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Common Core Standards
CCSS Background
The Common Core State Standards Initiative is a state-led
effort by the National Governors Association Center for
Best Practices (NGA Center) and Council of Chief State
School Officers (CCSSO).
Writing of the standards was informed by:
– Best state standards and top performing countries
– Experience of teachers, content experts, states, and
leading research
– Feedback from the general public
http://www.corestandards.org
The Standards Are:
• Are aligned with college and work expectations;
• Are clear, understandable and consistent;
• Include rigorous content and application of knowledge
through high-order skills;
• Build upon strengths and lessons of current state
standards;
• Are informed by other top performing countries, so that
all students are prepared to succeed in our global
economy and society; and
• Are evidence-based.
Mission of CCSS Initiative
• consistent, clear understanding of
what students are expected to learn
• knowledge and skills that our young
people need for success in college and
careers
• compete successfully in the global
economy
http://www.corestandards.org
Who or what entity determines the
common core state standards?
1. A standards development workgroup
2. An expert feedback group
3. A validation committee
http://www.corestandards.org
Knowledge Taxonomy
1. Awareness
2. Comprehension
3. Application
4. Analysis
5. Synthesis
6. Evaluation
Application Model
1. Knowledge in one discipline
2. Application within discipline
3. Application across disciplines
4. Application to real-world
predictable situations
5. Application to real-world
unpredictable situations
California Academic Content
Standards Commission (CACSC)
SB X5 1 created the 21 member standards
commission:
• 11 Governor Appointees
• 5 Senate Appointees
• 5 Assembly Appointees
Not less than half must be current teachers.
http://www.scoe.net/castandards/multimedia/common_core_faq.pdf
California adopts the
Common Core Standards
• The standards commission reviewed and
approved the common core standards
with a supplement of 15% to add rigor
and relevance
• 13 of the 21 commission members
are public school teachers
California’s Additional 15%
• added information to address any
perceived gaps
• ensured that the rigor of California’s
existing standards would be
maintained
http://www.scoe.net/castandards/multimedia/common_core_faq.pdf
CaCCSS Math Standards
View From The Inside
The Politics
The Resources
The Issues
Midnight Deadline
Challenges and Hope
The Heroes
CaCCSS Math Standards
View From The Inside
The Politics
Governor’s Choices
1998 Landscape
The Brown Act
CaCCSS Math Standards
View From The Inside
The Resources
SCOE Crosswalks
Math Experts – Zimba, Milgram, Wu
CMC Leaders – Woods, Willebrand,
Muller
Achieve
Friends
CaCCSS Math Standards
View From The Inside
The Issues
RTTT and Deadlines (July 15, Aug 2,
2010)
Pronouns, Handwriting, Science, Social
Studies
Wurman-Evers Negotiation
Grade 8 Algebra
Criteria for 15% and Rigor
CaCCSS Math Standards
View From The Inside
Midnight Deadline
“Obstructionist” and 14-2
The Calahan Sprint
Pool Party
CaCCSS Math Standards
View From The Inside
Challenges and Hope
Framework Committee/”Coursefying”
Assessment, PD, Funding
Mathematical Modeling, Real-life
Conceptual Development
Integrated HS Mathematics
CaCCSS Math Standards
View From The Inside
The Heroes
The Politicians
CMC and BSMARTE
SCOE Staff
Heather Calahan
Scott Farrand
1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively
3. Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of
others
4. Model with mathematics
5. Use appropriate tools strategically
6. Attend to precision
7. Look for and make use of structure
8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
Standards (by grade
level)
• Defines what students
should understand and
be able to do
• Immediately follow the
overview page
Presentation by William McCallum, University of Arizona, Algebra Forum
2010
• Goal for 8th grade students is Algebra 1
• Two options for grade 8 that prepare students for college and career
– Algebra 1
• Grade 8 Common Core and the high school Algebra content
cluster
– Grade 8 Common Core
• Goal of grade 8 Common Core is to finalize preparation for
students to take Algebra I in high school
http://www.scoe.net/castandards/multimedia/common_core_faq.pdf
High School Highlights
Conceptual categories (6 total)
1. Number and Quantity
2. Algebra
3. Functions
4. Modeling (embedded in other areas)
5. Geometry
6. Statistics and Probability
Grade California Standard Common Core
First Number Sense Number and Operations in Base Ten
1.1 Count, read, and write whole numbers Extend the counting sequence.
to 100. 1. Count to 120, starting at any
number less than 120. In this range,
read and write numerals and
represent a number of objects with a
written numeral.
Fourth Number Sense Number and Operations--Fractions
1.5 Explain different interpretations of Extend understanding of fraction
fractions, for example, parts of a whole, equivalence and ordering.
parts of a set, and division of whole 1. Explain why a fraction a/b is
numbers by whole numbers; explain equivalent to a fraction (n × a)/(n ×
equivalence of fractions. b) by using visual fraction models,
1.7 Write the fraction represented by the with attention to how the number
drawing of parts of a figure; represent a and size of the parts differ even
given fraction by using drawings; … though the two fractions themselves
are the same size. Use this principle
to recognize and generate equivalent
fractions.
Grade California Standard Common Core
Seventh Statistics, Data Analysis, and Statistics and Probability
Probability Use random sampling to draw inferences
(Grade 6) about a population.
2.1 Compare different 1. Understand that statistics can be
samples of a population with used to gain information about a
the data from the entire population by examining a sample of the
population… population; generalizations about a
2.2 Identify different ways of population from a sample are valid only if
selecting a sample…and which the sample is representative of that
methods make a sample more population. Understand that random
representative for a population. sampling tends to produce representative
2.4 Identify data that samples and support valid inferences.
represent sample errors and
explain why the sample…might
be biased.
Timelines
Timeline 1 Timeline 2
• Frameworks: May • Frameworks: May
2013 2015
• Instructional • Instructional
Materials: November Materials: November
2014 2017
http://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/cc/ccssfaqs2010.asp
http://commoncoreca.ocde.
us
Assessment
2
PARCC vs. SMARTER Comparison of Assessment Consortia:
RTTT Grant Fund Winners to Develop Assessments Based on Common Core Standards
PARCC SMARTER/(SBAC)
Partnership for Assessment of SMARTER Balanced
Readiness for College and Assessment Consortium
Careers (PARCC) (SBAC)
26 States 31 States
Test students' ability to: Test students using:
- Read complex text - Computer adaptive
- Complete research projects technology that will ask
- Excel at classroom speaking students tailored
and listening assignments questions based on
- Work with digital media their previous answers
- For both consortia: periodic assessments could replace already existing
tests, such as interim assessments that are in common use in many
classrooms today.
- Both consortia are designing their assessment systems with the
substantial involvement of experts and teachers of English learners and
students with disabilities to ensure that these students are appropriately
assessed.
2
PARCC
PARCC’s Goals
1. Build a pathway to college and career
readiness
2. Construct assessments that enable cross-
state comparisons
3. Create better assessments
4. Make better use of technology in
assessments
5. Match investments in testing with
investments in teaching
30
Goal #3: Create Better Assessments
The PARCC assessment system will include:
• A mix of item types – short answer, longer open
response and performance-based – in addition to
richer multiple choice items that:
– Better reflect the sophisticated knowledge and skills found in the
English and math Common Core State Standards and
– Will encourage teachers to focus on helping each student develop a
deep understanding of the subject matter, rather than just
narrowing their instruction in order to “teach to the test”
• Testing at key points throughout the year to give
teachers, parents and students better information
about whether students are “on track” or need
31 some additional support in particular areas
Goal #4: Make Better Use of
Technology in Assessments
PARCC’s computer-based assessments will:
• Produce real-time snapshots of students’ knowledge
• Give parents, students and teachers the ability to adjust
accordingly rather than waiting until the end of the
school year when it’s too late to make changes
PARCC assessments will be scored:
• By a combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and human
scoring
• States will individually determine the extent to which
teachers will be involved in scoring
Source: PARCC-Overview-2-8-11.ppt, Achieve Website, http://www.achieve.org/parcc
SMARTER
SMARTER Balanced Assessment
Consortium
Summative assessments using online computer-adaptive
technologies
• Efficiently provides accurate measurement of all students, better
than a “one size fits all” approach
• Assesses full range of CCSS in English language arts and math
• Describes both current achievement and growth across time,
indicating progress toward college- and career-readiness
• Scores provide reliable state-to-state comparability, with
standards set against national and international benchmarks
• States and districts have option of giving the summative tests
twice a year
Source: 0812 - 1100 - plen - Susan Gendron.ppt,
http://www.sheeo.org/hepconfsite/hepc2010/0812%20-%201100%20-%20plen%20-%20Susan%20Gendron.ppt
SMARTER Balanced Assessment
Consortium
Optional interim and formative assessments
• Aligned to and reported on the same scale as the
summative assessments
• Helps identify specific needs of each student, so
teachers can provide appropriate, targeted instructional
assistance
• Teachers involved in item and task design and scoring,
with interim/formative assessments being non-secure
and fully accessible
• Provides students with clear examples of the expected
performance on common standards
SMARTER Balanced Assessment
Consortium
Online, tailored reporting system
• Supporting educator access to information about
student progress toward career and college readiness
• Student performance history can be transported across
districts and states
• Although the backbone of the reporting system is
provided by the Consortium, individual states retain
jurisdiction over access permissions and front-end “look”
of online reports
Assessment Items
• Through-Course vs. End-of-Course
• RTTT Application
• Other presentations
37
PARCC Assessment Items
• Source: PARCC Assessment Consortia
Application: Appendix (A) (3) – A, Example
Item Types: English Language Arts/Literacy
and Mathematics
38
SMARTER (SBAC)
Assessment Items
• Source: 0812 - 1100 - plen - Susan
Gendron.ppt
• http://www.sheeo.org/hepconfsite/hepc2
010/0812%20-%201100%20-
%20plen%20-%20Susan%20Gendron.ppt
Assessment Design
Grade/ Type of Type of Data Frequency Number of Administration Scoring
ELA Component produced items Mode Method
3-8 Summative Scale score Once annually – 30 Selected Computer Computer
assessing for 1-2 opportunities response Adaptive, SR, Adaptive:
Common Core achievement ECR, TE automated
and growth 3 Extended computer
constructed Computer scoring
response Delivered:
teacher Performance
7 Technology administered Event
enhanced performance Combination
event of AI and
1 Performance teacher
event
Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium
Assessment Design
Grade Type of Type of Data Frequency Number of items Administration Scoring
/ ELA Component produced Mode Method
HS Summative Scale score Once annually – 30 Selected Computer Computer
assessing for 1-2 opportunities response Adaptive, SR, Adaptive:
Common achievement ECR, TE automated
Core and growth Must be 3 Extended computer
administered at constructed Computer scoring
grade 11, may response Delivered:
administer in teacher Performance
grades 9 & 10 7 Technology administered Event
enhanced performance Combination
event of AI and
3 Performance teacher
event
http://commoncoreca.ocde.
us
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