Exercise 15

							         Exercise 15
        Flowering Plants-
        Fruits and Seeds

         Introductory Notes
Fruits are the thickened ovary walls of
               the flower.
                  Seeds
• Highlight or underline – Seeds are matured
  ovules. They contain an embryonic plant,
  stored food in the form of endosperm or
  cotyledons and a seed coat.
                     Goals
•   Highlight or underline – define seed
•   Identify the parts of a bean and corn seed
•   Define fruit
•   Identify fruit types
•   Differentiate between a simple and
    compound fruit.
 Figure 15.1




Micropyle
Hilum

Seed Coat

 Answer to question 1. It has been
 absorbed by the cotyledons
 Epicotyl

Hypocotyl


              Radicle      Cotyledon

Figure 15.2
                    Answer Question 2
  Caruncle     Hilum        Raphe

                                    Answer to question 4:
              Answer Question 3:
                                    It will germinate faster
Figure 15.3   They are smaller
           Corn (Zea mays)
• Highlight or underline – a kernel of
  corn is really a fruit containing a single
  seed.
• The fruit wall is thin, transparent and
  fused with the seed coat.
Figure 15.5


  Endosperm



   Epicotyl

  Scutellum

   Hypocotyl
              Figure 15.6

Endosperm

 Pericarp


 Cotyledon

 Coleoptile

  Plumule

   Radicle

 Coleorhiza
                          Fruits
Highlight or underline:
a fruit is a ripened or matured ovary with any other
associated flora parts fused to it.
They may be modified for protection and seed dispersal.
Three distinct regions can be recognized: outer exocarp,
middle mesocarp, and inner endocarp. All there comprise the
pericarp.
There are dozens of fruit types divided into various
categories.
Pecans
         Nuts
Pome
Aggregate
Achene
     Pineapple



Multiple Fruit
Iris




Capsule
Corn


grain
Walnut




Nut
          Drupe




Coconut
Almonds



 Drupe
Acorn


 Nut
Justa - Nut
Berry
Milkweed   Follicle
     Legume




Black
Locust
                        Tomato
   Answer to question 6: Epigenous

   Answer to question 7: see page 158


                         Mesocarp
Seeds


                              Endocarp
                                         Figure 15.7
                         Exocarp
             Locule
                        Sunflower
. Draw and label 15.8




                                    Pericarp



Answer to question 8: Achene
           Apple

Answer to question 9: epigenous

Answer to question 10: Receptacle


Question 11 see page 158
               Receptacle
                   Exocarp
               Mesocarp
               Locule

                  Seed
               Endocarp



              Old sepals

Figure 15.9
  Answer to
  question 12:

                                    Vascular bundles

Answer to question
13 is based on
answer to 12.                              seed

                                         endocarp


                                     Receptacle



                     Figure 15.10
                         Strawberry
Answer to question 14:         To answer to question 15: see
Hypogenous                     page 158

Fig 15.11
How can you tell the Iris is a
        monocot?
                Question 17
•   Misconception     •   Botanical Truth
•   Vegetable         •   Fruit
•   Seed              •   Fruit
•   Seed              •   Fruit
•   Berry             •   Aggregate
•   Nut/Seed          •   Drupe/Fruit
•   Nut/Seed          •   Drupe/Fruit
            Not Seeds But Fruits
                Common Feature?




Dandelion – achenes           Milkweed – follicle
Correlation?
         Functions of Fruits
• If you do not know see notes
             Questions 6-7
• 6. Shoot; stems and leaves
• 7.
  – Corn transfers endosperm
  – Bean stores endosperm
              Question 8
• Algae – not currently considered plants
• Bryophytes – move to land
• Ferns – Vascular tissue
• Gymnosperms – seeds -no need for water to
  carry sperm to egg
• Angiosperm – fruit to cover seeds