FPGA Based RFID Reader

							         FPGA based RFID Reader
           Group Members –
                  Farhan Tariq
                  Usman Sarwar
                  Khalid Khan

           Supervisor-
                   Mr. Naveed Ahmed
           Internal Advisor-
                  Prof. Dr. Abdul Razzak Memon
           External Advisor-
                  Engn. Aurangzeb

                                            Dated: 03-Sep-2007




@ Balochistan University of Information Technology and
                Management Sciences
Presentation Objectives
•   Provide overview of RFID Technology.
•   Describe the domain of the Project.
•   Explain all technical areas related to project.
•   Discuss:
         Business value.
         Why?
         Applications.
         Future.
Outline
•   Automatic Identification Systems
•   Overview of RFID System
•   What will we do
•   Project Explanation
•   Applications
•   Future
Automatic Identification Systems
Overview of RFID System
• What is RFID?
  o Generic term for technologies that use radio waves to
    automatically identify things.
  o Happens with a “Digital Information” that is Store in a
    chip.
  o That microchip has an attached antenna (the chip and
    the antenna together are called an RFID tag).
  o The antenna enables the chip to transmit the serial
    number information to a reader.
  o The reader converts the radio waves reflected back from
    the RFID tag into digital information that can then be
    processed.
Overview of RFID System (Tag)
• Types of Tags with respect to Storage
    • Read only
    • Read/Write
• Types of Tags with respect to Battery
    o Passive
    o Active
    o Semi-Active
   Overview of RFID System (Tag)
               LF                  HF                     UHF                 Microwave

Freq. Range    125 - 134KHz        13.56 MHz              866 - 915MHz        2.45 - 5.8 GHz

Read Range     10 cm               1M                     2-7 M               1M



Market share   74%                 17%                    6%                  3%



Coupling       Magnetic            Magnetic               Electro magnetic    Electro magnetic


Existing       11784/85, 14223     18000-3.1,             EPC C0, C1, C1G2,   18000-4
                                   15693,14443 A, B,      18000-6
standards                          and C

Application    Smart Card,         Small item             Transportation      Transportation
               Ticketing, animal   management,            vehicle ID,         vehicle ID (road
               tagging,            supply chain,          Access/Security,    toll),
               Access, Laundry     Anti-theft, library,   large item          Access/Security,
                                   transportation         management,         large item
                                                          supply chain        management,
                                                                              supply chain
What will we Do




                       Frequency    Distance   Example Application




Our Focus is    LF     125/134khz   Few cm      Auto-Immobilizer




                HF     13.56Mhz       1m         Building Access




               UHF      900Mhz       ~7m          Supply Chain



               μwave    2.4Ghz        10m          Traffic Toll
Project Explanation
• Project Module:
   •   Antenna
   •   contact less Card (Tag)
   •   Demodulator
   •   FPGA ( verilog code simulation)
   •   MATLAB Simulation
Project Explanation
Project Explanation
• Transmit side
Project Explanation
• Antenna
  • Loop Antenna
Project Explanation
• Receive side
   • Demodulation
      • FSK demodulation
      • ASK demodulation
Project Explanation
• ASK demodulation
Project Explanation
• FSK demodulation
  • PLL
Project Explanation
• FPGA
   • Role of FPGA


• What to do?




• How to do
   • Draw flow diagrams
Project Explanation (FPGA)
• 134.2Khz FSK Tag data format:
Project Explanation (FPGA)
• Hardware Description Languages
   • verilog
• Explain the code



• Code simulation diagrams
      Applications

                • In BUITMS:
                     • As Automatic Attendance System
                     • As a Security System. e.g. in Library, Examination Halls and so on.
                     • As a detection and Identification system at any Entrance point.
                • General:
                     • Can be use as an Detection and Identification System In any
                       Organization.




Discuss Ubiquitous Computing
      Future in Pakistan
                o Current Situation
                      HEC
                         Employee Cards
                      NADRA
                         Driving License
                         E-Passport
                o Future:
                      RFID based E-Toll System
                      RFID based Ticketing System
                      Ubiquitous environment at least at BUITMS




Discuss Ubiquitous Computing