Up to now, there was no check for sufficient capacity for the delivery date of a
planned delivery in the goods receipt area of a warehouse. If the goods are delivered
to a warehouse door that does not have any free capacity, there can be a bottleneck
in the goods receipt area of a warehouse. At the same time, another warehouse door
might have enough capacity.
Advantages for the retailer and vendor:
Taking the goods receipt capacity into account prevents potential bottlenecks.
The vendor's delivery date planning utilizes the capacity of the retailer's goods
receipt areas.
The vendor can schedule the deliveries better since the planned time window for
inbound deliveries is binding.
Vendor Evaluation
Functions in Vendor Evaluation
Regular vendor
for
Article 1 ?
Vendor A Vendor B Vendor C
Quality audits
Vendor Evaluation
Vendor C
Automatic Subcriteria: Overview
Main Criteria Subcriteria
Price Price level
Price development
Quality GR inspection
Complaints
Audit
Delivery On-time delivery
Quantity reliability
Shipping instructions
Confirmation
Service
Analyses for Vendor Evaluation
HIT LIST
General Vendor Evaluation
Total Price
Preis Qual . Dlvy.
Lief . Service
Vendor B 90 92 90 93 85
Vendor A 84 75 92 88 81
Vendor C 81 90 76 74 84
Analysis for Article/ Merchandise category
Vendor Evaluation Evaluation
Total Price
Preis Qual . Dlvy .
Lief Service
Vendor A 88 81 93 92 86
Vendor C 81 90 76 74 84
Evaluation Comparison
General Vendor Evaluation Evaluation for Article 1
Total Price
Preis Qual . Dlvy .
Lief Service Total Price
Preis Qual . Dlvy. Service
Vendor A 84 75 92 88 81 88 81 93 92 86
