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							E-Commerce
               E-Commerce
• E-commerce at the consumer level
Online shopping (B2C transactions)
Online banking
Online Finance
• E-commerce at the business level
Business-to-Business (B2B) transactions
• Security
Paying on web
• Bidding / Auction
Buying and selling
                 E-Commerce
•   The explosion in e-commerce conducting
    business activities online is not only widening
    consumers choice of products and services but
    also creating new businesses and compelling
    established businesses to develop internet
    strategies.
               E-Commerce
• Retail goods can be classified into two
  categories:
1.Hard goods are those that can be viewed and
  priced online, such as computers, clothes,
  groceries, and furniture, but are then sent to
  buyers by mail or truck.
2.Soft gods are those that can be download
  directly from the retailers site, such as music,
  software, travel, tickets and greeting cards.
              E-Commerce
E-Commerce are:
1. E-commerce at the consumer level
2. E-commerce at the business level.
     E-commerce at the Consumer Level
•     Ten of thousands of online businesses provide to the needs
      of consumers. These companies web sites provide
      information about products and services, take orders,
      receive payments, and provide on-the-spot customer
      service.
•     Consumer oriented e-commerce web sites take many forms
      and cover the range of products and services, but can be
      divided into two general categories:
1.    Shopping sites
2.    Personal finance sites.
              Online shopping
• Online shopping means buying a product or service
  through a website.
• Another term for online shopping is B2C(business-to-
  consumer) transaction.
• Amazon and Buy.com are just two of the many
  popular web sites where consumers can buy any
  sorts of things.
• What can you buy online? The list is almost limitless-
  including everything from car to appliances,
  electronics to jewelry, clothes to books, fine wines to
  old-fashioned candies.
               Online shopping
• There are thousands of consumer web sites and each
  has its own look, feel, and approach to customer
  satisfaction. But effective online shopping sites share
  a few essential features:
• A catalog where you can search for information
  about products and services.
• A “checkout” section where you can securely pay for
  the items you want to purchase.
• A customer service page, where you can contact the
  merchant of assistance.
     Online Banking and Finance
• Retailers are not the only businesses reaching out to
  consumers over the web. No matter where you live in
  the united states, there’s good chance that your local
  bank has a web site where you can manage your
  accounts.
• If you are interested in investing, borrowing money,
  buying insurance, applying for a credit card, or doing
  some other task involving personal finance, you can
  do that online, too.
               Online Banking
• The term online banking refers to using a bank’s web
  site to handle banking-related tasks. Individuals and
  businesses alike can visit any bank’s web site and do
  the following:
Create an account
Transfer funds
Record or view transactions
Reconcile statement
Pay bills.
                Online Finance
• The term online finance refers to any kind of personal
  financial transaction you can conduct online, other than
  managing your bank accounts.
• These activities include:
 Investing
 Applying for loans
 Applying for credit cards
 Buying insurance
 Preparing tax returns and paying taxes
 Doing financial research or seeking financial advice.
E-Commerce at the Business Level
• Beyond individual consumer transactions, e-commerce has
  given companies an entirely different way to conduct business.
• Using powerful web sites and online databases, companies not
  only sell goods to individual customers, but also track
  inventory, order products, send invoices, and receive
  payments.
• Using e-commerce technologies, companies are rapidly
  forming online partnerships to collaborate on product designs,
  sales and marketing campaigns, and more.
• By giving one another access to their private networks,
  corporate partners access vital information and work together
  more efficiently.
         Business-to-Business (B2B)
                transactions
• Although millions of consumer transactions take place each
  day on the web, business-to-business transaction actually
  accounts for most of the money that is spent online.
• As it name implies, a business-to-business transaction is one
  that takes place between companies; consumers are not
  involved.
• In fact, companies were doing business electronically long
  before the rise of the web, by using private networks and
  computer systems to handle transactions.
• But internet technologies have made the process easier, more
  efficient, and available to virtually all businesses.
          Business-to-Business (B2B)
                 transactions
• Any financial transaction between two companies can be
  considered a B2B transaction, and probably can be handled
  over the internet.
o Consider some examples:
• A store orders an out-of-stock product from a distributor.
• A car manufacturer orders parts from a wide range of
  suppliers.
• A stock broker buys shares for a client by using an electronic
  exchange.
• A bank requests credit information from a major credit
  reporting agency.
                          Security
• Until 1998, e-commerce was slow to gain acceptance among
  consumers who were concerned about security.
• Many people feared that it was not safe to provide personal or
  credit card information over the internet because it was
  possible for criminals to intercept data and use it, or to steal it
  from unprotected web servers.
• Those fears have largely been eliminated, however, with
  improved security measures and public perception of the
  internet’s safety.
• It is actually very easy to make sure that you are surfing safely
  and keeping your personal information secure while online,
  even when you are giving credit card numbers to web
  merchant.
                    Security
• Reputable e-commerce web sites (especially those
  run by well-known companies) use sophisticated
  measures to ensure that customer information cannot
  fall into the hands of criminals.
• Online merchants typically protect customers by
  providing secure web pages where customers can
  credit card and account numbers, passwords, and
  other personal information.
• To secure the data transmit to a web site, online
  merchants can encode pages using secure sockets
  layer (SSL) technology, which encrypts data.
                        Security
•    Encryption technology secures data by converting it into a
     code that is unusable by anyone who does not possess a
     key to the code.
•    When using e-commerce site, you can determine if the
     current page is secure in two ways.
1.   Check the URL. If the page’s URL begins with https://, the
     page is secure. The letter s indicates security measures.
2.   Check your browser’s status bar. If you use Microsoft IE or
     Netscape navigator, a closed padlock symbol will appear in
     the browsers status bar when a secure web page is open.
    Bidding (Auctions): Linking Individual
              Buyers & Seller
•    Today millions of buyers and sellers are linking up at online
     auctions, where everything is available. There are generally
     two types of auction sites:
1.   Person-to-person auctions: person-to-person auctions, such
     as ebay, connect buyers and sellers for a listing fee and a
     commission on sold items.
2.   Vendor-based auctions: vendor based auctions, such as
     onsale, buy merchandise and sell it at discount. Some
     auctions are specialized, such as price line, an auction site
     for airline tickets and other items.